Podcast
Questions and Answers
Why is it crucial to store chloroform water in light-resistant bottles?
Why is it crucial to store chloroform water in light-resistant bottles?
- To maintain the carminative properties of the solution.
- To enhance the flavor of the chloroform water over time.
- To inhibit the oxidation of chloroform into phosgene, a poisonous gas. (correct)
- To prevent the chloroform from dissolving the plastic of the bottle.
A pharmacist needs to prepare 100ml of chloroform water. If the original formula uses 2.5ml of chloroform liquid per 1000ml of water, what quantity of chloroform liquid is required for the new preparation?
A pharmacist needs to prepare 100ml of chloroform water. If the original formula uses 2.5ml of chloroform liquid per 1000ml of water, what quantity of chloroform liquid is required for the new preparation?
- $25 \text{ ml}$
- $0.025 \text{ ml}$
- $0.25 \text{ ml}$ (correct)
- $2.5 \text{ ml}$
What is the primary purpose of chloroform water in a pharmaceutical preparation, based on the information provided?
What is the primary purpose of chloroform water in a pharmaceutical preparation, based on the information provided?
- An active ingredient to treat specific ailments.
- A vehicle to carry other medicinal ingredients. (correct)
- A mild expectorant to ease cough.
- A preservative to extend shelf life.
On a dispensed medicine label, which of the following is NOT explicitly mentioned as a required piece of information?
On a dispensed medicine label, which of the following is NOT explicitly mentioned as a required piece of information?
What does a red label on a dispensed medicine typically indicate?
What does a red label on a dispensed medicine typically indicate?
Which characteristic is NOT a typical attribute of aromatic waters as defined by the British Pharmacopoeia?
Which characteristic is NOT a typical attribute of aromatic waters as defined by the British Pharmacopoeia?
Why is the distillation method not typically used for preparing aromatic waters in a pharmacy setting?
Why is the distillation method not typically used for preparing aromatic waters in a pharmacy setting?
Which aromatic water is often utilized in eye drops for its refreshing qualities?
Which aromatic water is often utilized in eye drops for its refreshing qualities?
In concentrated aromatic waters, what is the role of alcohol?
In concentrated aromatic waters, what is the role of alcohol?
A patient requires an expectorant containing chloroform water. What is the typical dose range a pharmacist should consider?
A patient requires an expectorant containing chloroform water. What is the typical dose range a pharmacist should consider?
A cosmetic company is formulating an aftershave lotion. Which aromatic water would be most suitable for its astringent and perfuming properties?
A cosmetic company is formulating an aftershave lotion. Which aromatic water would be most suitable for its astringent and perfuming properties?
A pharmacist needs to prepare a simple aromatic water. What is a critical consideration regarding the solvent they should use?
A pharmacist needs to prepare a simple aromatic water. What is a critical consideration regarding the solvent they should use?
A manufacturer wants to produce stronger rose water on a large scale. Which method is essential for its preparation?
A manufacturer wants to produce stronger rose water on a large scale. Which method is essential for its preparation?
In the distillation method for preparing aromatic waters, what is the primary purpose of carefully distilling most of the water?
In the distillation method for preparing aromatic waters, what is the primary purpose of carefully distilling most of the water?
In the dilution method for preparing aromatic waters, what is the role of the 90% alcohol in the final product?
In the dilution method for preparing aromatic waters, what is the role of the 90% alcohol in the final product?
In the peppermint aromatic water preparation, why is only two-thirds of the calculated distilled water initially added before filtration?
In the peppermint aromatic water preparation, why is only two-thirds of the calculated distilled water initially added before filtration?
What is the function of talc powder in the preparation of peppermint aromatic water using the dilution method?
What is the function of talc powder in the preparation of peppermint aromatic water using the dilution method?
In the simple dissolution method, why is the mixture of volatile oil and distilled water allowed to stand for 12 hours before filtration?
In the simple dissolution method, why is the mixture of volatile oil and distilled water allowed to stand for 12 hours before filtration?
In the preparation of camphor water, what is the purpose of dissolving camphor crystals in alcohol before adding distilled water?
In the preparation of camphor water, what is the purpose of dissolving camphor crystals in alcohol before adding distilled water?
If you need to prepare 50 ml of camphor water using the provided formula (1g camphor crystals, 2ml 90% alcohol, Q.S. to 1000ml distilled water), how much camphor crystals and 90% alcohol do you need?
If you need to prepare 50 ml of camphor water using the provided formula (1g camphor crystals, 2ml 90% alcohol, Q.S. to 1000ml distilled water), how much camphor crystals and 90% alcohol do you need?
Besides acting as a vehicle, what is another primary use of camphor water in pharmaceutical preparations?
Besides acting as a vehicle, what is another primary use of camphor water in pharmaceutical preparations?
Flashcards
Aromatic Waters
Aromatic Waters
Clear, saturated aqueous solutions of volatile oils or aromatic substances, used for flavoring, pharmaceutical purposes, or as a vehicle.
Qualities of Aromatic Waters
Qualities of Aromatic Waters
Odor and taste similar to source substances; colorless, clear, free of particles and sediment; should be fresh.
Examples of Aromatic Waters
Examples of Aromatic Waters
Peppermint water (carminative/vehicle), Chloroform water (expectorant), Rose water (perfume), Hamamelis water (astringent/cosmetic), Camphor water (eye drops).
Simple Aromatic Water
Simple Aromatic Water
Signup and view all the flashcards
Concentrated Aromatic Water
Concentrated Aromatic Water
Signup and view all the flashcards
Methods of Preparation
Methods of Preparation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Distillation method
Distillation method
Signup and view all the flashcards
Aromatic waters requiring distillation.
Aromatic waters requiring distillation.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Flavor in Pharmaceuticals
Flavor in Pharmaceuticals
Signup and view all the flashcards
Carminative
Carminative
Signup and view all the flashcards
Mild Expectorant
Mild Expectorant
Signup and view all the flashcards
Uses of Chloroform Water
Uses of Chloroform Water
Signup and view all the flashcards
Medicine Label Colors
Medicine Label Colors
Signup and view all the flashcards
Dilution Method
Dilution Method
Signup and view all the flashcards
Volatile Oil Solubility
Volatile Oil Solubility
Signup and view all the flashcards
Why is alcohol 90% used?
Why is alcohol 90% used?
Signup and view all the flashcards
Simple Dissolve Method
Simple Dissolve Method
Signup and view all the flashcards
Talc Powder Function
Talc Powder Function
Signup and view all the flashcards
Camphor Water
Camphor Water
Signup and view all the flashcards
Camphor Water Uses
Camphor Water Uses
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
- Aromatic waters presented by ph.Rawaa Fathel Abbas
Definition
- Aromatic waters are clear, saturated aqueous solutions of volatile oils or other aromatic volatile substances, according to the British Pharmacopoeia (BP)
- Aromatic waters are for flavoring purposes
- Aromatic waters can be used for pharmaceutical purposes
- Aromatic waters can be used as a vehicle
Description of Aromatic Waters
- Aromatic waters should have similar odor and taste to their source substances
- Aromatic waters should always be colorless, clear, and free from fibers, particles, & sediment
- Aromatic waters should not be used after being stored for more than a few weeks
- Aromatic waters should also be free from foreign odors
- They exhibit a low therapeutic effect
Examples of Aromatic Waters
- Aromatic waters from essential oils like peppermint water have been used as carminatives and vehicles
- Chloroform water was used in expectorant preparations at a dose of 5-15ml
- Rose water is used as a perfume
- Hamamelis water (witch hazel) is commonly used as a rub, astringent, and perfume in aftershave lotions and other cosmetic products
- Camphor water is frequently used in eye drops for its refreshing properties
- Other uses of camphor include soothing cough and eye irritation
Peppermint Oil and Waters
Rose Water
Camphor Water and Ointment
Hamamelis Waters
Hamamelis Water Preparations
- The preparations contain 12.5% v/v of Hamamelis water and 0.01% w/v of naphazoline
- The water provides temporary relief of eye redness from minor eye irritations
Types of Aromatic Water
- Simple aromatic water uses purified water as a solvent
- Does not contain alcohol
- Mainly used as a vehicle
- Chloroform water is an example
- Concentrated aromatic water uses alcohol as a solvent for the volatile component
- Water helps dilute and make the aromatic water
- It is used both as a vehicle and for therapeutic uses
- Camphor water BP and Conc. Anise are examples
Methods of Preparation
- Distillation
- Dilution
- Simple method
Preparation Of Aromatic Waters By Distillation
- Most aromatic waters are prepared by distillation
- Using distillation is not practical or economical in most cases because other methods are low cost & require simple apparatus
- Aromatic waters prepared directly from fresh plant material cannot be prepared by methods other than distillation
- Examples include stronger rose water, orange flower water, and Hamamelis water
- Method consists of placing the odoriferous portion of the plant in a suitable still with sufficient purified water and then distilling most of the water, carefully
- The excess oil is separated form the distillate
- The resulting aqueous phase may require further clarification
Preparation Of Aromatic Waters By Dilution
- The process involves 1 part concentration aromatic water + 39 parts distilled water +1.5% alcohol 90%
- Concentrated aromatic water is used because volatile oil is poorly soluble in water but freely soluble in alcohol 90%; talc can be used to increase solubility
- 39 parts of distilled water are added to make saturated aromatic substances ion water
- 1.5% alcohol 90% is used to help mix concentration aromatic water with distilled water
Peppermint Concentrated Water
- Peppermint oil: 20ml
- Alcohol 90%: 600ml
- Distilled water (Q.S. to): 1000ml
- Mitt: 20 ml
- Used to prepare peppermint aromatic water
Peppermint Aromatic Water Preparation Calculation
- Factor = 20/1000 = 1/50
- Peppermint oil = 20ml X 1/50 = 0.4 ml
- Alcohol 90% =600ml X 1/50 = 12 ml
- Distilled water = 1000 ml X 1/50 = 20 ml
- 2/3 of vehicle = (20-12.4) X (2/3) =5 ml
Procedure for Aromatic Water
- Measure 0.4ml of peppermint oil and dissolve in 12 ml of alcohol
- Gradually add 2/3 quantity of vehicle (5 ml) with well stirring
- Add 1 gm of talc powder with continuous mixing for 15 min
- Filtration
- Complete the volume with remainder of distilled water
Preparation Of Aromatic Waters By Simple Dissolve Method
- Involves 1 part of oil + 500 parts of distilled water, which is left for 12 hours and then filtered
- Volatile oil is poorly soluble in water but freely soluble in alcohol 90%, and talc can be used to increase solubility
Camphor Water Recipe
- Camphor crystals: 1gm
- Alcohol 90%: 2ml
- Distilled water (Q.S to): 1000ml
- Mitt 100 ml
Camphor Water Calculation
- Factor=100/1000 = 1/10
- Camphor crystals = 1gm X 1/10 = 0.1 gm
- Alcohol 90% = 2ml X 1/10 =0.2ml
- Distilled water Q.S to =1000 ml X 1/10 =100 ml
- Talc powder is an insoluble substance used as a filter aid because it adsorbs excess oil, reduces turbidity, and acts as a distributing agent
Procedure for Camphor Water
- Grind camphor crystal by using mortar and then weigh the required quantity of camphor
- Solve in to measured volume of alcohol 90% with stirring
- Add distilled water to complete the final volume with very good mixing
- Camphor water is used as vehicle, flavor, carminative, and mild expectorant
Chloroform Water
- Chloroform liquid: 2.5 ml
- Distilled water (Q.S to): 1000 ml
- Mitt: 100 ml
- Chloroform water is used as vehicle, flavor, and preservative
Chloroform Calculation
- Factor =100/1000 = 1/10
- Chloroform liquid = 2.5 ml X 1/10 = 0.25 ml
- Distilled water Q.S to = 1000 ml X 1/10 = 100 ml
Procedure for Chloroform
- Measure chloroform liquid by measured cylinder
- Add drop by drop to beaker contain measured volume of water with agitation and stirring until the addition all quantity of water
Storage
- Store in light-resistant (amber-colored) bottles
- Because light causes chloroform oxidize to the poisonous gas "phosgene": CHCl3 + O2 → COCl₂ + HCl
Important Notes for Labels on Dispensed Medicine
- Name of prescription
- Manufacture and expiration date
- Provide clear instructions on how to take or use the preparation
- Storage conditions
- Patient's name
- Pharmacy name and address
Colors of Labels
- A white label is for internal use
- A red label is for external use
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
