51 Questions
Which muscles are primarily responsible for inspiration (inhalation)?
Diaphragm / external intercostal muscles
What is the function of negative intrathoracic pressure in respiration?
Both A and C
What is the volume of air inspired and expired during one breath called?
Tidal volume
Where does the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place in the lungs?
Alveoli
What are the two main systems that control breathing?
Mechanical and chemical
What happens when there is an increase in carbon dioxide levels?
Decrease in pH signals RC to increases the rate and depth of respiration
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
Respiration (exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide)
What are the secondary functions of the respiratory system?
Voice production, body temperature regulation, acid-base balance regulation, sense of smell
How does oxygen diffuse from the alveoli into the blood?
By simple diffusion across the alveolar and capillary walls
What are the fibrous connective tissue bands that vibrate as air passes over them, producing sound?
Vocal folds
Which muscles are responsible for expiration (exhalation)?
Internal intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles
What is the term used to describe the volume of air left in the lungs after maximum expiration?
Residual volume
Where does the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place in the lungs?
Capillaries around the alveoli
What is the function of the pulmonary circulation?
To transport blood to and from the lungs
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
What controls the rate and depth of respiration?
Respiratory center in the medulla oblongata
What is the term used to describe the volume of air inspired and expired during one minute?
Minute volume
A slight lowering of the oxygen levels in the blood can result in a condition called;
Hypoxia
A slight lowering of the oxygen levels in the blood can result in a condition called hypoxia & the RC will
Increase rate and depth so more O2 is taken in
If oxygen levels drop too low the RC neurons become
Depressed and cannot send proper nerve impulses to respiratory muscles, breathing decreases or stops
Pressure within the thorax is positive with respect to the atmospheric pressure
False
Pressure within the thorax is negative with respect to the atmospheric pressure
True
Pleural fluid acts as a
The lungs passively follow movements of the
Two fibrous connective tissue bands (vocal folds) stretch across the _________ __ ___ ________and vibrate as air passes over them producing sound
Breathing is controlled by the __________ __________ area in the medulla oblongata of the __________ (add a comma after the first two words)
Respiration requires _________ movement of _____ into and out of the _______ (add comma after each answer)
Respiration requires appropriate _______ and __________ to meet the body's need for ___________ at any given time (add comma after each answer)
Mechanical system involves
Stretch receptors in the lung that maintain normal, rhythmic resting breathing patterns
Chemical system involves
Receptors in the carotid arteries, aorta (carotid and aortic bodies) and in brainstem
What warms inhaled air
Blood vessels under epithelium in nasal cavity
How does panting cool blood
Via increased evaporation of fluids from nasal passages and mouth
Where are the receptors for smell
In olfactory epithelium high in nasal cavity
How does the respiratory system maintain Acid-base balance
Alters CO2 & thus pH of blood
The pulmonary artery to the lungs _______________________
Divides into right and left arteries
After the pulmonary artery to the lungs divides into left and right arteries the blood vessels
Subdivide to coincide with the bronchial tree
At the capillary level there is a network of capillaries around the alveoli where
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place
At the capillary level there is a ________ ___ ________ around the alveoli where exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place
network of capillaries
Muscles used for respiration are
Voluntary skeletal muscle but does not require conscious effort
Breathing requires conscious effort
False
Oxygen rich blood enters the pulmonary venules which
Lead to larger veins and eventually to pulmonary veins then to LA of the heart
Pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood to the left atrium and then
Through the left AV to the LV and out through the aorta into the systemic circulation
Pulmonary veins carry oxygen-enriched blood to the Left Atrium through the left AV valve to the Left ventricle and out through the aorta and to the systemic circulation to supply the body w/ oxygen for internal respiration
True
Pulmonary veins carry oxygen-enriched blood to the Left Atrium through the left AV valve to the Left ventricle and out through the aorta and to the systemic circulation to supply the body w/ oxygen for external respiration
False
If there is an imbalance
Chemical control system signals RC to adjust the breathing process
Air in the alveoli of the lungs is ________________________________ blood in the capillaries around the alveolar sacs
2 epithelial layers away from
Why does oxygen diffuse across the alveolar and capillary walls into the blood where oxygen concentration is low
Because oxygen levels in the alveoli are high
Because oxygen levels in the alveoli level are high
Oxygen diffuses across the alveolar and capillary walls into the blood where oxygen concentration is low
Respiration requires appropriate _______ and __________ to meet the body's need for ___________ at any given time (add comma after each answer)
Rate, volume, oxygen
Respiration requires _________ movement of _____ into and out of the _______ (add comma after each answer)
Effective, air, lungs
Two fibrous connective tissue bands (vocal folds) stretch across the _______________ and vibrate as air passes over them producing sound
Lumen of the larynx
Test your knowledge on the mechanics of respiration, negative intrathoracic pressure, respiratory volume measurement, pulmonary circulation, gas diffusion at the alveolar level, breathing control mechanisms, and secondary functions of the respiratory system in this quiz.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
