Anatomy of the Stomach
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Questions and Answers

What is the location of the rumen in ruminants?

  • On the right side of the abdomen
  • In the pelvic region
  • In the middle of the abdomen
  • On the left side of the abdomen (correct)

    • What is the function of the rumen in ruminants?

  • To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream
  • To secrete digestive enzymes
  • To store food that is regurgitated, chewed again, and swallowed a second time (correct)
  • To mix food with saliva

    • What is the shape of the reticulum in ruminants?

  • Spherical (correct)
  • Cylindrical
  • Oval
  • Rectangular

    • What is the characteristic of the inner side of the reticulum wall in ruminants?

    <p>Honeycomb-like cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ligaments originates from the greater omentum?

    <p>Lig.Gastrolienale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the dorsal mesentery between the spleen and duodenum in carnivores?

    <p>Velum omentale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the attachment site of the lesser omentum in the simple stomach?

    <p>Lesser curvature of the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the stomach compartment in ruminants that stores food that is regurgitated, chewed again, and swallowed a second time?

    <p>Rumen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key components of gastric digestive function?

    <p>Enzyme secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stomach is found in carnivores?

    <p>Simple glandular stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the border of the stomach that is convex and ventral?

    <p>Curvatura ventriculi major</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the stomach is divided into two distinct areas in the horse?

    <p>Pars cardiac</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the layer of fat that nestles on the surface of the intra-peritoneal organs?

    <p>Omentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the condition where the stomach twists upon itself?

    <p>Gastric volvulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the parasite that is found in the non-glandular part of the stomach in some horses?

    <p>Gastrophilus intestinalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the region of the stomach that is characterized by a sharp demarcation between the non-glandular and glandular regions?

    <p>Margo plicatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the omasum?

    <p>It absorbs water and other substances from digestive contents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the only compartment lined with glands?

    <p>Abomasum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the abomasum located?

    <p>In the right front quadrant of the abdomen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the gastric glands in the abomasum?

    <p>To produce digestive enzymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the fold in the ostium omaso-abomasicum?

    <p>Vela abomasica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the space between the superficial and deep layers of the greater omentum called?

    <p>Bursa omentale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the passage between the peritoneal cavity and the omental bursa?

    <p>Epiploic foramen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dorsal space of the deep wall of the greater omentum called?

    <p>Supraomental recess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Gastric Digestive Function

    • The four key components of gastric digestive function are:
      • Reservoir function
      • Acid secretion
      • Enzyme secretion
      • Role in gastrointestinal motility

    Types of Stomachs

    • Simple glandular stomach: found in carnivores
    • Simple composite stomach: found in equines, has both glandular and non-glandular regions
    • Complex composite stomach: found in ruminants, has four compartments (rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum)

    Surfaces of the Stomach

    • Facies parietalis
    • Facies visceralis

    Borders of the Stomach

    • Curvatura ventriculi major: convex and ventral border
    • Curvatura ventriculi minor: concave and dorsal border

    Regions of the Simple Stomach

    • Pars cardiac (cardiac part)
    • Fundus ventriculi (fundus)
    • Corpus ventriculi (body)
    • Pars pylorica (pyloric part)

    Omentum

    • A large, flat, adipose tissue layer that nestles on the surface of intraperitoneal organs
    • Has key biological functions in immune-regulation and tissue regeneration
    • Two parts: greater omentum and lesser omentum

    Greater Omentum

    • Attaches to:
      • Greater curvature of stomach
      • Left lobe of pancreas
      • Proximal end of descending colon
      • Distal end of ascending colon
      • Mesentric root
      • Spleen
    • Ligaments that originate from the greater omentum:
      • Lig.phrenicolienale (phrenicosplenic lig.)
      • Lig.gastrolienale (gastrosplenic lig.)
      • Lig.gastrophrenicum
      • Lig.lienorenale (in horse)

    Lesser Omentum

    • Attaches to:
      • Lesser curvature of stomach
      • Cranial part of duodenum
      • Visceral surface of liver
    • Ligaments that originate from the lesser omentum:
      • Lig.hepatogastricum
      • Lig.hepatoduodenale

    Complex Composite Stomach in Ruminants

    • Consists of four compartments: rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum

    Rumen

    • Largest stomach compartment in ruminants
    • Located on the left side of the abdomen
    • Divided into several portions by inflections of the wall known as pila
    • Function: stores food that is regurgitated, chewed again, and swallowed a second time
    • Compartments:
      • Sulcus longitudinalis dextra (right longitudinal groove)
      • Sulcus longitudinalis sinistra (left longitudinal groove)
      • Saccus dorsalis (dorsal sac)
      • Saccus ventralis (ventral sac)
      • Saccus caecus caudodorsalis (caudodorsal blind sac)
      • Saccus caecus caudoventralis (caudoventral blind sac)
      • Saccus cranialis (atrium ruminis)

    Reticulum

    • Non-glandular part of the stomach
    • Spherical shape, smallest compartment
    • Located between the cranial surface of the rumen and the caudal surface of the diaphragm
    • Two surfaces: diaphragmatic and visceral
    • Feature: inner side of reticulum wall is honeycomb-like cellulae reticuli formed by crista reticuli in the reticula mucosa

    Omasum

    • Globe-shaped structure containing leaves of tissue (like pages in a book)
    • Function: absorbs water and other substances from digestive contents
    • Compartments:
      • Ostium reticulo-omasicum
      • Ostium omaso-abomasicum

    Abomasum

    • Simple columnar epithelium
    • Gastric glands are present in the lamina propria of the mucosal layer in the pyloric region
    • Similar to a non-ruminant stomach
    • Located in the right front quadrant of the abdomen, just inside the seventh through 11th ribs
    • Features:
      • Plicae spirales (large plica) in mucosal surface
      • Greater curvature: ventrally
      • Lesser curvature: dorsally
      • Fundus: in the xiphoid region
      • Body: in the midline
      • Pylorus: in the 9th-10th intercostal space
      • Torus pyloricus (in ruminant) is instead of the pyloric sphincter of the dog and horse

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    Description

    Learn about the components of gastric digestive function, types of stomach, and the surfaces and borders of the stomach in this quiz.

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