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Questions and Answers
Which medication is primarily used to treat manic episodes?
Which medication is primarily used to treat manic episodes?
What is the primary function of antineoplastic medications?
What is the primary function of antineoplastic medications?
Which of the following is NOT a common treatment for Parkinson's disease?
Which of the following is NOT a common treatment for Parkinson's disease?
Which class of drugs is effective in destroying parasitic infections?
Which class of drugs is effective in destroying parasitic infections?
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What is the mechanism of action for antiparkinson's medications?
What is the mechanism of action for antiparkinson's medications?
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Which of the following medications is utilized to prevent platelet aggregation?
Which of the following medications is utilized to prevent platelet aggregation?
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Which medication is effective in treating migraines?
Which medication is effective in treating migraines?
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Which drug is classified as an antineoplastic agent for cancer treatment?
Which drug is classified as an antineoplastic agent for cancer treatment?
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Which category of drugs is primarily used to reduce pain without causing loss of consciousness?
Which category of drugs is primarily used to reduce pain without causing loss of consciousness?
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Which drug example is classified as a general anesthetic?
Which drug example is classified as a general anesthetic?
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What is the primary action of an antidiuretic drug?
What is the primary action of an antidiuretic drug?
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Which medication is an example of an antidepressant?
Which medication is an example of an antidepressant?
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What is the main purpose of an antiemetic drug?
What is the main purpose of an antiemetic drug?
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Which drug is classified as an anti-arrhythmic agent?
Which drug is classified as an anti-arrhythmic agent?
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Which class of drugs is utilized to treat parasitic worm infections?
Which class of drugs is utilized to treat parasitic worm infections?
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Which medication is a common example of an anticoagulant?
Which medication is a common example of an anticoagulant?
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What is the function of an anticonvulsant medication?
What is the function of an anticonvulsant medication?
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Which type of drug is primarily indicated for the treatment of bacterial infections?
Which type of drug is primarily indicated for the treatment of bacterial infections?
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Which class of medications is used to reduce high blood pressure?
Which class of medications is used to reduce high blood pressure?
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Which of the following is NOT typically classified as an antihypertensive drug?
Which of the following is NOT typically classified as an antihypertensive drug?
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What is the primary function of anti-inflammatory drugs?
What is the primary function of anti-inflammatory drugs?
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Which drug would be most appropriate for an individual experiencing nausea and vomiting due to chemotherapy?
Which drug would be most appropriate for an individual experiencing nausea and vomiting due to chemotherapy?
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Which of the following options are anticoagulant medications?
Which of the following options are anticoagulant medications?
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What is the primary action of antifungal medications?
What is the primary action of antifungal medications?
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Which of the following is an example of an anti-inflammatory drug?
Which of the following is an example of an anti-inflammatory drug?
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Which class of drugs is primarily used for managing gout?
Which class of drugs is primarily used for managing gout?
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What is the role of diuretics in medical treatment?
What is the role of diuretics in medical treatment?
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Which of the following medications is commonly prescribed for both prevention and treatment of nausea from motion sickness?
Which of the following medications is commonly prescribed for both prevention and treatment of nausea from motion sickness?
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Study Notes
Therapeutic Categories of Drugs
- Analgesic: Reduces pain without loss of consciousness. Examples include painkillers.
- Anesthetic: Causes lack of feeling or awareness, including loss of sensation. Local anesthetics affect a specific area, while general anesthetics affect the whole body. Examples include lidocaine (local) and Propofol, Nitrous Oxide (general).
- Anorexiant: Suppresses appetite. Examples include Methamphetamine and Phentermine.
- Antacid: Neutralizes stomach acidity. Examples include Aluminum hydroxide, Milk of Magnesia, and Sodium bicarbonate.
- Anthelmintic: Destroys or prevents parasitic worms. Examples include Albendazole, Ivermectin, Mebendazole, Pyrantel pamoate, and Triclabendazole.
- Anti-allergic: Prevents or relieves allergies. First-generation examples include Diphenhydramine and Chlorpheniramine; second-generation examples include Cetirizine, Levocetirizine, Loratadine, and others.
- Antianxiety: Prevents or reduces anxiety (anxiolytics/minor tranquilizers). Benzodiazepines (e.g., Lorazepam, Midazolam, Diazepam) are examples.
- Anti-arrhythmic: Prevents, alleviates, or corrects abnormal heart rhythms. Examples include Barbiturates, Procainamide, Propafenone, Propranolol, Amiodarone, and Bretylium.
- Antibacterial: Destroys or suppresses bacterial growth or reproduction. Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim, Quinolones, Fluoroquinolones, Penicillin, Cefalexin, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Amikacin, Gentamicin, Azithromycin, and Erythromycin.
- Anticoagulant: Prevents blood clot formation or enlargement. Heparin and Warfarin are examples.
- Anticonvulsant: Prevents or reduces epileptic or other convulsive seizures. Examples include Carbamazepine, Clonazepam, Gabapentin, Lamotrigine, Phenytoin, and Phenobarbital.
- Antidepressant: Prevents, treats, or alleviates depression. Examples include Amitriptyline, Imipramine, Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid, Moclobemide, and Selegiline.
- Antidiabetic: Helps control blood sugar levels in diabetes. Insulin and Metformin are among the drugs used.
- Antidiarrheal: Prevents or stops diarrhea. Examples include bismuth subsalicylate and loperamide.
- Antidote: Counteracts or neutralizes the effects of a poison. Examples include Activated Charcoal.
- Antiemetic: Prevents or treats nausea and vomiting. Examples include Meclizine, Dexamethasone, Ondansetron, Granisetron; and Metoclopramide.
- Antiflatulent: Reduces intestinal gas. Simethicone is an example.
- Antifungal: Destroys or prevents fungal growth. Examples include Clotrimazole, Miconazole, and Fluconazole.
- Antigout: Used to avoid severe gout attacks and prevent long-term joint damage. Colchicine and NSAIDs are examples.
- Antihypertensive: Reduces high blood pressure. Examples include Clonidine, Methyldopa, Prazosin, Terazosin, Nifedipine, Diltiazem, and Verapamil.
- Antihypoglycemic: Elevates or increases blood glucose levels.
- Anti-inflammatory: Relieves inflammation. Aspirin, Indomethacin, Diclofenac, Mefenamic Acid, Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Celecoxib, and Etoricoxib are examples.
- Antilipidemic: Reduces lipid levels. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), fibrates, and sterol absorption inhibitors are examples.
- Antimalarial: Treats malaria. Chloroquine is an example.
- Antimanic: Prevents and treats manic episodes. Lithium carbonate and Valproic acid are examples.
- Antimigraine: Prevents or reduces migraine severity. Sumatriptan and Rizatriptan are examples.
- Antineoplastic: Prevents the growth and spread of tumors/cancer. Methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, 6-mercaptopurine, Vinblastine, Vincristine, Paclitaxel, Docetaxel, and Etoposide are examples.
- Antiparasitic: Destroys or prevents parasitic growth. Examples include Metronidazole, Albendazole, Ivermectin, and Mebendazole.
- Anti-Parkinson's: Reduces Parkinson's symptoms. Levodopa + Carbidopa + Entacapone are a common triple therapy.
- Antiplatelet: Prevents platelet aggregation to reduce blood clots. Examples include Aspirin, Ticlopidine, Clopidogrel, Ticagrelor, and Cilostazol.
- Antiprotozoa: Destroys or prevents protozoa growth. Examples include Metronidazole, Ivermectin and Atovaquone.
- Antipsychotic: Treats psychosis. Examples include Chlorpromazine, Fluphenazine, Haloperidol, Clozapine, Olanzapine, Risperidone, and Quetiapine.
- Antipyretic: Reduces fever. Examples include Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, and Naproxen.
Other Drug Categories
- Antirheumatic: Treats rheumatoid arthritis. Examples include Methotrexate.
- Antiseborrheic: Treats seborrheic dermatitis. Examples include Selenium sulfide.
- Antispasmodic: Treats muscle contractions. Examples include Belladonna, Chlordiazepoxide, Dicyclomine, and Hyoscine-N Butylbromide.
- Anti-TB: Treats tuberculosis. Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol fall into the first-line group, while Cycloserine and Kanamycin are second-line.
- Antitussive: Relieves coughs. Examples include Codeine, Butamirate, and Dextromethorphan.
- Antiviral: Kills or inhibits viral replication. Examples include Famciclovir, Ganciclovir, Oseltamivir, Zanamivir, and Acyclovir.
- Astringents: Cleanse and tone skin by shrinking pores; also arrests secretions and contraction of tissue, or control bleeding. Examples include Tretinoin.
- Bronchodilator: Relaxes bronchiole muscles facilitating better lung aeration. Examples include Albuterol, Terbutaline, Metaproterenol, Salmeterol, and Formoterol.
- Cathartic: Empties bowels. Examples include Psyllium and Methylcellulose.
- CNS Stimulant: Increases alertness. Amphetamine is an example.
- Contraceptive: Prevents pregnancy. Examples include Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel.
- Decongestant: Reduces nasal congestion. Examples include Phenylpropanolamine and Phenylephrine.
- Diuretic: Increases urine production. Examples include Furosemide, Acetazolamide, and Spironolactone.
- Electrolyte Supplement: Replenishes electrolytes. Oral rehydration solutions and Lactated Ringer's solution are examples.
- Expectorant: Thins and removes mucus from airways. Guaifenesin is an example.
- Gastroprokinetic: Aids in the movement of food through the gastrointestinal tract. Examples include Domperidone and Metoclopramide.
- Hemostatic: Stops bleeding. Examples include SeraSeal.
- Hypnotic: Induces sleep. Lorazepam, Diazepam, Zolpidem.
- Immunosuppressant: Suppresses the immune response. Mycophenolate Mofetil.
- Keratolytic: Exfoliates skin. Salicylic acid and Selenium sulfide are examples.
- Laxative: Treats constipation. Examples include Senna and Lactulose.
- Mucolytic: Dissolves mucus. Examples include Acetylcysteine and Bromhexine.
- Miotic: Contracts the pupil of the eye. Examples include Carbachol and Pilocarpine.
- Mydriatic: Dilates the pupil of the eye. Examples include Atropine sulfate and Tropicamide.
- Pediculicide: Kills lice. Permethrin is an example.
- Rubefacient: Produces redness in the skin. Examples include Camphor and Salicylates.
- Scabicidal: Kills mites that cause scabies. Examples include Crotamiton and Permethrin.
- Sedative: Calms a patient. Examples include Clonazepam and Amobarbital.
- Skeletal Muscle Relaxant: Reduces muscle contractions. Examples include Rocuronium.
- Tocolytic: Slows or stops uterine contractions during labor. Examples include Magnesium Sulfate.
- Vaccine: Provides immunity against a disease. Examples include Dengue, Hep-B, and Flu vaccines.
- Vasodilator: Widens blood vessels. Examples include Terazosin and Nitroglycerin.
- Vitamin: Provides essential nutrients for bodily function. The specifics of different vitamins will need to be studied separately.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the different therapeutic categories of drugs. This quiz covers various drug classes such as analgesics, anesthetics, and anti-allergic medications, along with examples and their functions. Perfect for students in pharmacology or anyone interested in understanding drug classifications.
