Structure of viruses
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the viral capsid?

  • Facilitate host cell entry
  • Protect the viral nucleic acid (correct)
  • Participate in viral replication
  • Transport genetic material within the host

    • What does the nucleocapsid of a virus consist of?

  • Genome and proteins (correct)
  • Genome only
  • Proteins only
  • Lipids and carbohydrates

    • Which term is used to refer to the basic protein building blocks of a viral coat?

  • Enzyme
  • Nucleotide
  • Capsomer
  • Protomer (correct)

    • In what way do protein subunits bind to the viral nucleic acid in helical symmetry?

    <p>In a periodic way</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property is NOT considered when discussing virus proteins?

    <p>Cellular structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do structural units play in viruses?

    <p>Packaging of viral genome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a virion in viruses?

    <p>Transferring viral nucleic acid between cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of a virus controls viral heredity and variation?

    <p>Viral core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the possible configuration of DNA in a virus?

    <p>Double-stranded linear or circular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the RNA genome of a virus be classified based on polarity?

    <ul> <li>Sense or - Sense</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

    Among the properties used for virus classification, what is considered as part of virion morphology?

    <p>Size and shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the viral genome in a virus particle?

    <p>Infecting host cells and directing their machinery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lipid-containing envelope in viruses?

    <p>Protecting the genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of genetic material is most commonly found in viruses?

    <p>Single-stranded RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the icosahedral symmetry in viruses characterized by?

    <p>Equilateral triangular faces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a regular icosahedron's optimal way of forming a closed shell?

    <p>From identical subunits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the capsomers at the apices of an icosahedron surrounded by?

    <p>Five other capsomers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many identical subunits are there on the surface of an icosahedron?

    <p>60</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason viral shells are composed of multiples of 60 structural units?

    <p>To facilitate encapsidation of viral genomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus has a cubic head with a triangulation number of 7 and a contractile tail with helical symmetry?

    <p>T4 bacteriophage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common property of naked viruses mentioned in the text?

    <p>Stable in hostile environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus is known for its brick-shaped structure with ridges on the external surface and core inside?

    <p>Poxviruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do some virus particles exhibit complicated structures?

    <p>Because simple cubic or helical symmetry is not suitable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the collar in tailed bacteriophages like T4 virus?

    <p>To attach the head to the tail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of viruses have a lipid-containing membrane surrounding some viral particles?

    <p>Enveloped viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of viral glycoproteins attached to the envelope?

    <p>Virus attachment to target cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property describes enveloped viruses as being labile?

    <p>Damaged by drying, acid, detergent, and heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do enveloped viruses release new virus particles?

    <p>By budding through a cellular membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus is an example of a naked (non-enveloped) virus?

    <p>Adenovirus B19</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the lipid-containing envelope in some viruses?

    <p>To attach the virus particle to a target cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key requirement for enveloped viruses to survive?

    <p>Staying moist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immunity is essential to control infections caused by enveloped viruses?

    <p>Both humoral and cell-mediated immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary mode of transmission for enveloped viruses?

    <p>Blood and body fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus requires reinfection of another host cell to sustain its replication?

    <p>Rotavirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the causative agent of Saint Louis Encephalitis?

    <p>Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Hepatitis Delta Virus' primarily affects which organ in the human body?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus' belongs to which group of viruses?

    <p>Flavivirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Hantavirus' is associated with causing which disease in humans?

    <p>Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus is known for its association with Kaposi's sarcoma?

    <p>Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What virus causes cold sores or fever blisters?

    <p>Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HHV1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property of enveloped viruses makes them different from naked viruses in terms of survivability?

    <p>Labile in dry environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which viral structure is primarily responsible for the attachment of the virus particle to a target cell?

    <p>Viral glycoproteins attached to the envelope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of neutralizing antibodies in controlling enveloped virus infections?

    <p>Interfering with virus attachment to host cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes viruses with envelopes from those without envelopes in terms of environmental stability?

    <p>Enveloped viruses are resistant to drying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of enveloped viruses picking up new cell membrane during multiplication?

    <p>Facilitates the release of new virus particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

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