The Lymphatic and Immune System Chapter 21.1 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Where are lymphoid nodules typically found?

  • Kidneys and liver
  • Brain and spinal cord
  • Muscles and bones
  • Respiratory and digestive tracts (correct)

    • What is the function of tonsils in the immune system?

  • Producing red blood cells
  • Regulating body temperature
  • Developing immunity to oral pathogens (correct)
  • Filtering toxins from the blood

    • Which organ is known as the 'filter of the Blood'?

  • Spleen (correct)
  • Pancreas
  • Gallbladder
  • Thyroid

    • What type of cells are present in lymph nodes to kill pathogens?

    <p>Dendritic cells and macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do afferent lymphatic vessels do in relation to lymph nodes?

    <p>Enter the lymph node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)?

    <p>Lymphoid follicles on GI tract, breast tissue, lungs, and eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune response is slower to develop but highly specific and effective at attacking a wide variety of pathogens?

    <p>Adaptive immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the lymphatic system's function?

    <p>It filters pathogens from the blood and returns excess fluid to the bloodstream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of natural killer cells in the immune system?

    <p>Inducing apoptosis in infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about lymph nodes is true?

    <p>Lymph nodes are major staging areas for the development of critical immune responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein puts holes in the membranes of infected cells?

    <p>Perforin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the structure of lymphatic vessels is correct?

    <p>Lymphatic capillaries are composed of simple squamous epithelial cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What signaling molecule allows nearby cells to communicate in the immune system?

    <p>Cytokine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the immune system's defense mechanisms?

    <p>Humoral immune response, mediated by antibodies produced by plasma cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which innate immune cell is attracted via chemotaxis and acts like reinforcements?

    <p>Neutrophil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about leukocytes is correct?

    <p>Granular leukocytes mediate immune responses against parasites and pathogens like bacteria and viruses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immunity involves lymphoid follicles on the bronchi effective against inhaled pathogens?

    <p>BALT immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about B cells is correct?

    <p>B cells produce plasma cells that secrete antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathway forms pores in the plasma membrane as part of the complement system in the immune response?

    <p>Classic pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers vasodilation and increased capillary permeability during an inflammatory response?

    <p>Histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells become effective against virally infected cells by releasing the Fas ligand or perforins?

    <p>Natural killer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immunity is continuously working and includes skin, sweat, and normal flora as key components?

    <p>Innate immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Helper T cells?

    <p>Regulate activity of macrophages and other T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Cytotoxic T cells?

    <p>Kill target cells by inducing apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immunity is resistance to a pathogen that is acquired?

    <p>Active immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibody class is mainly associated with allergic reactions and anaphylaxis?

    <p>IgE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of IgA antibodies?

    <p>Secreted form protects mucosal surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type is responsible for flushing out parasites after being labeled by IgE?

    <p>Eosinophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism through which cytotoxic T cells kill target cells?

    <p>Inducing apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do B cells recognize antigens compared to T cells?

    <p>Without requiring antigen presenting cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of memory B cells?

    <p>React like memory T cells upon re-exposure to antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Regulatory T cells in the immune system?

    <p>Suppress other T cell immune responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the HIV virus that makes developing a vaccine challenging?

    <p>It replicates rapidly, leading to a high mutation rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a Type 3 hypersensitivity reaction, where do antigen-antibody complexes accumulate, causing inflammation?

    <p>Along the lining of blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by a rapid response involving mast cell degranulation and is treated with antihistamines and epinephrine?

    <p>Type 1 (Immediate)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of organ transplantation, what is the significance of matching MHC alleles between the donor and recipient?

    <p>It ensures the recipient's immune system does not reject the transplanted organ.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential reason for the lower incidence of autoimmune diseases in countries with high rates of infectious diseases?

    <p>The immune system is preoccupied with fighting infectious pathogens, reducing the likelihood of autoimmune responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of cancer that involves the immune system?

    <p>Infiltration of T cells into the tumor microenvironment can indicate a poor prognosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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