24 Questions
What is a telomere?
A region at the end of chromosomes
What are telomeres made of?
Repetitive sequences of non-coding DNA
Why is replication at the chromosome end (telomere) always a problem in somatic cells?
Due to the end replication problem in the lagging strand
What removes all the RNA primers during end replication in somatic cells?
RNase H & flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1)
What fills the gap created by the removal of RNA primers during end replication in somatic cells?
Polymerase e (epsilon)
Why can't the gap created at the 5' end of the lagging strand be filled with DNA by polymerase during end replication in somatic cells?
Absence of primer necessary for the polymerase to synthesize complementary DNA from the template strand
What creates a permanent gap (overhangs) in somatic cells during end replication?
Absence of primer necessary for the polymerase to synthesize complementary DNA from the template strand
Which cells can fill the final gap created at the 5' end of the lagging strand during end replication?
Germ, stem & cancer cells
What helps in synthesizing telomeric repeat (AGGGTT) DNA at the end of the lagging strand in germ, stem & cancer cells?
Telomerase
What is the function of RNase H during end replication in somatic cells?
Removes RNA primers
What is the function of flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) during end replication in somatic cells?
Removes RNA primers
What is the function of telomerase in germ, stem & cancer cells?
Helps in synthesizing telomeric repeat (AGGGTT) DNA at the end of the lagging strand
What is a telomere?
A region at the end of chromosomes
What are telomeres made of?
Repetitive sequences of non-coding DNA
Why is replication at the chromosome end (telomere) always a problem in somatic cells?
Due to the end replication problem in the lagging strand
What removes all the RNA primers during end replication in somatic cells?
RNase H & flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1)
What fills the gap created by the removal of RNA primers during end replication in somatic cells?
Polymerase e (epsilon)
Why can't the gap created at the 5' end of the lagging strand be filled with DNA by polymerase during end replication in somatic cells?
Absence of primer necessary for the polymerase to synthesize complementary DNA from the template strand
What creates a permanent gap (overhangs) in somatic cells during end replication?
Absence of primer necessary for the polymerase to synthesize complementary DNA from the template strand
Which cells can fill the final gap created at the 5' end of the lagging strand during end replication?
Germ, stem & cancer cells
What helps in synthesizing telomeric repeat (AGGGTT) DNA at the end of the lagging strand in germ, stem & cancer cells?
Telomerase
What is the function of RNase H during end replication in somatic cells?
Removes RNA primers
What is the function of flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) during end replication in somatic cells?
Removes RNA primers
What is the function of telomerase in germ, stem & cancer cells?
Helps in synthesizing telomeric repeat (AGGGTT) DNA at the end of the lagging strand
Test your knowledge on telomeres, the repetitive DNA sequences at the end of chromosomes. Learn about the end replication problem in somatic cells and the enzymes involved in removing RNA primers. Take this quiz to deepen your understanding of telomeres and their role in cell division.
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