Theories of Motivation Overview

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What is the term used to describe the phenomenon when receiving extrinsic rewards for intrinsically rewarding activities makes those tasks less enjoyable?

Extrinsic motivation effect

Reward desensitization effect

Intrinsic demotivation effect

Overjustification effect (correct)

What type of motivation involves doing things to receive something from others?

Extrinsic motivation (correct)

Intrinsic motivation

Altruistic motivation

Reward-based motivation

What type of reward has been shown to have less of a negative impact on intrinsic motivation compared to monetary rewards?

Surprise rewards

Material gifts

Monetary rewards

Verbal praise (correct)

In the context of the text, what can happen to the enjoyment of a previously enjoyed activity when an individual starts getting paid for it?

It may decrease Signup and view all the answers

Which concept refers to doing something because it is inherently satisfying or enjoyable?

Intrinsic motivation Signup and view all the answers

What impact do surprise rewards have on intrinsic motivation, according to research cited in the text?

Less negative than monetary rewards Signup and view all the answers

When individuals are motivated by extrinsic factors, what are they seeking?

Rewards from others Signup and view all the answers

Which type of motivation involves performing an activity for its inherent value rather than for external rewards?

Intrinsic motivation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental component of affect?

Cognition Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the sympathetic nervous system in the experience of affect?

To provide energy and physiological responses to environmental stimuli Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the hot processes of emotions and motivations, as compared to cognitive processes?

Are calm, collected, and frequently rational Signup and view all the answers

Which stress hormone is released by the sympathetic nervous system during emotional and motivational arousal?

Epinephrine Signup and view all the answers

How do emotions and motivations differ from cognitive processes, according to the passage?

Emotions and motivations involve arousal and physiological responses, while cognitive processes do not Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the terms affect, emotions, and motivation according to the passage?

Affect is a broader term that encompasses both emotions and motivation Signup and view all the answers

How does the passage describe the role of affect in everyday life?

Affect guides behavior, helps us make decisions, and has a major impact on our mental and physical health Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the terms emotion and motivation according to the passage?

Emotions and motivations share the same underlying Latin root, meaning to move Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the physiological responses induced by the sympathetic nervous system during emotional and motivational arousal?

To provide energy and resources to respond to environmental stimuli Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, how do emotions and motivations differ from cognitive processes in terms of their subjective experience?

Emotions and motivations are experienced as felt states, while cognitive processes are not Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the passage?

To explain the role of emotions and motivations in guiding human behavior Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a way that motivations can be considered in psychology?

Reinforcements, which are external rewards that shape behavior Signup and view all the answers

The passage suggests that motivations often operate $OUTSIDE$ of our conscious awareness to guide our behavior. What does this imply about the role of emotions in behavior?

Emotions can influence behavior without our conscious awareness or control Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the BEST example of an intrinsic motivation described in the passage?

Pursuing an education to become a more well-rounded individual Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is the role of homeostasis in motivation and behavior?

Homeostasis refers to the body's natural state, and motivations arise to restore this balance when it is disrupted Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an emotion potentially having a destructive influence on behavior, as described in the passage?

Feeling frustration and lashing out at others who do not deserve it Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following is a key difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivations?

Intrinsic motivations are driven by internal factors, while extrinsic motivations are driven by external factors Signup and view all the answers

The passage suggests that motivations often lead to certain behaviors because those behaviors are $REWARDING$. What does this imply about the relationship between motivations and emotions?

Motivations and emotions are closely intertwined, with emotions influencing the perceived rewards of behaviors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT identified in the passage as a type of motivation that can influence behavior?

The motivation to be recognized and praised by others for one's abilities Signup and view all the answers