Muscles and Cardiovascular System Anatomy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which pathway regenerates ATP the fastest in muscle cells?

  • Direct phosphorylation of ADP by creatine phosphate (correct)
  • Anaerobic glycolysis
  • Formation of lactic acid
  • Aerobic pathway

How many ATP molecules are produced per molecule of creatine phosphate in muscle cells?

  • 1 (correct)
  • 2
  • 32
  • None

Which process uses oxygen and occurs in the mitochondria to produce about 32 ATP?

  • Direct phosphorylation of ADP by creatine phosphate
  • Anaerobic glycolysis
  • Formation of lactic acid
  • Aerobic respiration (correct)

What is the end product of anaerobic glycolysis before it is converted to lactic acid?

<p>Pyruvic acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which suspected factors contribute to muscle fatigue?

<p>Ion imbalances: Ca2+, K+ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of muscle contraction involves constant tension while the muscle changes length?

<p>Isotonic contractions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?

<p>Transport oxygen to and from cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the heart located in the human body?

<p>In the thoracic cavity, between the lungs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a chamber of the heart?

<p>Atria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the orientation of the apex of the heart?

<p>Towards the left hip (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the heart is known as the endothelium?

<p>Endocardium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What fills the space between the layers of pericardium in the heart?

<p>Serous fluid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of contraction occurs when muscle filaments are able to slide past each other?

<p>Isotonic contraction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of exercise results in stronger, more flexible muscles with greater resistance to fatigue?

<p>Isometric exercise (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of continuous partial contractions due to different motor units being stimulated systematically?

<p>Muscle tone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of muscles is NOT mentioned in the provided text?

<p>Quadriceps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during an isometric contraction?

<p>Muscles shorten and movement occurs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does resistance (isometric) exercise affect body metabolism according to the text?

<p>Makes body metabolism more efficient (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anchors the cusps of AV valves to the walls of the ventricles?

<p>Chordae tendineae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During heart relaxation, what happens to the semilunar valves?

<p>They are closed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vessels supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood?

<p>Coronary arteries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does cardiac muscle contract in terms of nerve impulses?

<p>Spontaneously and independently of nerve impulses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What controls the beating rate of atrial and ventricular cells?

<p>Intrinsic conduction system (nodal system) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the coronary sinus in cardiac circulation?

<p>Receives blood from cardiac veins and empties into the right atrium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the intrinsic conduction system in the heart?

<p>Sets the heart rhythm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the sinoatrial (SA) node located?

<p>In the right atrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which node is responsible for briefly delaying the impulse in the heart's conduction system?

<p>Atrioventricular (AV) node (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is tachycardia?

<p>Rapid heart rate, over 100 beats per minute (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is bradycardia?

<p>Slow heart rate, less than 60 beats per minute (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cardiac cycle do both atria and ventricles contract and then relax?

<p>Diastole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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