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Questions and Answers
Which side of the heart does the pulmonary circulation move blood from and to?
Which side of the heart does the pulmonary circulation move blood from and to?
Which side of the heart does the systemic circulation move blood from and to?
Which side of the heart does the systemic circulation move blood from and to?
Where are capillary beds positioned in relation to arteries and veins?
Where are capillary beds positioned in relation to arteries and veins?
In which type of circulation does oxygenated blood flow in arteries?
In which type of circulation does oxygenated blood flow in arteries?
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In which type of circulation does deoxygenated blood flow in veins?
In which type of circulation does deoxygenated blood flow in veins?
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Which tunic of arteries and veins enables vasoconstriction and vasodilation?
Which tunic of arteries and veins enables vasoconstriction and vasodilation?
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Which of the following statements about hypertension is true?
Which of the following statements about hypertension is true?
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What is the function of the pulmonary circulation?
What is the function of the pulmonary circulation?
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Which artery supplies the right side of the head and neck?
Which artery supplies the right side of the head and neck?
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Where does the majority of cranial venous blood drain into?
Where does the majority of cranial venous blood drain into?
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Which artery supplies blood to the fingers?
Which artery supplies blood to the fingers?
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What does the aortic arch become after curving towards the left side of the body?
What does the aortic arch become after curving towards the left side of the body?
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Which type of blood vessel has a wide lumen and valves to prevent backflow of blood?
Which type of blood vessel has a wide lumen and valves to prevent backflow of blood?
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Which type of artery is responsible for distributing blood to body organs and tissues?
Which type of artery is responsible for distributing blood to body organs and tissues?
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Which type of capillary has pores in each endothelial cell to enable fluid transport between blood and interstitial tissue?
Which type of capillary has pores in each endothelial cell to enable fluid transport between blood and interstitial tissue?
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Which factor aids in the return of blood back into the heart by squeezing veins and forcing blood through?
Which factor aids in the return of blood back into the heart by squeezing veins and forcing blood through?
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What is the term for the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on artery walls, which can restrict blood flow?
What is the term for the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on artery walls, which can restrict blood flow?
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What are twisted, enlarged veins called?
What are twisted, enlarged veins called?
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Which vein connects the cephalic and basilic veins and is the usual site for blood donations or samples?
Which vein connects the cephalic and basilic veins and is the usual site for blood donations or samples?
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Which artery supplies most of the small intestine, pancreas, and proximal large intestine?
Which artery supplies most of the small intestine, pancreas, and proximal large intestine?
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Which vein drains blood from the stomach?
Which vein drains blood from the stomach?
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Which artery supplies the anterior lower leg?
Which artery supplies the anterior lower leg?
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Which vein drains into the femoral vein?
Which vein drains into the femoral vein?
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Which vein curves to the anterior thigh and becomes the femoral vein?
Which vein curves to the anterior thigh and becomes the femoral vein?
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Which blood vessel carries approximately one-third of the blood directly to the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver in fetal circulation?
Which blood vessel carries approximately one-third of the blood directly to the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver in fetal circulation?
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What is the remnant of the ductus venosus after it closes?
What is the remnant of the ductus venosus after it closes?
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What is the opening between the right and left atria that allows most blood to skip the pulmonary circulation in fetal circulation?
What is the opening between the right and left atria that allows most blood to skip the pulmonary circulation in fetal circulation?
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What is the remnant of the foramen ovale after it closes?
What is the remnant of the foramen ovale after it closes?
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What is the connection between the pulmonary artery and aorta that allows blood to bypass the lungs in fetal circulation?
What is the connection between the pulmonary artery and aorta that allows blood to bypass the lungs in fetal circulation?
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What is the remnant of the ductus arteriosus after it closes?
What is the remnant of the ductus arteriosus after it closes?
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True or false: Arteries have a wide lumen and valves to prevent backflow of blood?
True or false: Arteries have a wide lumen and valves to prevent backflow of blood?
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True or false: Capillaries have three tunics (layers) surrounding the lumen?
True or false: Capillaries have three tunics (layers) surrounding the lumen?
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True or false: Skeletal muscle pump aids in the return of blood back into the heart?
True or false: Skeletal muscle pump aids in the return of blood back into the heart?
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True or false: Atherosclerosis refers to the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on artery walls?
True or false: Atherosclerosis refers to the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on artery walls?
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True or false: Varicose veins are a mild form of twisted, enlarged veins?
True or false: Varicose veins are a mild form of twisted, enlarged veins?
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True or false: Muscular arteries conduct blood from the heart to smaller arteries?
True or false: Muscular arteries conduct blood from the heart to smaller arteries?
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True or false: The pulmonary circulation moves blood from the left side of the heart to the head and body.
True or false: The pulmonary circulation moves blood from the left side of the heart to the head and body.
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True or false: Oxygenated blood flows in arteries while deoxygenated blood flows in veins in the systemic circulation.
True or false: Oxygenated blood flows in arteries while deoxygenated blood flows in veins in the systemic circulation.
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True or false: The walls of arteries and veins have 4 tunics (layers) that surround the lumen.
True or false: The walls of arteries and veins have 4 tunics (layers) that surround the lumen.
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True or false: The tunica media of arteries and veins is made up of layers of smooth muscle that enables vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
True or false: The tunica media of arteries and veins is made up of layers of smooth muscle that enables vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
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True or false: In the pulmonary circulation, deoxygenated blood flows in veins.
True or false: In the pulmonary circulation, deoxygenated blood flows in veins.
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True or false: Capillary beds are positioned between the arteries and veins and perform gas exchange.
True or false: Capillary beds are positioned between the arteries and veins and perform gas exchange.
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True or false: As we age, the elasticity of the heart increases.
True or false: As we age, the elasticity of the heart increases.
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True or false: Hypertension is often referred to as the 'silent killer' because it has obvious symptoms.
True or false: Hypertension is often referred to as the 'silent killer' because it has obvious symptoms.
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True or false: Pulmonary circulation starts at the pulmonary trunk and ends at the pulmonary veins.
True or false: Pulmonary circulation starts at the pulmonary trunk and ends at the pulmonary veins.
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True or false: The ascending aorta becomes the aortic arch after curving towards the right side of the body.
True or false: The ascending aorta becomes the aortic arch after curving towards the right side of the body.
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True or false: The common carotid artery supplies the internal skull structures.
True or false: The common carotid artery supplies the internal skull structures.
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True or false: The majority of cranial venous blood is drained by the external jugular vein.
True or false: The majority of cranial venous blood is drained by the external jugular vein.
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True or false: The median cubital vein connects the femoral and popliteal veins.
True or false: The median cubital vein connects the femoral and popliteal veins.
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True or false: The hepatic portal system receives blood and nutrients from different parts of the GI tract and sends them through the liver for detoxification.
True or false: The hepatic portal system receives blood and nutrients from different parts of the GI tract and sends them through the liver for detoxification.
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True or false: The fibular artery supplies the anterior lower leg.
True or false: The fibular artery supplies the anterior lower leg.
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True or false: The great saphenous vein drains into the femoral vein.
True or false: The great saphenous vein drains into the femoral vein.
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True or false: The anterior and posterior tibial veins merge into the popliteal vein.
True or false: The anterior and posterior tibial veins merge into the popliteal vein.
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True or false: The femoral vein becomes the external iliac vein below the inguinal ligament.
True or false: The femoral vein becomes the external iliac vein below the inguinal ligament.
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True or false: Fetal blood and maternal blood mix in the placenta.
True or false: Fetal blood and maternal blood mix in the placenta.
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True or false: The umbilical vein carries deoxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus.
True or false: The umbilical vein carries deoxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus.
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True or false: The ductus arteriosus is a connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta.
True or false: The ductus arteriosus is a connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta.
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True or false: After birth, the umbilical arteries become the medial umbilical ligaments.
True or false: After birth, the umbilical arteries become the medial umbilical ligaments.
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True or false: The foramen ovale is an opening between the right and left ventricles of the heart.
True or false: The foramen ovale is an opening between the right and left ventricles of the heart.
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True or false: The remnant of the ductus venosus after it closes is known as the ligamentum venosum.
True or false: The remnant of the ductus venosus after it closes is known as the ligamentum venosum.
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Study Notes
Blood Circulation
- Pulmonary circulation moves blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart.
- Systemic circulation moves blood from the left side of the heart to the rest of the body and back to the right side of the heart.
Capillary Beds
- Positioned between arteries and veins, allowing for gas exchange.
Arteries and Veins
- Tunica media enables vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
- Arteries have a narrow lumen and no valves.
- Veins have a wider lumen and valves to prevent backflow of blood.
Circulation Types
- Oxygenated blood flows in arteries in the systemic circulation.
- Deoxygenated blood flows in veins in the systemic circulation.
- Oxygenated blood flows in veins in the pulmonary circulation.
- Deoxygenated blood flows in arteries in the pulmonary circulation.
Heart and Blood Vessels
- Pulmonary circulation's function is to oxygenate blood.
- Right side of the head and neck are supplied by the external carotid artery.
- Majority of cranial venous blood drains into the internal jugular vein.
- Fingers are supplied by the radial and ulnar arteries.
- Aortic arch becomes the descending aorta after curving towards the left side of the body.
Blood Vessel Types
- Distributive arteries distribute blood to body organs and tissues.
- Fenestrated capillaries have pores in each endothelial cell for fluid transport.
Blood Flow and Pressure
- Skeletal muscle pump aids in the return of blood back into the heart.
- Atherosclerosis is the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on artery walls.
- Varicose veins are twisted, enlarged veins.
- Median cubital vein connects the cephalic and basilic veins and is used for blood donations or samples.
Fetal Circulation
- Ductus venosus carries approximately one-third of the blood directly to the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver.
- Foramen ovale is an opening between the right and left atria, allowing most blood to skip the pulmonary circulation.
- Ductus arteriosus is a connection between the pulmonary artery and aorta, allowing blood to bypass the lungs.
True or False
- False: Arteries have a wide lumen and valves to prevent backflow of blood.
- False: Capillaries have three tunics (layers) surrounding the lumen.
- True: Skeletal muscle pump aids in the return of blood back into the heart.
- True: Atherosclerosis refers to the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on artery walls.
- False: Varicose veins are a mild form of twisted, enlarged veins.
- False: Muscular arteries conduct blood from the heart to smaller arteries.
- False: The pulmonary circulation moves blood from the left side of the heart to the head and body.
- True: Oxygenated blood flows in arteries while deoxygenated blood flows in veins in the systemic circulation.
- False: The walls of arteries and veins have 4 tunics (layers) that surround the lumen.
- True: The tunica media of arteries and veins is made up of layers of smooth muscle that enables vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
- False: In the pulmonary circulation, deoxygenated blood flows in veins.
- True: Capillary beds are positioned between the arteries and veins and perform gas exchange.
- False: As we age, the elasticity of the heart increases.
- True: Hypertension is often referred to as the 'silent killer' because it has no obvious symptoms.
- True: Pulmonary circulation starts at the pulmonary trunk and ends at the pulmonary veins.
- False: The ascending aorta becomes the aortic arch after curving towards the right side of the body.
- False: The common carotid artery supplies the internal skull structures.
- False: The majority of cranial venous blood is drained by the external jugular vein.
- False: The median cubital vein connects the femoral and popliteal veins.
- True: The hepatic portal system receives blood and nutrients from different parts of the GI tract and sends them through the liver for detoxification.
- False: The fibular artery supplies the anterior lower leg.
- True: The great saphenous vein drains into the femoral vein.
- True: The anterior and posterior tibial veins merge into the popliteal vein.
- True: The femoral vein becomes the external iliac vein below the inguinal ligament.
- False: Fetal blood and maternal blood mix in the placenta.
- False: The umbilical vein carries deoxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus.
- True: The ductus arteriosus is a connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta.
- True: After birth, the umbilical arteries become the medial umbilical ligaments.
- True: The foramen ovale is an opening between the right and left atria.
- True: The remnant of the ductus venosus after it closes is known as the ligamentum venosum.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the clinical anatomy of aging and hypertension. Learn about the changes that occur in the heart as we age, including the replacement of connective tissue with fat and the decrease in elasticity. Explore how these changes affect the heart's efficiency and ability to respond to stress.
