26 Questions
What is the average weight of the hypophysis?
500 mg
Which nerve supplies innervation to all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx, except for the cricothyroid muscles?
Vagus nerve
Where are the parathyroid glands located?
On the posterior surface of the thyroid gland
Which structure is the hypophysis connected to?
Hypothalamus
Which arteries supply blood to the thyroid gland?
Inferior thyroid arteries
Where is the hypophysis located?
Sella turcica
Where are the adrenal glands located in relation to the diaphragm?
Resting on the diaphragm
Which part of the hypophysis is an ectodermal derivative of the stomatodeum?
Pars anterior, Pars intermedia, Pars tuberalis
Which artery is the first branch of the external carotid artery and supplies the thyroid gland?
Superior thyroid artery
Which vein drains into the internal jugular vein and is involved in the venous drainage of the thyroid gland?
Superior thyroid vein; Middle thyroid vein
Which nodes are involved in the lymphatic drainage of the thyroid gland?
Paratracheal nodes
Which nerve provides innervation to the thyroid gland after looping around the subclavian artery on the right and the arch of the aorta on the left?
Vagus nerve
What is the size of the hypophysis?
12 mm in transverse and 8 mm in anteroposterior diameter
Which part of the hypophysis is connected to the hypothalamus via the pituitary stalk?
Pars posterior (pars nervosa, posterior or neural lobe)
Which structures are located superiorly to the pituitary gland?
Optic chiasma, optic tracts, third ventricle
What is the function of the chromaffin cells in the adrenal gland?
Secrete catecholamines into the bloodstream in response to stress
Which hormones are secreted by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex?
Mineralocorticoids
From where do the superior adrenal arteries arise?
Inferior Phrenic Arteries
What is the color of the adrenal cortex?
Yellowish
How is the right adrenal vein positioned in relation to the Inferior Vena Cava?
Obliquely
Where does the lymphatic drainage from the right adrenal gland go above the diaphragm?
Renal hilar nodes
How are the adrenal glands primarily innervated?
By the celiac plexus and greater splanchnic nerves
Where do sympathetic nerves stimulate the release of catecholamines from in the adrenal medulla?
Chromaffin cells
Which nerve is most likely to be responsible for the persistent hoarseness and dysphagia after surgery?
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
Where are the parathyroid glands located in relation to the thyroid gland?
Posterior to the thyroid gland
Which section of the adrenal glands rests on the diaphragm?
Right gland
Test your knowledge about the anatomy and arterial blood supply of the thyroid gland, including details about its arterial branches and origins.
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