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A Carnot engine operates between two temperature reservoirs at 600 K and 300 K. If the engine absorbs 2,000 J of heat from the hot reservoir, what is the heat rejected to the cold reservoir?
A Carnot engine operates between two temperature reservoirs at 600 K and 300 K. If the engine absorbs 2,000 J of heat from the hot reservoir, what is the heat rejected to the cold reservoir?
In the absence of net external torque, when does the angular momentum of a system is conserved?
In the absence of net external torque, when does the angular momentum of a system is conserved?
In an adiabatic expansion, the volume of the gas increases. What happens to its temperature?
In an adiabatic expansion, the volume of the gas increases. What happens to its temperature?
The SI unit of angular momentum is expressed as:
The SI unit of angular momentum is expressed as:
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In a constant temperature closed system process, 120 kJ of heat is transferred to the working fluid at 38 deg C. What is the change in entropy of the working fluid in kJ/K?
In a constant temperature closed system process, 120 kJ of heat is transferred to the working fluid at 38 deg C. What is the change in entropy of the working fluid in kJ/K?
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Which of the following correctly describes the relationships between torque and angular momentum?
Which of the following correctly describes the relationships between torque and angular momentum?
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Which of the following statements clearly states the Third Law of Thermodynamics?
Which of the following statements clearly states the Third Law of Thermodynamics?
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What happens to its angular momentum if you apply a torque to a door that is hinged at one end?
What happens to its angular momentum if you apply a torque to a door that is hinged at one end?
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What is entropy?
What is entropy?
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How does a larger distance from the hinge (lever arm) affect torque?
How does a larger distance from the hinge (lever arm) affect torque?
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It is defined as the ratio of the force of gravity on a unit volume.
It is defined as the ratio of the force of gravity on a unit volume.
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A force of 300 N acts perpendicularly on one end of a 2.5 m long rod which has a mass of 10 kg and is initially at rest. Compute the torque acting on the rod.
A force of 300 N acts perpendicularly on one end of a 2.5 m long rod which has a mass of 10 kg and is initially at rest. Compute the torque acting on the rod.
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Which of the following describes the heat exchange in an adiabatic process?
Which of the following describes the heat exchange in an adiabatic process?
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What is the final angular momentum of the rod if the force acts on it for 8 seconds?
What is the final angular momentum of the rod if the force acts on it for 8 seconds?
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Which law of thermodynamics explains why no process can be 100% efficient?
Which law of thermodynamics explains why no process can be 100% efficient?
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What is the final angular speed of the rod?
What is the final angular speed of the rod?
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What is the effect of increasing the temperature of an ideal gas in an isochoric process?
What is the effect of increasing the temperature of an ideal gas in an isochoric process?
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Which of the following statements is NOT one of Kepler's Law of Planetary Motion?
Which of the following statements is NOT one of Kepler's Law of Planetary Motion?
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In an ideal gas undergoing an isothermal process, which of the following statements accurately describes a system when heat is added?
In an ideal gas undergoing an isothermal process, which of the following statements accurately describes a system when heat is added?
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What does Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation state?
What does Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation state?
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A closed vessel contains air at a pressure of 160 Kpag and a temperature of. The air is heated at a constant volume to with an atmospheric pressure of 759 mm Hg. What is the final gauge pressure?
A closed vessel contains air at a pressure of 160 Kpag and a temperature of. The air is heated at a constant volume to with an atmospheric pressure of 759 mm Hg. What is the final gauge pressure?
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How does mass affect gravitational force between two objects?
How does mass affect gravitational force between two objects?
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An air bubble rises from the bottom of a well where the temperature is, to the surface where the temperature is. Find the percent increase in the volume of the bubble if the depth of the well is 5m. Atmospheric pressure is 101, 528 Pascals.
An air bubble rises from the bottom of a well where the temperature is, to the surface where the temperature is. Find the percent increase in the volume of the bubble if the depth of the well is 5m. Atmospheric pressure is 101, 528 Pascals.
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Which of the following correctly describes a geostationary orbit?
Which of the following correctly describes a geostationary orbit?
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Why is the Carnot Cycle considered the most efficient thermodynamic cycle?
Why is the Carnot Cycle considered the most efficient thermodynamic cycle?
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According to Kepler's third law, if a planet's orbital period increases, what happens to its distance from the Sun?
According to Kepler's third law, if a planet's orbital period increases, what happens to its distance from the Sun?
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A pressure of 35 kPa is measured 4 m below the surface of an unknown liquid. What is the specific gravity of the liquid?
A pressure of 35 kPa is measured 4 m below the surface of an unknown liquid. What is the specific gravity of the liquid?
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If the radius of a circular orbit is doubled, how does the orbital velocity change?
If the radius of a circular orbit is doubled, how does the orbital velocity change?
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How high does a mercury barometer stand on a day when atmospheric pressure is 98.6 kPa considering that the specific gravity of mercury is 13.6?
How high does a mercury barometer stand on a day when atmospheric pressure is 98.6 kPa considering that the specific gravity of mercury is 13.6?
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If the spring constant (k) of a mass-spring system increases, what happens to the frequency?
If the spring constant (k) of a mass-spring system increases, what happens to the frequency?
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A hydraulic lift is to be used to lift a truck weighing 5000 lb. What is the pressure (gage) that must be applied to oil if the diameter of the larger piston is 12 inches?
A hydraulic lift is to be used to lift a truck weighing 5000 lb. What is the pressure (gage) that must be applied to oil if the diameter of the larger piston is 12 inches?
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The type of energy does a mass-spring system have at the equilibrium position.
The type of energy does a mass-spring system have at the equilibrium position.
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Convert a vacuum pressure of 110 mm of mercury into absolute pressure if the atmospheric pressure is 10.5 meters of water.
Convert a vacuum pressure of 110 mm of mercury into absolute pressure if the atmospheric pressure is 10.5 meters of water.
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What is the total mechanical energy in a mass-spring system is?
What is the total mechanical energy in a mass-spring system is?
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If an object weighs 100 N in air and 80 N in water, what is the buoyant force acting on the object?
If an object weighs 100 N in air and 80 N in water, what is the buoyant force acting on the object?
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In a simple harmonic motion, if the amplitude is increased, what happens to the energy of the system?
In a simple harmonic motion, if the amplitude is increased, what happens to the energy of the system?
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If a hydraulic press has a smaller piston area of 0.01 m^2 and a larger piston area of 0.2 m^2, how much force must be applied to the small piston to lift a 500 N load?
If a hydraulic press has a smaller piston area of 0.01 m^2 and a larger piston area of 0.2 m^2, how much force must be applied to the small piston to lift a 500 N load?
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In a mass-spring system, what is the elastic potential energy at maximum displacement?
In a mass-spring system, what is the elastic potential energy at maximum displacement?
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In an open tank, what happens to the water level when an object is submerged?
In an open tank, what happens to the water level when an object is submerged?
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Which of the following statements describes the relationship between elastic potential energy and kinetic energy in a simple harmonic motion?
Which of the following statements describes the relationship between elastic potential energy and kinetic energy in a simple harmonic motion?
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In a venturi meter, what happens to fluid velocity as the cross-sectional area decreases?
In a venturi meter, what happens to fluid velocity as the cross-sectional area decreases?
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Which of the following correctly describes the Doppler effect?
Which of the following correctly describes the Doppler effect?
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How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 5 lb of water from 77 deg F to 167 deg F? (Specific heat capacity of water = )
How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 5 lb of water from 77 deg F to 167 deg F? (Specific heat capacity of water = )
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In the context of sound intensity, which of the following correctly describes the inverse square law?
In the context of sound intensity, which of the following correctly describes the inverse square law?
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Which of the following statements best describes Thermal equilibrium implies?
Which of the following statements best describes Thermal equilibrium implies?
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Study Notes
Carnot Engine Heat Rejection
- A Carnot engine operates between two reservoirs at 600 K and 300 K.
- If the engine absorbs 2,000 J of heat from the hot reservoir, the heat rejected to the cold reservoir is 1000 J.
Angular Momentum Conservation
- Angular momentum is conserved when there is no net external torque.
- This occurs at all times when there is no net external torque.
Adiabatic Expansion and Temperature
- In an adiabatic expansion, the volume of a gas increases.
- The temperature of the gas decreases.
SI Unit of Angular Momentum
- The SI unit of angular momentum is not specified in the text.
Constant Temperature Closed System Entropy
- In a constant temperature closed system process, 120 kJ of heat is transferred to the working fluid at 38°C.
- The change in entropy of the working fluid is 0.458 kJ/K.
Torque and Angular Momentum
- Torque is the rate of change of angular momentum.
Third Law of Thermodynamics
- The Third Law of Thermodynamics states that, as the temperature approaches absolute zero, the entropy of a system approaches a minimum constant value.
Torque and Angular Momentum of a Hinged Door
- Applying a torque to a hinged door changes its angular momentum.
- If the torque is in the direction of rotation, the angular momentum increases.
Entropy Definition
- Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness of a system.
Effect of Lever Arm on Torque
- A larger distance from the hinge (lever arm) increases the torque for the same applied force.
Mass Density Definition
- Mass density is defined as the ratio of the force of gravity on a unit volume.
Torque Calculation for a Rod
- A 300 N force acts perpendicularly on one end of a 2.5 m long rod with a mass of 10 kg.
- The torque acting on the rod is 720 N⋅m.
Adiabatic Process Heat Exchange
- In an adiabatic process, no heat is exchanged with the surroundings.
Unknown Final Angular Momentum Value
- The final angular momentum of a rod is not provided in the text.
Thermodynamics and 100% Efficiency
- The Second Law of Thermodynamics explains why no process can be 100% efficient.
Final Angular Speed of a Rod
- The final angular speed of a rod is not provided in the text.
Isochoric Process and Temperature Increase
- Increasing the temperature of an ideal gas in an isochoric process increases the pressure.
Kepler's Laws (Not)
- All planets do not have circular orbits (according to Kepler).
- Kepler's laws:
- Planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus.
- A line segment joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time.
- The square of the orbital period of a planet is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit.
Isothermal Process and Heat Addition
- In an isothermal process, when heat is added to an ideal gas, the heat added is equal to the work done by the system.
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
- Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation: The gravitational force between two masses is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Final Gauge Pressure in a Closed Vessel
- The final gauge pressure is not specified in the text.
Mass and Gravitational Force
- Greater mass increases the gravitational force.
Percentage Increase in Bubble Volume
- The percentage increase in the volume of a bubble rising from a well is not specified.
Geostationary Orbit Definition
- A geostationary orbit allows a satellite to remain above a fixed point on Earth's surface.
Carnot Cycle Efficiency
- The Carnot Cycle is considered the most efficient thermodynamic cycle because it can both receive and reject energy at the upper and lower temperatures.
Kepler's Third Law and Distance from Sun
- According to Kepler's third law, if a planet's orbital period increases, its distance from the Sun increases.
Specific Gravity of a Liquid
- The specific gravity of the liquid is not specified.
Effect of Doubling Circular Orbit Radius on Velocity
- Doubling the radius of a circular orbit decreases the orbital velocity by a factor of the square root of 2.
Mercury Barometer Height
- The height of a mercury barometer is 739 mm given the atmospheric pressure is 98.6 kPa and the specific gravity of mercury is 13.6.
Spring Constant and Frequency
- If the spring constant increases, the frequency of a mass-spring system also increases.
Hydraulic Lift Pressure Application
- The pressure required to lift a 5000 lb truck with a 12-inch diameter piston is not specified.
Mass-Spring System Energy at Equilibrium Position
- At the equilibrium position in a mass-spring system, the energy is entirely kinetic.
Vacuum Pressure to Absolute Pressure Conversion
- The converted absolute pressure value is not specified in the text.
Total Mechanical Energy in a Mass-Spring System
- Total mechanical energy in a mass-spring system remains constant.
Buoyant Force Calculation
- The buoyant force acting on an object weighing 100 N in air and 80 N in water is 20 N.
Simple Harmonic Motion and Amplitude Increase
- Increasing the amplitude of a simple harmonic motion increases the energy of the system.
Hydraulic Press Force Application
- To lift a 500 N load with a smaller piston area of 0.01 m² and a larger piston area of 0.2 m², the applied force on the smaller piston must be 25 N.
Elastic Potential Energy at Maximum Displacement
- The elastic potential energy in a mass-spring system is maximum at maximum displacement.
Water Level in an Open Tank
- The water level in an open tank stays the same when an object is submerged.
Relationship between Elastic Potential and Kinetic Energy
- Elastic potential energy and kinetic energy interchange as the object moves in a simple harmonic motion.
Venturi Meter Fluid Velocity Decrease
- In a venturi meter, when the cross-sectional area decreases, the fluid velocity increases.
Doppler Effect Definition
- The Doppler effect is a change in frequency due to the motion of the source or observer.
Heat Required to Raise Water Temperature
- The heat required to raise the temperature of 5 lb of water from 77°F to 167°F is not specified.
Inverse Square Law in Sound Intensity
- The inverse square law in sound intensity states that the intensity decreases as the square of the distance from the source.
Thermal Equilibrium and Heat Transfer
- Thermal equilibrium implies that no heat transfer occurs between two bodies at the same temperature.
Medium Requirement for Wave Propagation
- Mechanical waves require a medium to propagate.
Airplane Flight Principle
- Airplane flight is explained by Bernoulli's Principle.
Particle Motion in Transverse Wave
- Particle motion in a transverse wave is perpendicular to the direction of wave travel.
Ocean Depth Calculation
- The depth of the ocean, given a pressure of 2,032.56 kPa and specific gravity of 1.03 is not specified.
Sound Intensity and Distance Change
- If the distance from a sound source is doubled, the intensity is quartered.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts in thermodynamics and angular momentum, including the Carnot engine, adiabatic processes, and the laws of thermodynamics. Test your understanding of heat transfer, entropy, and the conservation of angular momentum in various scenarios.
