Cubital Fossa Blood Supply: Brachiocephalic Artery and Tissues Quiz and Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the first blood vessel that the blood will encounter from the left side of the heart?

Left subclavian artery

Aorta (correct)

Left common carotid

Brachiocephalic trunk

How many branches does the aortic arch separate into?

Two

Five

Four

Three (correct)

What does the brachiocephalic trunk separate into?

Left subclavian artery and right common carotid

Right common carotid and right subclavian artery (correct)

Right subclavian artery and left common carotid

Left common carotid and left subclavian artery

What is the direction of the subclavian artery as it exits the thoracic inlet?

Laterally Signup and view all the answers

What does the subclavian artery give off for the head, neck, and scapular regions?

Several branches Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the right subclavian artery?

Brachiocephalic artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the left subclavian artery?

Aortic arch Signup and view all the answers

What is the axial artery that supplies the upper limb?

Axillary artery Signup and view all the answers

At which border of the 1st rib does the axillary artery begin?

Lateral Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the muscle that crosses the axillary artery anteriorly?

Pectoralis minor Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the body does the axillary artery supply blood to?

Shoulder and scapula Signup and view all the answers

At which border of the teres major muscle does the axillary artery continue as the brachial artery?

Inferior Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the sheath that encloses the axillary artery?

Axillary sheath Signup and view all the answers

How many branches does the axillary artery have?

Six Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the branch of the axillary artery that supplies the first and second intercostal spaces?

Superior thoracic artery Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is medial to the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor?

Axillary artery Signup and view all the answers

Where does the ulnar artery begin?

In the cubital fossa at the level of the neck of the radius Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the axillary artery?

To supply the upper limb Signup and view all the answers

How many main branches does the axillary artery give off?

6 main branches Signup and view all the answers

Where does the radial artery descend?

Downward and laterally Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of the axillary artery gives off the clavicular, acromial, deltoid, and pectoral arteries?

Thoracoacromial artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the branch that anastomoses with the radial collateral artery?

Radial recurrent branch Signup and view all the answers

Where does the radial artery end?

In the dorsum of the hand Signup and view all the answers

What is the continuation of the axillary artery beyond the lower border of the teres major muscle?

Brachial artery Signup and view all the answers

What does the brachial artery give off before dividing into the radial and ulnar arteries?

A deep branch and a collateral branch Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the artery that trifurcates to form anterior, posterior, and recurrent branches?

Interosseous artery Signup and view all the answers

Where does the brachial artery terminate?

At the neck of the radius Signup and view all the answers

At what level does the brachial artery split into two?

At the level of the neck of the radius Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the brachial artery in relation to surrounding structures?

Superficial to the surrounding structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the arch formed by the anastomosis of the ulnar artery and the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery?

Superficial palmar arch Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the arterial anastomosis of the elbow?

To supply blood to the upper limb Signup and view all the answers

Where are superficial veins located?

Immediately beneath the skin, in the superficial fascia Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for the deep veins that accompany arteries?

Venae Comitantes Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the arch that supplies blood to the small, ring, middle, and medial side of the index finger?

Superficial Palmar Arch Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies blood to the lateral side of the index finger?

Radialis Indicis Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the vein that arises from the lateral end of the dorsal venous arch of the hand?

Cephalic Vein Signup and view all the answers

Where is the dorsal venous arch located?

On the dorsum of the hand, in the subcutaneous tissue proximal to the metacarpophalangeal joints Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the dorsal venous arch?

To drain blood from the digits Signup and view all the answers

How many digits are supplied by the princeps pollicis artery?

1 and ½ digits Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Arterial Supply of the Upper Limb

The aorta is the first blood vessel on the left side of the heart, which branches into three parts: brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid, and left subclavian artery
The brachiocephalic trunk separates into right common carotid and right subclavian artery
The subclavian artery ascends laterally, exiting the thoracic inlet, and crosses posteriorly to the anterior scalene muscles, giving off several branches for the head, neck, and scapular regions

Axillary Artery

The axillary artery begins at the lateral border of the 1st rib as a continuation of the subclavian artery
It continues as the brachial artery at the inferior border of the teres major muscle
The axillary artery is enclosed within an axillary sheath and is crossed anteriorly by the pectoralis minor muscle, dividing it into three parts
It supplies blood to the shoulder and scapula

Branches of the Axillary Artery

Anteriorly, it supplies the pectoralis major muscle
Laterally, it supplies the cords of the brachial plexus
One branch: Superior (Highest) thoracic artery, which supplies the first and second intercostal spaces and the superior part of the serratus anterior

Brachial Artery

The brachial artery is a continuation of the axillary artery at the lower border of the teres major muscle
It gives off a deep branch and a collateral branch, supplying the arterial anastomosis of the elbow before dividing into radial and ulnar arteries
It terminates opposite the neck of the radius by dividing into the radial and ulnar arteries

Radial and Ulnar Arteries

The radial artery begins in the cubital fossa at the level of the neck of the radius and descends downward and laterally
It leaves the forearm by winding around the lateral aspect of the wrist to reach the dorsum of the hand
The ulnar artery is the larger of the two terminal branches of the brachial artery and lies anterior to the ulnar head
It descends through the anterior compartment of the forearm and ends by forming the superficial palmar arch, anastomosing with the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery

Venous Drainage

Superficial veins are placed immediately beneath the skin, in the superficial fascia
Deep veins accompany arteries and are typically named similarly to the artery they are in close proximity to
The superficial palmar arch is more distal than the deep palmar arch
The proper palmar digital arteries of the superficial palmar arch supply blood to the small, ring, middle, and medial side of the index finger (3 and ½ digits)
The radialis indicis supplies blood to the lateral side of the index finger, while the princeps pollicis artery supplies blood to the thumb (1 and ½ digits)

Dorsal Venous Arch (Network)

Composed of dorsal digital veins that drain into dorsal metacarpal veins
Lies on the dorsum of the hand, in the subcutaneous tissue proximal to the metacarpophalangeal joints
Venous drainage begins with the dorsal venous arch receiving blood from the digits and drains into the cephalic vein laterally (radial side), and basilic vein medially (ulnar side)

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Anatomy LE 1: Upper Limb Blood Supply and Venous and Lymphatic Drainage

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