Questions and Answers
What primarily causes ischemic strokes?
Which of the following symptoms is associated with a stroke?
What condition is characterized by a build-up of fat and fibrous plaques in arterial walls?
What is a major cause of coronary heart disease (CHD)?
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How is blood pressure generally expressed?
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Which statement about hemorrhagic stroke is true?
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What are cold sweats and nausea indicative of?
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What is a key feature of heart failure?
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What is the recommended frequency for strength activities?
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What does the Reversibility Principle imply about fitness if activity ceases?
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How long is the recommended duration for high-intensity cardio workouts?
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What is considered the appropriate time duration for a low-intensity cardio workout?
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Which of the following best describes the amount of weight lifted in strength activities?
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What effect does carbon monoxide have on blood platelets?
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How does sodium intake affect blood pressure?
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What aspect of body composition is particularly useful for assessing health?
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What does cardiovascular endurance primarily refer to?
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What is the primary focus of flexibility in physical fitness?
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How does smoking at a young age affect life expectancy?
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What is reaction time in the context of athletics?
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What does power in physical fitness refer to?
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What can congestive heart failure potentially affect?
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Which factor contributes to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) as we age?
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How does obesity affect the heart's oxygen delivery system?
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What hormonal change occurs in women during menopause that affects cardiovascular risk?
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Which group is at greater risk of CVD based on family history?
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What is a consequence of smoking tobacco in relation to heart health?
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What is the medical condition characterized by excess body fat storage?
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Which of the following conditions does NOT increase the risk of cardiovascular disease?
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What is a primary focus of health as per the stated content?
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Which of the following is a recommended strategy to counter physical inactivity?
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What is a significant barrier to physical activity mentioned?
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Which type of disease is classified as a non-communicable disease (NCD)?
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What is one of the modifiable risk factors for noncommunicable diseases?
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What is emphasized by wellness in contrast to health?
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What action is recommended to enhance social support for physical activity?
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Which of the following does NOT represent a barrier to physical activity?
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Study Notes
Stroke and Coronary Heart Disease
- Stroke is defined as damage to the brain caused by interrupted blood supply, either from hemorrhage or ischemia.
- Ischemic stroke accounts for 80% of strokes, typically caused by a blood clot.
- Hemorrhagic stroke occurs due to blood leaking from a ruptured artery.
- Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) results from the lack of blood supply to the heart muscle due to atherosclerosis, characterized by fat and fibrous plaque build-up in arterial walls.
Heart Attack Warning Signs
- Chest discomfort lasting over a few minutes can indicate a heart attack.
- Pain or discomfort may also radiate to shoulders, neck, jaw, or arms.
- Accompanying signs include shortness of breath, light-headedness, cold sweats, or nausea.
- Stroke warning signs include sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the body, confusion, difficulty in speech or vision, and severe headache.
High Blood Pressure and Heart Failure
- Hypertension is a chronic elevation of blood pressure, measured in mmHg (systolic/diastolic).
- Heart failure is inadequate pumping of the heart, failing to deliver oxygen-rich blood to the body, often caused by various diseases.
Physical Activity and Wellness
- Encouraging physical activity can help in combating inactivity. Suggestions include setting personal goals and joining community classes.
- The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) assesses weekly physical activity patterns including work, transport, and leisure activities.
- Barriers to physical activity include lack of time, social influence, motivation, and resources.
Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)
- NCDs are non-infectious diseases accounting for 6 out of 10 global deaths, including heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.
- Modifiable risk factors include unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, and tobacco use.
Obesity and Risk Factors
- Obesity is characterized by excess body fat, with 18% for males and 22% for females deemed normal body fat.
- High blood glucose levels indicate diabetes, which can lead to increased heart disease risk.
- Family history of heart issues, particularly before age 55, increases personal risk.
Modifiable Risk Factors and Lifestyle
- Hypertension, obesity, high cholesterol, and diabetes increase heart attack and stroke risk.
- Smoking introduces nicotine and carcinogenic substances, leading to serious health issues, with long-term smokers facing significantly increased mortality.
Key Principles of Fitness
- Regular physical activity prevents fitness decline, as activity cessation can reverse fitness gains.
- The Reversibility Principle indicates that extended rest reduces fitness levels.
Recommendations for Physical Activity
- Cardiovascular workouts should be engaged in five days per week, at moderate intensity for 30-60 minutes each session.
- Strength training should occur 2-3 non-consecutive days a week, focusing on repetitions and sets.
- Incorporate both cardiovascular and strength activities into a balanced exercise program for overall health.
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Description
This quiz focuses on understanding stroke and coronary heart disease, including their definitions, risk factors, and warning signs. It covers ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, the implications of high blood pressure, and the key signs of heart attacks. Brush up on your knowledge about these critical health issues.
