Appetite Chapter 4

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Which of the following senses are most involved in eating and drinking?

Sight and touch

Taste and smell (correct)

Smell and touch

Hearing and touch

What are taste and smell referred to as?

Chemical senses (correct)

Physical senses

Auditory senses

Emotional senses

According to the text, do all individuals taste and smell in the same way?

There is no information provided about this

The text contradicts itself on this topic

Yes, everyone tastes and smells the same way

No, taste and smell preferences vary among individuals (correct)

Which sense is responsible for detecting molecules in the air?

Smell Signup and view all the answers

What is the average person's ability to detect salt in water?

1/3 teaspoon in 1 gallon Signup and view all the answers

How much perfume scent can the average person detect in an average-size house?

One drop Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about taste and smell?

They serve and protect the body in overlapping ways Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following taste primaries indicates a good source of carbohydrates?

Sweet Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following taste primaries is necessary for maintaining the body's proper physiological functioning?

Salt Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the hypothesis that there are specific lines (i.e., neurons) that are labeled for specific tastes?

Labeled line theory Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the hypothesis that the different tastes are coded by a complex pattern of response of many different neurons?

Pattern theory Signup and view all the answers

Which type of papillae have taste cells located on their top surfaces?

Fungiform papillae Signup and view all the answers

What are the openings on the surface of the tongue known as?

Taste pores Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is the first stage in transmission of information from the tongue to the brain cortex?

Chorda tympani nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the chemical derived from the leaves of a plant native to India that affects the taste of sweet substances?

Gymnemic acid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a reason why it is difficult to decipher the coding of taste and smell?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What are taste and odor primaries?

The smallest number of tastes and odors that could be used to describe all other tastes and odors. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a taste primary?

Bitter Signup and view all the answers

What do scientists hope to learn by identifying taste and odor primaries?

The physical processes involved in taste and smell coding. Signup and view all the answers

Which substance selectively decreases the enjoyment of dessert while leaving intact enjoyment of the rest of the meal?

Gymnemic acid Signup and view all the answers

What effect does miracle fruit have on the taste of sour foods?

It makes them taste sweet Signup and view all the answers

What does the adaptation of the tongue to substances in saliva explain?

Why distilled water tastes bitter Signup and view all the answers

What is umami?

The taste of glutamate Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a specific anosmia mentioned in the text?

Sulfurous Signup and view all the answers

What did scientist John E. Amoore believe about the number of odor primaries?

There are many more odor primaries Signup and view all the answers

Where are the cells responsible for detecting odors located?

In the nose Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a food or beverage that the author dislikes due to being a supertaster?

Vegetables Signup and view all the answers

What is the author's preferred temperature for drinking water?

Room temperature Signup and view all the answers

How did the author discover their supertaster status?

Through a taste-testing paper Signup and view all the answers

What is the author's husband's taste sensitivity called?

Nontaster Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical compound found in mosquito repellents that blocks the mosquitoes' odor receptor cells?

DEET Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can cause differences in taste and smell sensitivity among individuals?

Species differences Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the 1986 smell survey conducted by National Geographic?

To investigate differences in odor preferences across countries Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about taste sensitivity in men and women?

Women rate odors as more intense than men Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mucus in the sense of smell?

It enhances the sensitivity of odor receptor cells Signup and view all the answers

How are odors coded in the olfactory system?

By the spatial pattern of activation of neuron groups Signup and view all the answers

Why is it difficult to construct electronic devices that can detect tastes or odors?

Artificial noses can only distinguish a limited set of odors Signup and view all the answers

What recent research on olfaction has been reported?

How the brain detects odors from different locations Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between Liz and Rich?

Liz and Rich had a turbulent courtship Signup and view all the answers

What did Liz initially believe about Rich's picky eating habits?

Rich was egocentric Signup and view all the answers

What led Liz to change her opinion about Rich's food preferences?

Liz learned about the PTC/PROP supertaster pattern Signup and view all the answers

What did the author's friend, Linda Bartoshuk, discuss in her presidential address?

The latest information on supertasters Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential cause for age-related decreases in taste and smell abilities?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of people over the age of 80 have a major olfactory impairment?

Approximately 75% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential implication of age-related decreases in taste and smell abilities?

Increased reflex responses Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between mood and memory for tastes?

Good tastes are easier to remember in a good mood Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential cause for a temporary inability to taste?

Respiratory virus Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the decongestant oxymeta-zoline have on the ability to smell in participants with a cold?

Had no effect on smell Signup and view all the answers

What did Linda Bartoshuk suggest was the cause of Raymond D. Fowler's taste problem?

Respiratory virus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organizations can provide assistance for someone with a possible taste or smell abnormality?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What role do taste and smell play in eating and drinking?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the main takeaway from this chapter?

We live in a world richly populated by food tastes and odors Signup and view all the answers

Appetite Chapter 4

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following senses are most involved in eating and drinking?

What are taste and smell referred to as?

According to the text, do all individuals taste and smell in the same way?

Which sense is responsible for detecting molecules in the air?

What is the average person's ability to detect salt in water?

How much perfume scent can the average person detect in an average-size house?

Which of the following is true about taste and smell?

Which of the following taste primaries indicates a good source of carbohydrates?

Which of the following taste primaries is necessary for maintaining the body's proper physiological functioning?

What is the term used to describe the hypothesis that there are specific lines (i.e., neurons) that are labeled for specific tastes?

What is the term used to describe the hypothesis that the different tastes are coded by a complex pattern of response of many different neurons?

Which type of papillae have taste cells located on their top surfaces?

What are the openings on the surface of the tongue known as?

Which nerve is the first stage in transmission of information from the tongue to the brain cortex?

What is the name of the chemical derived from the leaves of a plant native to India that affects the taste of sweet substances?

Which of the following is a reason why it is difficult to decipher the coding of taste and smell?

What are taste and odor primaries?

Which of the following is NOT a taste primary?

What do scientists hope to learn by identifying taste and odor primaries?

Which substance selectively decreases the enjoyment of dessert while leaving intact enjoyment of the rest of the meal?

What effect does miracle fruit have on the taste of sour foods?

What does the adaptation of the tongue to substances in saliva explain?

What is umami?

Which of the following is a specific anosmia mentioned in the text?

What did scientist John E. Amoore believe about the number of odor primaries?

Where are the cells responsible for detecting odors located?

Which of the following is NOT a food or beverage that the author dislikes due to being a supertaster?

What is the author's preferred temperature for drinking water?

How did the author discover their supertaster status?

What is the author's husband's taste sensitivity called?

What is the chemical compound found in mosquito repellents that blocks the mosquitoes' odor receptor cells?

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can cause differences in taste and smell sensitivity among individuals?

What was the purpose of the 1986 smell survey conducted by National Geographic?

Which of the following statements is true about taste sensitivity in men and women?

What is the role of mucus in the sense of smell?

How are odors coded in the olfactory system?

Why is it difficult to construct electronic devices that can detect tastes or odors?

What recent research on olfaction has been reported?

Which of the following best describes the relationship between Liz and Rich?

What did Liz initially believe about Rich's picky eating habits?

What led Liz to change her opinion about Rich's food preferences?

What did the author's friend, Linda Bartoshuk, discuss in her presidential address?

Which of the following is a potential cause for age-related decreases in taste and smell abilities?

What percentage of people over the age of 80 have a major olfactory impairment?

Which of the following is NOT a potential implication of age-related decreases in taste and smell abilities?

What is the relationship between mood and memory for tastes?

Which of the following is a potential cause for a temporary inability to taste?

What effect did the decongestant oxymeta-zoline have on the ability to smell in participants with a cold?

What did Linda Bartoshuk suggest was the cause of Raymond D. Fowler's taste problem?

Which of the following organizations can provide assistance for someone with a possible taste or smell abnormality?

What role do taste and smell play in eating and drinking?

What is the main takeaway from this chapter?

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