Sulfonamide Prodrugs and Sulfones Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the reason for pyrazinamide being elevated to first-line status in short-term tuberculosis treatment regimens?

  • Its ability to inhibit mycolic acid biosynthesis in mycobacteria
  • Its tuberculocidal activity and low short-term toxicity (correct)
  • Its minimal side effects in long-term therapy
  • Its activity against metabolically inactive tubercle bacilli

    • What makes pyrazinamide unsuitable for long-term therapy?

  • Its bioactivation to pyrazinoic acid in the urine
  • Its ineffectiveness against metabolically inactive tubercle bacilli (correct)
  • Its high toxicity in short-term use
  • Its ability to penetrate inflamed meninges

    • Which condition should healthcare providers be cautious about when administering pyrazinamide?

  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Anemia
  • Hypertension
  • Hyperuricemia or gout (correct)

    • What is the reason behind pyrazinamide being recommended for the treatment of tuberculous meningitis?

    <p>Its penetration of inflamed meninges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of ethambutol against mycobacteria?

    <p>Inhibition of mycolic acid biosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes ethambutol from other drugs mentioned in terms of Mycolic acid biosynthesis?

    <p>It has no effect on mycolic acid biosynthesis in mycobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug was discovered to have antitubercular properties in 1952?

    <p>Isoniazid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound is known for its ability to antagonize many sulfones?

    <p>Aminosalicylic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure variation can give active compounds according to the text?

    <p>Substitution on both the 4- and 4’-amino functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT less effective than sulfonamides?

    <p>Pyrazinamide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound has a carboxylic acid at the amine side chain and is mainly used for intestinal infections?

    <p>Isoniazid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Sulfones' were used to treat what disease after finding sodium glucosulfone effective?

    <p>Leprosy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the lead compound used in the development of penicillins?

    <p>Red dye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound showed in-vivo antibacterial activity despite being in-vitro inactive?

    <p>Prontosil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context provided, which compound ushered in the concept of the prodrug?

    <p>Sulphanilamide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of action of sulfonamides based on the information provided?

    <p>Mimicking P-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following classes of sulfonamides can be used for topical application?

    <p>None of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

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