Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is true about bats and their ability to fight coronaviruses?
Which of the following is true about bats and their ability to fight coronaviruses?
- Bats have a lower body temperature than humans
- Bats have a mutation in STING that makes them produce more interferon
- Bats have a mutation in STING that makes them produce less interferon (correct)
- Bats have a higher body temperature than humans
What is the size of the SARS-CoV-2 genome?
What is the size of the SARS-CoV-2 genome?
- 230kb
- 30kb (correct)
- Not mentioned in the text
- 9.2kb
Which protein of SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for blocking entry into host cells?
Which protein of SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for blocking entry into host cells?
- Envelope protein
- Nucleocapsid protein
- Membrane protein
- Spike glycoprotein (correct)
What is the estimated efficacy of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in preventing reinfection?
What is the estimated efficacy of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in preventing reinfection?
What is the estimated risk of reinfection for individuals seropositive for anti-spike antibodies at baseline?
What is the estimated risk of reinfection for individuals seropositive for anti-spike antibodies at baseline?
What is the formula for calculating vaccine efficacy (VE)?
What is the formula for calculating vaccine efficacy (VE)?
Which type of immunity may be deficient in patients with a severe clinical course of COVID-19?
Which type of immunity may be deficient in patients with a severe clinical course of COVID-19?
Which type of immunity alone may be able to clear the virus in asymptomatic cases of COVID-19?
Which type of immunity alone may be able to clear the virus in asymptomatic cases of COVID-19?
What is the particular role of the spike protein in SARS-CoV-2?
What is the particular role of the spike protein in SARS-CoV-2?
What is the basic difference between RNA, DNA, and conventional vaccines?
What is the basic difference between RNA, DNA, and conventional vaccines?
What is the main reason why viral mutants could affect immunity and vaccine success?
What is the main reason why viral mutants could affect immunity and vaccine success?
What are the basic epidemiological concepts mentioned in the text?
What are the basic epidemiological concepts mentioned in the text?
According to the text, which type of vaccine contains a weakened version of a chimpanzee common cold adenovirus?
According to the text, which type of vaccine contains a weakened version of a chimpanzee common cold adenovirus?
According to the text, which group of individuals may have reduced innate and adaptive immunity due to age-related factors?
According to the text, which group of individuals may have reduced innate and adaptive immunity due to age-related factors?
According to the text, which type of T-cells may be critical in preventing severe disease even if antibodies fail to prevent infection or cell-to-cell spread?
According to the text, which type of T-cells may be critical in preventing severe disease even if antibodies fail to prevent infection or cell-to-cell spread?
According to the text, which term is used to describe persistent symptoms beyond 12 weeks from acute disease?
According to the text, which term is used to describe persistent symptoms beyond 12 weeks from acute disease?
According to the text, which disease is associated with strongly glycosylated Ig that are more pro-inflammatory?
According to the text, which disease is associated with strongly glycosylated Ig that are more pro-inflammatory?
According to the text, which type of immunity may represent immunological risk factors for fatal COVID-19 outcome in individuals with underlying diseases?
According to the text, which type of immunity may represent immunological risk factors for fatal COVID-19 outcome in individuals with underlying diseases?
Which family does SARS-CoV-2 belong to?
Which family does SARS-CoV-2 belong to?
What is the sub-genus of SARS-CoV-2?
What is the sub-genus of SARS-CoV-2?
Which tissues are important target tissues for SARS-CoV-2?
Which tissues are important target tissues for SARS-CoV-2?
What is the role of ACE2 in SARS-CoV-2 cell entry?
What is the role of ACE2 in SARS-CoV-2 cell entry?
In which cellular compartment does SARS-CoV-2 replication and gene expression occur?
In which cellular compartment does SARS-CoV-2 replication and gene expression occur?
Which virus shares the highest genetic similarity with SARS-CoV-2?
Which virus shares the highest genetic similarity with SARS-CoV-2?
Which of the following is true about the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2?
Which of the following is true about the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2?
What is the role of conventional CD4 and CD8 T-cells in the immune response?
What is the role of conventional CD4 and CD8 T-cells in the immune response?
Why is testing all potential antigenic peptides of SARS-CoV-2 costly and labor-intensive?
Why is testing all potential antigenic peptides of SARS-CoV-2 costly and labor-intensive?
What is the normal trend for T-cell responses over time?
What is the normal trend for T-cell responses over time?
What is the potential role of the gut epithelium in SARS-CoV-2 infection?
What is the potential role of the gut epithelium in SARS-CoV-2 infection?
What does the decline of neutralizing antibody titres over time allow for?
What does the decline of neutralizing antibody titres over time allow for?
Which protein is referred to as M in the text?
Which protein is referred to as M in the text?
Which receptor is the main receptor for spike protein?
Which receptor is the main receptor for spike protein?
What are the most important proteins in SARS-CoV-2 mentioned in the text?
What are the most important proteins in SARS-CoV-2 mentioned in the text?
What are the main target tissues for SARS-CoV-2 mentioned in the text?
What are the main target tissues for SARS-CoV-2 mentioned in the text?
What is the main topic of the lecture?
What is the main topic of the lecture?
Why is there still interest in studying COVID-19?
Why is there still interest in studying COVID-19?
What is the speaker's approach to simplifying complicated topics?
What is the speaker's approach to simplifying complicated topics?
What is the speaker's goal for the audience?
What is the speaker's goal for the audience?
Which protein of SARS-CoV-2 is the primary target for antibodies in the vaccine?
Which protein of SARS-CoV-2 is the primary target for antibodies in the vaccine?
Which protein of SARS-CoV-2 is more likely to elicit an immune response in a larger population?
Which protein of SARS-CoV-2 is more likely to elicit an immune response in a larger population?
What is the primary role of cytotoxic T cells in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2?
What is the primary role of cytotoxic T cells in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2?
What is the main reason why the spike protein was chosen as the target for the vaccine?
What is the main reason why the spike protein was chosen as the target for the vaccine?
Which viruses are part of the Betacoronavirus family and also cause the common cold?
Which viruses are part of the Betacoronavirus family and also cause the common cold?
Which viruses are closely related to SARS-CoV-2, Sars-cov one, and Mers-cov and all cause the common cold?
Which viruses are closely related to SARS-CoV-2, Sars-cov one, and Mers-cov and all cause the common cold?
What percentage of common colds are explained by the four h covs mentioned in the text?
What percentage of common colds are explained by the four h covs mentioned in the text?
Which viruses are part of the Betacoronavirus family and also cause common colds?
Which viruses are part of the Betacoronavirus family and also cause common colds?
Which type of immunity is considered to have an element of memory, although not as long-lasting as immunological memory?
Which type of immunity is considered to have an element of memory, although not as long-lasting as immunological memory?
What is the term used to describe the process by which infection or vaccination changes the level of gene regulation in a cell?
What is the term used to describe the process by which infection or vaccination changes the level of gene regulation in a cell?
Which type of immune response is characterized by tolerance, limitation of tissue damage, innate immunity maturation, and non-specific protection?
Which type of immune response is characterized by tolerance, limitation of tissue damage, innate immunity maturation, and non-specific protection?
What is the potential benefit of using the BCG vaccination to protect against COVID-19?
What is the potential benefit of using the BCG vaccination to protect against COVID-19?
Which type of immune response is potentially associated with hyper inflammation and atherosclerosis?
Which type of immune response is potentially associated with hyper inflammation and atherosclerosis?
What is the potential outcome of immune response failure due to excessive inflammation?
What is the potential outcome of immune response failure due to excessive inflammation?
What is the concept being extensively researched in relation to immune system training?
What is the concept being extensively researched in relation to immune system training?
What events can stimulate the same innate immune cells that protect us from infections?
What events can stimulate the same innate immune cells that protect us from infections?
What is the potential consequence of immune system paralysis?
What is the potential consequence of immune system paralysis?
What is the main focus of research on trained immunity?
What is the main focus of research on trained immunity?
Which of the following is true about the body temperature of bats?
Which of the following is true about the body temperature of bats?
What is the size of the SARS-CoV-2 genome?
What is the size of the SARS-CoV-2 genome?
What is the length of a T-cell epitope for a class one presented peptide?
What is the length of a T-cell epitope for a class one presented peptide?
What is the role of the spike protein in SARS-CoV-2?
What is the role of the spike protein in SARS-CoV-2?
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