Support and Movement: Bones and Joints Terminology Quiz

What is the primary function of the vertebral column in the human body?

What type of tissue is cartilage classified as?

What is the characteristic that distinguishes hyaline cartilage from other types of cartilage?

What is the purpose of the lacuna in the cartilage matrix?

What type of fiber is present in the matrix of cartilage?

Why do blood vessels not enter cartilage?

What is the main function of the skeleton in the human body?

What is the characteristic of elastic cartilage that is similar to hyaline cartilage?

What is the function of the ribs in the human skeleton?

What is the relationship between the skeleton and the muscular system in the human body?

The Axial and Appendicular Skeleton

The axial skeleton consists of cranial bones, vertebral column, sternum, and ribs.
The appendicular skeleton consists of upper and lower limbs, shoulders, and hips.

Joints and Movement

Types of joints: ball-and-socket, hinge, and pivot joints.
Examples of joints: shoulder (ball-and-socket), elbow (hinge), and knee (hinge).

Bones and Cartilage

Bones are made of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and react with HCl.
Cartilage is a dense, clear blue-white firm connective tissue, weaker than bone.
Chondrocytes are cells found in cartilage, surrounded by a fluid space called lacuna.
Cartilage has three types: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrous cartilage.

Muscles and Movement

Antagonism in muscle action: biceps and triceps work together to bend and straighten the elbow.
Ligaments connect bones to bones, while tendons connect muscles to bones.

Health and Disease

Osteoporosis: a condition where bones become weak and porous.
Arthritis: inflammation of joints, causing pain and stiffness.
Rheumatoid arthritis: a type of arthritis that causes inflammation and deformity.
Osteoarthritis: a type of arthritis that causes joint pain and stiffness.

Functions of the Skeleton

Provides support and protection for internal organs, such as the brain, spinal cord, and heart.
Works closely with the muscular system to facilitate movement.

Test your knowledge of terms related to support and movement in the human body. Learn about bones, joints, and common conditions like arthritis and osteoporosis. Identify and understand the structure and function of different components such as ligaments, tendons, and cartilage.