Tetracyclines

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Questions and Answers

What is the main mechanism of action of tetracyclines?

Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis

Inhibit folic acid synthesis

Inhibit DNA gyrase

Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosome (correct)

Which metallic ions do tetracyclines bind to form insoluble complexes?

Sodium, potassium, and iron

Lead, mercury, and cadmium

Zinc, copper, and nickel

Calcium, magnesium, and aluminum (correct)

Against which types of organisms are tetracyclines effective?

Virus, fungi, helminths

Gram negative, helminths, fungi

Gram negative, gram positive, protozoans (correct)

Gram positive, virus, protozoans

What is the most common drug in the tetracycline class?

Doxycycline (Doryx) Signup and view all the answers

What are the indications for using tetracyclines?

Skin/Acne, GI/GU infections, Respiratory infections, Tick/bug infections Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant adverse effect of tetracyclines related to calcium?

Discoloration of permanent teeth and tooth enamel in fetuses and children Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism of action of tetracyclines?

Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosome Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant adverse effect of tetracyclines related to calcium?

Discoloration of permanent teeth and tooth enamel in fetuses and children Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided while taking tetracyclines due to chelation and drug-binding that occurs?

Milk products, iron preparations, antacids, and other dairy products Signup and view all the answers

Which infections are indicated for the use of tetracyclines?

Skin/Acne, GI/GU infections, Respiratory infections, Tick/bug infections Signup and view all the answers

What alteration in intestinal flora may result from taking tetracyclines?

Superinfection (overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms such as Candida) Signup and view all the answers

What is a nursing implication related to tetracyclines and sunlight exposure?

Avoid sunlight and tanning beds due to photosensitivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common indication for using doxycycline (Vibramycin)?

Skin/Acne Signup and view all the answers

What is the significant adverse effect of tetracyclines related to calcium in fetuses, children, or nursing infants?

Discoloration of permanent teeth and tooth enamel Signup and view all the answers

Which metallic ions do tetracyclines bind to form insoluble complexes?

Calcium and magnesium Signup and view all the answers

What alteration in intestinal flora may result from taking tetracyclines?

Overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms such as Candida Signup and view all the answers

What is the nursing implication related to tetracyclines and sunlight exposure?

Warn against sunlight and tanning bed exposure Signup and view all the answers

Against which types of organisms are tetracyclines effective?

Both gram-negative and gram-positive Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Mechanism of Action and Pharmacology

Tetracyclines work by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria.
They bind to metallic ions, such as calcium, magnesium, and iron, to form insoluble complexes.
This binding leads to chelation and drug-binding, which can affect absorption and efficacy.

Spectrum of Activity

Tetracyclines are effective against a wide range of bacteria, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as some protozoa and rickettsiae.

Indications and Uses

The most common drug in the tetracycline class is doxycycline (Vibramycin).
Tetracyclines are indicated for treating a variety of infections, including urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, and sexually transmitted infections.
Doxycycline is commonly used to treat acne, rosacea, and Lyme disease.

Adverse Effects

A significant adverse effect of tetracyclines is related to calcium, as they can bind to calcium and lead to skeletal and dental deformities in fetuses, children, and nursing infants.
Tetracyclines can also cause superinfections, which can lead to alterations in intestinal flora.
Patients taking tetracyclines should avoid taking antacids, calcium supplements, and iron preparations, as they can reduce the absorption of the antibiotic.

Nursing Implications

Tetracyclines can increase the risk of photosensitivity, so patients should avoid sunlight exposure and use sunscreen and protective clothing.
Nurses should monitor patients for signs of superinfection, such as diarrhea or vaginal itching, and report any changes to the healthcare provider.

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Description

Test your knowledge of tetracyclines and their properties with this quiz. Explore their mechanism of action, interactions with metallic ions, and effectiveness against different types of bacteria and protozoans. This quiz also covers common drugs like doxycycline and their indications for use in medical conditions such as skin/acne, GI/GU infections, and respiratory infections.