Thoracic Cage and Pericardium Anatomy
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Thoracic Cage and Pericardium Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the thoracic cage?

  • To protect the lungs and the heart (correct)
  • To form the mediastinum
  • To provide attachments for the muscles of the thorax, upper extremities, back, and abdomen
  • To communicate with the neck and abdomen
  • What is the name of the bony structure that forms the center of the thoracic cage?

  • Manubrium
  • Xiphoid process
  • Thoracic vertebrae
  • Sternum (correct)
  • How are the 12 pairs of ribs classified?

  • Into true ribs and false ribs (correct)
  • Into upper and lower ribs
  • Into true ribs and floating ribs
  • Into anterior and posterior ribs
  • What is the mediastinum divided into by an imaginary line from the sternal angle to the disc between 4th and 5th thoracic vertebrae?

    <p>Into superior and inferior mediastinum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the region in front of the heart and pericardium called?

    <p>Anterior mediastinum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What separates the thoracic cage from the abdomen?

    <p>Respiratory diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the region behind the heart and pericardium?

    <p>Posterior mediastinum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boundary of the anterior mediastinum posteriorly?

    <p>The pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is contained within the fibrous pericardium?

    <p>The heart and adjacent parts of the great vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is attached to the central tendon of the diaphragm?

    <p>The base of the fibrous pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the contents of the middle mediastinum?

    <p>The heart and pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the anterior boundary of the anterior mediastinum?

    <p>The body of the sternum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the fibrous pericardium in relation to the heart?

    <p>To prevent over distension of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the upper part of the fibrous pericardium attached to?

    <p>Pretracheal fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the pericardial cavity?

    <p>To reduce friction between the heart and surrounding structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium also known as?

    <p>Epicardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structures pierce the posterior surface of the fibrous pericardium?

    <p>Pulmonary veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the recesses in the serous pericardium in relation to the heart and its great vessels called?

    <p>Pericardial sinuses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boundary of the transverse sinus anteriorly?

    <p>Ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following vessels supply the fibrous pericardium?

    <p>Pericardiacophrenic and musculophrenic arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boundary of the oblique sinus posteriorly?

    <p>Esophagus and descending thoracic aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the fibrous pericardium and parietal layer of serous pericardium?

    <p>Phrenic nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boundary of the oblique sinus above?

    <p>It is closed by the reflection of visceral layer from the back of left atrium to the parietal layer of serous pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not sensitive to pain?

    <p>Visceral layer of serous pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

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