Tamil Nadu Geography and Demographics

Geography and Climate

• Located in the southernmost part of the Indian subcontinent
• Bordered by:
  • Andhra Pradesh and Telangana to the north
  • Karnataka to the northwest
  • Kerala to the west
  • Indian Ocean to the south and southeast
• Coastal length: approximately 1,070 km
• Climate: varies from tropical dry to tropical wet and dry
• Major rivers: Kaveri, Palar, and Vaigai

Demographics

• Population (2020): approximately 72 million
• Population density: 555 people per square kilometer
• Urban population: around 48%
• Official language: Tamil
• Other languages spoken: Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, and English
• Major cities: Chennai, Coimbatore, Madurai, Tiruchirappalli, and Salem

Economy

• One of the most industrialized states in India
• Major industries:
  • Automobiles
  • Textiles
  • Leather
  • Chemicals
  • Pharmaceuticals
  • IT and software
• Agriculture: major crops include rice, sugarcane, and cotton
• Mineral resources: limestone, bauxite, and iron ore

History and Culture

• Ancient Tamil kingdoms: Chera, Chola, and Pandya
• Significant cultural contributions:
  • Tamil literature (Sangam literature)
  • Carnatic music
  • Bharatanatyam dance
  • Tamil cuisine (idli, dosa, sambar)
• Festivals: Pongal, Deepavali, and Tamil New Year (Puthandu)
• Temples: Meenakshi Amman Temple, Brihadeeswarar Temple, and Thiruvalluvar Temple

Geography and Climate

• Tamil Nadu is situated in the southernmost part of the Indian subcontinent.
• It is bordered by four states: Andhra Pradesh and Telangana to the north, Karnataka to the northwest, and Kerala to the west.
• The Indian Ocean lies to the south and southeast of the state.
• The state has a long coastline of approximately 1,070 km.
• The climate varies from tropical dry to tropical wet and dry across different regions.

Demographics

• As of 2020, the population of Tamil Nadu is approximately 72 million.
• The population density is 555 people per square kilometer.
• About 48% of the population lives in urban areas.
• Tamil is the official language, while other languages spoken include Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, and English.
• Major cities in the state are Chennai, Coimbatore, Madurai, Tiruchirappalli, and Salem.

Economy

• Tamil Nadu is one of the most industrialized states in India.
• The state has a strong presence of various industries, including:
  • Automobiles
  • Textiles
  • Leather
  • Chemicals
  • Pharmaceuticals
  • IT and software
• Agriculture is a significant sector, with major crops being rice, sugarcane, and cotton.
• The state has an abundance of mineral resources, including limestone, bauxite, and iron ore.

History and Culture

• The ancient Tamil kingdoms of Chera, Chola, and Pandya played a significant role in the region's history.
• Tamil Nadu has made significant cultural contributions, including:
  • Tamil literature (Sangam literature)
  • Carnatic music
  • Bharatanatyam dance
  • Tamil cuisine (idli, dosa, sambar)
• The state celebrates several festivals, including Pongal, Deepavali, and Tamil New Year (Puthandu).
• Some of the famous temples in Tamil Nadu are the Meenakshi Amman Temple, Brihadeeswarar Temple, and Thiruvalluvar Temple.

Explore the geographical location, bordering states, climate, and major rivers of Tamil Nadu. Also, learn about the state's population and density.