Stomach and Small Bowel Anatomy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary location of the stomach within the abdominal cavity?

  • Left side, caudal to the diaphragm (correct)
  • Right side, adjacent to the intestines
  • Right side, below the liver
  • Middle, above the pancreas

    • Which of the following types of tumors is a benign condition of the stomach?

  • Gastric adenocarcinoma
  • Gastric lymphoma
  • Gastric leiomyoma (correct)
  • Gastrointestinal stromal tumor

    • Which radiographic method is considered the most sensitive for diagnosing gastric cancer?

  • CT scan
  • Endoscopy (correct)
  • Ultrasound
  • MRI

    • What characteristic feature is diagnostic for gastric lipomas on CT?

    <p>Well-defined, homogeneous fat-density lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT classified as a malignant condition related to the stomach?

    <p>Gastric leiomyoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical feature of gastric leiomyomas on radiographic imaging?

    <p>Well-defined solid mass with smooth contours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of gastritis is specifically mentioned as often related to infections?

    <p>Phlegmonous gastritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized as a congenital gastric anomaly?

    <p>Gastric duplication cyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of CT scans in relation to gastric carcinoma?

    <p>To assess for local spread and detect metastases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is associated with gastric lymphoma on a CT scan?

    <p>Marked thickening of the stomach wall with lateral extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of gastric cancers are represented by ulcerated carcinomas?

    <p>70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation is ultrasound most likely to be useful for gastric diagnosis?

    <p>When there is a large epigastric mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What radiographic feature may indicate gastritis on a CT scan?

    <p>Thickening of the gastric folds and wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of fluoroscopy in the diagnosis of gastric carcinoma?

    <p>It identifies polypoid or fungating masses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does gastritis refer to?

    <p>Any form of mucosal inflammation of the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typically observed characteristic of gastric lymphoma in terms of tumor appearance?

    <p>Homogeneous but with focal areas of low density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary anatomical feature that distinguishes the small intestine?

    <p>Valvulae conniventes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a functional unit of the small intestine?

    <p>Cecum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of mechanical intestinal obstructions are due to small bowel obstruction?

    <p>80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging technique is more sensitive for diagnosing small bowel obstruction?

    <p>CT scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature seen on an abdominal radiograph indicating small bowel obstruction?

    <p>Dilated loops of small bowel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the small bowel feces sign indicate when observed on CT?

    <p>Mechanical obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which carcinoma is significantly less common in the small bowel compared to the colon?

    <p>Adenocarcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic feature of small bowel ischemia can be observed on a CT scan?

    <p>Soft-tissue mass with heterogeneous attenuation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Stomach

    • Muscular organ located in the upper abdomen, between the esophagus and duodenum, primarily on the left side, at T10 level from diaphragm.

    Radiographic Features

    • Outlined on fluoroscopy during imaging studies.

    • Neoplastic

      • Benign:
        • Gastric leiomyoma: Rare, asymptomatic, usually found incidentally.
        • Gastric lipoma: Rare benign mesenchymal tumor.
      • Malignant:
        • Gastric adenocarcinoma: Most common gastric malignancy, third most common GI cancer.
        • Gastric lymphoma: Can be primary or secondary.
        • Gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

    • Inflammatory:

      • Gastritis: Inflammation of gastric mucosa, can be acute or chronic.

    • Infections:

      • Phlegmonous gastritis: Severe infection causing inflammation.

    • Congenital:

      • Gastric duplication cyst: Rare congenital anomaly.

    • Other Conditions:

      • Gastric volvulus: Twisting of stomach, leading to obstruction.
      • Gastric varix: Dilated veins in stomach walls.
      • Gastric diverticulum: Outpouching in the gastric wall.
      • Gastric emphysema: Presence of gas in gastric wall.

    Gastric Leiomyomas

    • Presents as well-defined solid mass with low homogeneous contrast enhancement.
    • Calcifications and intratumoral hemorrhages are rare.

    Gastric Lipoma

    • Diagnosed on CT as well-defined fat-density lesions (-70 to -120 HU).

    Gastric Adenocarcinoma

    • Most common type of gastric cancer, arising from gastric epithelium.
    • Endoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis, visualizing tumor location and involvement.
    • Radiographic features include polypoid masses or ulcers.
    • Staging primarily done through CT for tumor spread, nodal involvement, and metastases.

    Gastric Lymphoma

    • Can represent secondary systemic involvement or primary gastric malignancy.
    • CT typically shows thickened stomach wall (2-4 cm) with lateral tumor extension and possible necrosis.

    Gastritis

    • Characterized by mucosal inflammation, detectable by thickened gastric folds on CT.

    Small Bowel

    • Section of bowel located between the stomach and colon, includes duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
    • Conditions include small bowel obstruction, ischemia, and malignancies like adenocarcinoma and lymphoma.

    Small Bowel Obstruction (SBO)

    • Accounts for 80% of mechanical intestinal obstructions, with ~5% mortality.
    • Abdominal radiograph: 50-60% sensitivity, shows dilated loops proximal to obstruction and specific gas-fluid levels.
    • CT: More sensitive, revealing dilated loops (>2.5 cm), with normal or collapsed loops distally.

    Small Bowel Ischemia

    • Life-threatening condition due to blood flow disturbance to the bowel wall.

    Adenocarcinoma of the Small Bowel

    • Much rarer than colorectal cancer; CT shows soft-tissue mass with heterogeneous attenuation, often with annular narrowing and irregular edges.

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    Related Documents

    Stomach and Small Bowel PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the anatomy and radiographic features of the stomach and small bowel. This quiz covers related pathologies including both benign and malignant conditions. Enhance your understanding of gastrointestinal anatomy and related diseases.

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