Structure of viruses

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the viral capsid?

  • Facilitate host cell entry
  • Protect the viral nucleic acid (correct)
  • Participate in viral replication
  • Transport genetic material within the host

What does the nucleocapsid of a virus consist of?

  • Genome and proteins (correct)
  • Genome only
  • Proteins only
  • Lipids and carbohydrates

Which term is used to refer to the basic protein building blocks of a viral coat?

  • Enzyme
  • Nucleotide
  • Capsomer
  • Protomer (correct)

In what way do protein subunits bind to the viral nucleic acid in helical symmetry?

<p>In a periodic way (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property is NOT considered when discussing virus proteins?

<p>Cellular structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do structural units play in viruses?

<p>Packaging of viral genome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a virion in viruses?

<p>Transferring viral nucleic acid between cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a virus controls viral heredity and variation?

<p>Viral core (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the possible configuration of DNA in a virus?

<p>Double-stranded linear or circular (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the RNA genome of a virus be classified based on polarity?

<ul> <li>Sense or - Sense (C)</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Among the properties used for virus classification, what is considered as part of virion morphology?

<p>Size and shape (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the viral genome in a virus particle?

<p>Infecting host cells and directing their machinery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lipid-containing envelope in viruses?

<p>Protecting the genetic material (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of genetic material is most commonly found in viruses?

<p>Single-stranded RNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the icosahedral symmetry in viruses characterized by?

<p>Equilateral triangular faces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a regular icosahedron's optimal way of forming a closed shell?

<p>From identical subunits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the capsomers at the apices of an icosahedron surrounded by?

<p>Five other capsomers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many identical subunits are there on the surface of an icosahedron?

<p>60 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason viral shells are composed of multiples of 60 structural units?

<p>To facilitate encapsidation of viral genomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus has a cubic head with a triangulation number of 7 and a contractile tail with helical symmetry?

<p>T4 bacteriophage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common property of naked viruses mentioned in the text?

<p>Stable in hostile environments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is known for its brick-shaped structure with ridges on the external surface and core inside?

<p>Poxviruses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do some virus particles exhibit complicated structures?

<p>Because simple cubic or helical symmetry is not suitable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the collar in tailed bacteriophages like T4 virus?

<p>To attach the head to the tail (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of viruses have a lipid-containing membrane surrounding some viral particles?

<p>Enveloped viruses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of viral glycoproteins attached to the envelope?

<p>Virus attachment to target cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property describes enveloped viruses as being labile?

<p>Damaged by drying, acid, detergent, and heat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do enveloped viruses release new virus particles?

<p>By budding through a cellular membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is an example of a naked (non-enveloped) virus?

<p>Adenovirus B19 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the lipid-containing envelope in some viruses?

<p>To attach the virus particle to a target cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key requirement for enveloped viruses to survive?

<p>Staying moist (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity is essential to control infections caused by enveloped viruses?

<p>Both humoral and cell-mediated immunity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary mode of transmission for enveloped viruses?

<p>Blood and body fluids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus requires reinfection of another host cell to sustain its replication?

<p>Rotavirus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the causative agent of Saint Louis Encephalitis?

<p>Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Hepatitis Delta Virus' primarily affects which organ in the human body?

<p>Liver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus' belongs to which group of viruses?

<p>Flavivirus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Hantavirus' is associated with causing which disease in humans?

<p>Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is known for its association with Kaposi's sarcoma?

<p>Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What virus causes cold sores or fever blisters?

<p>Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HHV1) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property of enveloped viruses makes them different from naked viruses in terms of survivability?

<p>Labile in dry environments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which viral structure is primarily responsible for the attachment of the virus particle to a target cell?

<p>Viral glycoproteins attached to the envelope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of neutralizing antibodies in controlling enveloped virus infections?

<p>Interfering with virus attachment to host cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes viruses with envelopes from those without envelopes in terms of environmental stability?

<p>Enveloped viruses are resistant to drying (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of enveloped viruses picking up new cell membrane during multiplication?

<p>Facilitates the release of new virus particles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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