Theories of Motivation: Functionalism by William James

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Questions and Answers

According to Maslow, what is a key characteristic of self-actualized individuals?

  • They have many superficial friendships.
  • They lack confidence and are unable to express unpopular opinions.
  • They need to conform to the opinions of others.
  • They are creative, spontaneous, and loving of themselves and others. (correct)

What level of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs represents our social connections with others?

  • Esteem Needs
  • Social Needs (correct)
  • Security or Safety Needs
  • Physiological Needs

Which of the following is NOT an example of an Esteem Need according to Maslow's Hierarchy?

  • Achievement
  • Self-worth
  • Sense of accomplishment
  • Inner fulfillment (correct)

What is the main difference between Esteem Needs and Self-actualization Needs in Maslow's Hierarchy?

<p>Esteem Needs are focused on recognition and achievement, while Self-actualization Needs are focused on reaching one's potential. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following individuals did Maslow study as an example of a self-actualized person?

<p>Albert Einstein (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the psychologist who developed the Hierarchy of Needs theory?

<p>Abraham Maslow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Maslow's Hierarchy, which level of needs represents the most fundamental physical requirements for human survival?

<p>Physiological Needs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of experiences are self-actualized people likely to have according to Maslow?

<p>Peak experiences or transcendent moments of tranquility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of Maslow's Hierarchy represents the need for safety, employment, and a stable environment?

<p>Security or Safety Needs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following individuals did Maslow NOT study as an example of a self-actualized person?

<p>Sigmund Freud (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does drive theory emphasize in terms of the role of habits?

<p>Engaging in a behavior that reduces a drive increases the likelihood of future engagement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to drive theory, what results in psychological drive states?

<p>Deviation from homeostasis creating physiological needs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is self-efficacy according to Albert Bandura's theory?

<p>An individual's belief in their own capability to complete a task (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which motivational theory emphasizes the concept of self-actualization?

<p>Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is at the base of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs pyramid?

<p>Physiological Needs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Maslow, what must be achieved before moving on to meet Esteem Needs?

<p>Physiological Needs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level did Maslow propose above self-actualization towards the end of his life?

<p>'Self-transcendence level' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a Growth Orientation involve in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

<p>'Closeness with others' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept did Bandura emphasize in relation to motivating behavior?

<p>The role of cognition and self-efficacy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, what motives are placed at the topmost levels?

<p>Self-actualization and transcendence motives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following is considered a primary motivation?

<p>Hunger (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychological perspective is described as attempting to understand why animals and humans have developed their particular psychological aspects?

<p>Functionalism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key idea behind Drive Theory according to the passage?

<p>The body's tendency to maintain an optimal level or balance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a psychological process affected by drive states like hunger?

<p>Memory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is an example of an instinctual motivation?

<p>Breastfeeding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a drive state according to the passage?

<p>Fatigue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of drive states according to the passage?

<p>To motivate organisms to obtain goals beneficial to survival and reproduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an important contributor to early research on motivation according to the passage?

<p>Sigmund Freud (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the rooting reflex and breastfeeding according to the passage?

<p>The rooting reflex facilitates the instinctual motivation to breastfeed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of drive states as described in the passage?

<p>Learned behaviors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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