30 Questions
Which pathway regenerates ATP the fastest in muscle cells?
Direct phosphorylation of ADP by creatine phosphate
How many ATP molecules are produced per molecule of creatine phosphate in muscle cells?
1
Which process uses oxygen and occurs in the mitochondria to produce about 32 ATP?
Aerobic respiration
What is the end product of anaerobic glycolysis before it is converted to lactic acid?
Pyruvic acid
Which suspected factors contribute to muscle fatigue?
Ion imbalances: Ca2+, K+
What type of muscle contraction involves constant tension while the muscle changes length?
Isotonic contractions
What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?
Transport oxygen to and from cells
Where is the heart located in the human body?
In the thoracic cavity, between the lungs
Which of the following is a chamber of the heart?
Atria
What is the orientation of the apex of the heart?
Towards the left hip
Which layer of the heart is known as the endothelium?
Endocardium
What fills the space between the layers of pericardium in the heart?
Serous fluid
What type of contraction occurs when muscle filaments are able to slide past each other?
Isotonic contraction
Which type of exercise results in stronger, more flexible muscles with greater resistance to fatigue?
Isometric exercise
What is the result of continuous partial contractions due to different motor units being stimulated systematically?
Muscle tone
Which group of muscles is NOT mentioned in the provided text?
Quadriceps
What happens during an isometric contraction?
Muscles shorten and movement occurs
How does resistance (isometric) exercise affect body metabolism according to the text?
Makes body metabolism more efficient
What anchors the cusps of AV valves to the walls of the ventricles?
Chordae tendineae
During heart relaxation, what happens to the semilunar valves?
They are closed
Which vessels supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood?
Coronary arteries
How does cardiac muscle contract in terms of nerve impulses?
Spontaneously and independently of nerve impulses
What controls the beating rate of atrial and ventricular cells?
Intrinsic conduction system (nodal system)
What is the function of the coronary sinus in cardiac circulation?
Receives blood from cardiac veins and empties into the right atrium
What is the main function of the intrinsic conduction system in the heart?
Sets the heart rhythm
Where is the sinoatrial (SA) node located?
In the right atrium
Which node is responsible for briefly delaying the impulse in the heart's conduction system?
Atrioventricular (AV) node
What is tachycardia?
Rapid heart rate, over 100 beats per minute
What is bradycardia?
Slow heart rate, less than 60 beats per minute
During which phase of the cardiac cycle do both atria and ventricles contract and then relax?
Diastole
Test your knowledge of human anatomy with a quiz covering major muscle groups such as rectus femoris, sartorius, and triceps brachii, as well as the cardiovascular system. Identify key muscles and understand the functions of the cardiovascular system.
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