Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the concept of a person's potential for action that may or may not be experienced in awareness?

Tension

According to Sullivan, what are the three basic personifications?

  • Bad mother, Good mother, and Not-Me-Personifications
  • Bad father, Good father, and Me-Personifications
  • Bad mother, Good father, and Me-Personifications
  • Bad mother, Good mother, and Me-Personifications (correct)

What is the most primitive level of cognition, experienced primarily in infancy?

  • Syntaxic Level
  • Prototaxic Level (correct)
  • Preoperational Level
  • Parataxic Level

Sullivan's theory of personality development rests on the assumption that unhealthy development results from interpersonal conflicts and difficulties.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the act of dwelling on a negative event?

<p>Ruminating</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the disjunctive dynamism of evil and hatred?

<p>Malevolence</p> Signup and view all the answers

What involves a close interpersonal relationship between two people of equal status?

<p>Intimacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an isolating tendency that demands no dependence on another person for satisfaction?

<p>Lust</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Sullivan, what is the most complex and important dynamism in his interpersonal theory?

<p>Self-System</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sullivan believed that the "one-genus" hypothesis, which states that "everyone is much more simply human than otherwise", meant that differences in personality are more important than similarities.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the most mature level of cognition?

<p>Syntaxic Level</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these corresponds to the period when young people experience developing feelings of both lust and intimacy?

<p>Late Adolescence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Syntaxic Level

The most mature level of cognition, characterized by logical thinking and understanding of cause and effect.

Tension

A potential for action, which might or might not be consciously experienced.

Needs

Biological imbalances between an individual and their physical environment.

Anxiety

A feeling of unease and anxiety, arising from interpersonal situations.

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Dynamism

Stable patterns of energy transformations, essentially personality traits.

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Malevolence

A disjunctive dynamism characterized by negativity, hostility, and aggression.

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Intimacy

A close interpersonal relationship between individuals of roughly equal status.

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Lust

A solitary drive not requiring another person for satisfaction.

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Self-System

The most complex and important dynamism in Sullivan's theory, representing the individual's sense of self.

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Personifications

Mental representations of individuals, often based on early interpersonal experiences.

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Prototaxic Level

The most primitive level of cognition, characterized by immediate and unorganized sensory experiences.

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Parataxic Level

A level of cognition characterized by inaccurate assumptions about cause and effect.

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Infancy

The beginning of a child's development, starting at birth and continuing until they develop the capacity for language.

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Childhood

Marked by the emergence of syntaxic language and the ability to communicate effectively.

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Juvenile Era

A stage characterized by the increasing importance of peers and playmates.

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Preadolescence

Beginning at age 8 1/2, marked by the development of a need for close friendships.

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Early Adolescence

Starting with puberty, ending with the desire for sexual love.

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Late Adolescence

Beginning when a person experiences both lust and intimacy.

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Adulthood

Stage characterized by the establishment of a loving relationship with at least one significant other.

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Sullivan's View of Psychological Disorders

The belief that all psychological disorders have an origin in interpersonal experiences.

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Sullivan's Psychotherapy Approach

A therapeutic approach that focuses on improving interpersonal relations.

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Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory of Personality

The assumption that unhealthy personality development stems from interpersonal conflicts and difficulties.

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The Importance of

Friendships during childhood and adolescence are crucial for healthy adult development.

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Co-rumination

Excessively dwelling on negative events, often within a relationship.

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Imaginary Friends

Imaginary companions, especially during childhood, can play an important role in development.

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One-Genus Hypothesis

Sullivan's view of humanity, emphasizing that shared human qualities are more significant than differences.

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Bad Mother Personification

A representation of a mother figure as anxious and malevolent.

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Good Mother Personification

A representation of a mother figure as calm and nurturing.

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Not-Me Personification

A representation of

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Me Personifications

The building blocks of the self-concept, including the

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Eidetic Personifications

Unrealistic traits or imaginary friends.

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Study Notes

Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory

  • Developed by Harry Stack Sullivan, an American psychiatrist
  • Focuses on the potential for action (tension) and how it's influenced by interpersonal relationships throughout life
  • Two types of tensions: biological imbalances between a person and their environment (needs), and general needs (tenderness, zonal)

Stages of Development

  • Infancy: birth to development of syntaxic language
  • Childhood: development of syntaxic language
  • Juvenile: need for peers
  • Preadolescence: 8.5 years to adolescence
  • Early Adolescence: puberty to desire for sexual love
  • Late Adolescence: capable of lust and intimacy
  • Adulthood: establishing relationships

Anxiety

  • Diffuse and vague
  • Behaviors aimed at avoiding learning from mistakes, pursuing childish security, and preventing learning from experience

Energy Transformation

  • Dynamism: patterns of energy transformations (traits or behaviors)
  • Malevolence: disjunctive dynamism of evil and hatred
  • Intimacy: close interpersonal relationships, equal status
  • Lust: isolating tendency, no need for another person

Self-System

  • Most complex dynamism in Sullivan's theory
  • Begins in infancy and continues throughout development, involving personifications forming the self

Personifications

  • Bad Mother: anxious, malevolent
  • Good Mother: calm, tender
  • Me-Personifications: Bad-Me, Good-Me, Not-Me, eidetic personifications (unrealistic traits/imaginary friends)

Levels of Cognition

  • Prototaxic: primitive, infancy, experiencing primarily intuitive emotions
  • Parataxic: making erroneous assumptions, infancy to adulthood
  • Syntaxic: most developed, mature, adults, interpersonal cognition

Psychological Disorders

  • Believed they have an interpersonal origin, understood by social environment

Psychotherapy

  • Participant observer approach, improving patients' interpersonal relations
  • Sullivan's interpersonal theory of personality development results from interpersonal conflicts
  • Emphasizes the importance of friendship in developing healthy adults

Ruminating and Co-rumination

  • Ruminating: dwelling on negative events
  • Co-rumination: excessively discussing personal problems

Imaginary Friends

  • Recognizes their importance, especially during childhood

Concept of Humanity

  • Summed up in the one-genus hypothesis, emphasizing shared humanity over individual differences

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Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory PDF

Description

Explore the key concepts of Harry Stack Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory, focusing on the influence of interpersonal relationships on human development. This quiz covers stages of development from infancy to adulthood, the role of anxiety, and the dynamics of energy transformation. Test your knowledge on Sullivan's insights into human behavior and relationships.

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