Thoracic Cage and Pericardium Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the thoracic cage?

  • To protect the lungs and the heart (correct)
  • To form the mediastinum
  • To provide attachments for the muscles of the thorax, upper extremities, back, and abdomen
  • To communicate with the neck and abdomen

What is the name of the bony structure that forms the center of the thoracic cage?

  • Manubrium
  • Xiphoid process
  • Thoracic vertebrae
  • Sternum (correct)

How are the 12 pairs of ribs classified?

  • Into true ribs and false ribs (correct)
  • Into upper and lower ribs
  • Into true ribs and floating ribs
  • Into anterior and posterior ribs

What is the mediastinum divided into by an imaginary line from the sternal angle to the disc between 4th and 5th thoracic vertebrae?

<p>Into superior and inferior mediastinum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the region in front of the heart and pericardium called?

<p>Anterior mediastinum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What separates the thoracic cage from the abdomen?

<p>Respiratory diaphragm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the region behind the heart and pericardium?

<p>Posterior mediastinum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the boundary of the anterior mediastinum posteriorly?

<p>The pericardium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is contained within the fibrous pericardium?

<p>The heart and adjacent parts of the great vessels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is attached to the central tendon of the diaphragm?

<p>The base of the fibrous pericardium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the contents of the middle mediastinum?

<p>The heart and pericardium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the anterior boundary of the anterior mediastinum?

<p>The body of the sternum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the fibrous pericardium in relation to the heart?

<p>To prevent over distension of the heart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the upper part of the fibrous pericardium attached to?

<p>Pretracheal fascia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the pericardial cavity?

<p>To reduce friction between the heart and surrounding structures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium also known as?

<p>Epicardium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures pierce the posterior surface of the fibrous pericardium?

<p>Pulmonary veins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the recesses in the serous pericardium in relation to the heart and its great vessels called?

<p>Pericardial sinuses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the boundary of the transverse sinus anteriorly?

<p>Ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following vessels supply the fibrous pericardium?

<p>Pericardiacophrenic and musculophrenic arteries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the boundary of the oblique sinus posteriorly?

<p>Esophagus and descending thoracic aorta (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve supplies the fibrous pericardium and parietal layer of serous pericardium?

<p>Phrenic nerves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the boundary of the oblique sinus above?

<p>It is closed by the reflection of visceral layer from the back of left atrium to the parietal layer of serous pericardium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not sensitive to pain?

<p>Visceral layer of serous pericardium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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