Systematics and Evolutionary Relationships

17 Questions

What is the capitalization rule for the genus name in a scientific name?

It is always capitalized

Which domain of life consists of prokaryotic organisms?

Archaea and Bacteria

What is the characteristic of the kingdom Plantae?

They can be vascular or non-vascular, flowering or non-flowering, and seed-bearing or non-seed bearing

Which phylum consists of segmented worms?

Annelida

Which class of Arthropoda consists of insects with six legs?

Insecta

What is the characteristic of the kingdom Fungi?

They are all decomposers

What is the main focus of systematics?

Understanding the evolution of life through species relationships

What is the primary purpose of taxonomy?

To name, describe, and classify organisms

What is the term for the study of relationships among different groups of organisms and their evolutionary development?

Phylogeny

What are the two parts of a scientific name according to Carolus Linnaeus?

Genus name and species epithet

What formatting rule applies to scientific names when italics are not possible?

It must be underlined

Who is known as the Father of Modern Taxonomy?

Carolus Linnaeus

Which class of animals includes spiders and scorpions?

Arachnids

What is the characteristic feature of the phylum Arthropoda?

Having segmented legs

What is the characteristic feature of the class Mollusca?

Having a shell

Which class of animals includes frogs and toads?

Amphibians

What is the characteristic feature of the phylum Chordata?

Having a backbone

Study Notes

Classification of Living Organisms

Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Arthropoda, Class Arachnids (8 legs), Ex. Spider & Scorpion
Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Arthropoda, Class Myriapods, Ex. Centipedes
Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Mollusca, Class Cephalopods, Ex. Octopus & Squid
Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Mollusca, Class Gastropods (1 shell), Ex. Snails
Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Mollusca, Class Bivalves (2 shells), Ex. Clams
Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Chordata (vertebrates), Class Fishes
Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Chordata (vertebrates), Class Amphibians (water to land), Ex. Frogs
Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Chordata (vertebrates), Class Reptiles (land to water), Ex. Crocodiles
Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Chordata (vertebrates), Class Aves (birds)
Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Chordata (vertebrates), Class Mammalia

Scientific Names and Taxonomy

Scientific name has two parts: Genus name (capitalized) and Species epithet (not capitalized)
Example of a scientific name: Canis familiaris (Canis - Genus, familiaris - Species epithet)
Rules for writing scientific names:
- Written in italics, or underlined if italics not possible
- Genus name always capitalized, species epithet not capitalized

Domains and Kingdoms of Life

3 Domains of Life: Archaea (Prokaryotic), Bacteria (Prokaryotic), Eukarya (Eukaryotic)
6 Kingdoms of Life:
- 1. Archaebacteria (Domain: Archaea), Ex. Water bears (extremophiles)
- 1. Eubacteria (Domain: Bacteria), Ex. Staphylococcus aureus (bacteria that causes boils and acne)
- 1. Protista (Domain: Eukarya), Ex. Amoeba & Euglena
- 1. Fungi (Domain: Eukarya), Decomposers, Ex. Molds & Mushrooms
- 1. Plantae (Domain: Eukarya), Vascular & Non-Vascular, Flowering & Non-Flowering, Seed-bearing & Non-Seed bearing
- 1. Animalia (Domain: Eukarya), consists of 9 phyla: Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, Mollusca

This quiz covers the study of systematics, including fossil evidence, homologies, biogeography, and molecular clock. It explores the branch of biological science that examines the characteristics of species and their relationships through time.

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