78 Questions
What is the main purpose of curriculum development?
To organize, sequence, and manage interactions among teacher, students, and content knowledge
In the context of curriculum development, what is the 'artist' and 'studio' referred to in the text?
Artist is the teacher, material is the student, studio is the educational institute
According to Arthur Cunningham, how is curriculum described?
As a tool in the hands of an artist to mold material according to ideals in a studio
What are some characteristics of a good curriculum as mentioned in the text?
Continuously evolving and based on people's needs
According to the Tyler Model, what are the four principles/questions necessary to be addressed in developing curriculum?
The educational purposes, the educational experiences, the organization of experiences, and the determination of purposes
What characterizes the Leyton Soto Model for curriculum development?
A grassroots approach where teachers design the curriculum and create specific teaching-learning units for their students
According to the Taba Model, what is the recommended approach to curriculum development?
An inductive approach starting with specifics and building up to general design and working down to specifics
What are the components of the Saylor, Alexander, and Lewis Model for curriculum development?
Goals, objectives, domains, curriculum designing, implementation, and evaluation
What distinguishes the Oliva Model for curriculum development?
Recognition that students' needs in particular communities are not always the same as general needs throughout society
Which learning level under the 2019 ALS-K to 12 BEC Basic Literacy includes Grades 7 to 10?
Junior High School (JHS) Level
Which learning strand focuses on Life and Career Skills under the ALS-K to 12 BEC curriculum?
Learning Strand 4: Life and Career Skills
What comprehensive program aims to provide educational opportunities within the context of Muslim culture?
Madrasah Education Program
What does Outcome-Based Education (OBE) mean in the context of the text?
Organizing everything in an educational system around essential student tasks
What are the levels of cognitive domain according to Benjamin Bloom?
Knowledge, Comprehension, Application
What is the role of teachers in the Perennialism philosophy of education?
To educate the rational person
What are the levels of psychomotor domain according to Elizabeth Simpson?
Perception, Set, Guided Response
What is the aim of education in Essentialism philosophy?
To promote the intellectual growth of the individual
What are the elements/components of the curriculum related to institutional objectives?
Vision statement, Mission statement
What are the levels of cognitive domain according to Lorin Anderson and David Krathwohl?
Remembering, Understanding, Applying
What are the aims of Philippine education based on the Article of the Philippine Constitution of 1987?
The aims are not mentioned in the text
Who acts as agents of change and reform in various educational projects including research according to Reconstructionism philosophy?
Teachers
What are the levels of psychomotor domain according to Anita Harrow?
Reflex movements, Fundamental movements, Perceptual abilities
What is the focus of Progressivism philosophy in terms of curriculum?
Curriculum focused on students’ interest, human problems, and affairs.
According to Robert Mager's ABCD model for instructional objectives, what does 'Degree' describe?
The minimum criteria for acceptable student performance
Who are the curriculum developers and implementers according to the text?
Teachers
What is the role of community members in curriculum implementation?
Substituting for materials needed to implement the curriculum
What program provides sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, and prepares graduates for tertiary education, skill development, employment, and entrepreneurship?
K-12 Program
What aspect of education does the Senior High School Program focus on?
Technical-Vocational-Livelihood
Which year levels are included in the K-12 Curriculum?
Kindergarten to Grade 12
What is the main purpose of the Alternative Learning System (ALS)?
To provide opportunities for out-of-school youth and adults to access equivalent pathways to complete basic education
According to Republic Act No. 10533, what does the enhanced basic education program encompass?
1 year of kindergarten education, 6 years of elementary education, 6 years of secondary education
Who are considered the best supporters of the school according to the text?
Parents
In the context of curriculum implementation, who are being asked by curriculum specialists to contribute in curriculum review?
Professional organizations
What is being strengthened by the Salient Features of K-12 related to early childhood education?
Kindergarten education
What is focused on in the 'Gearing Up for the Future' feature of K-12 Education Vision?
Technical-Vocational-Livelihood
What type of subjects are included in the Senior High School Program according to the text?
Core subjects, contextualized – applied subjects, specialized subjects
What is the primary focus of the behavioral approach to curriculum?
The achievement of objectives
According to Allan Glatthorn, which type of curriculum is recommended by professional organizations?
Recommended curriculum
What does the hidden curriculum refer to?
The unintended curriculum which is deliberately planned
In which curriculum pattern are the school subjects used as the basis for organizing the school experiences of the learners?
Traditional curriculum pattern
Which type of curriculum pattern aims to foster integration of the learner to his socio-cultural milieu?
Integrative curriculum pattern
What is the primary emphasis of the experience curriculum?
Immediate interests and needs of the child
What does the taught curriculum refer to?
That which teachers actually deliver day by day
According to Allan Glatthorn, which type of curriculum appears in state and locally produced documents?
Written curriculum
What is the primary focus of the systems approach to curriculum?
The interactions among various elements of the instructional process
In which type of curriculum pattern are several specific areas combined into larger fields?
Broad-fields curriculum
What does the supported curriculum include?
Textbooks, software, and other media
What does the assessed curriculum refer to?
Curriculum that appears in tests and performance measures
What are the two key ideas of the Understanding by Design framework?
Focusing on teaching and assessing for understanding, and designing curriculum backward
What are the six facets of understanding according to the UbD framework?
Explanation, interpretation, application, shift perspective, empathy, self-assessment
What does the UbD framework consider effective curriculum planning?
Planning backward from long-term desired results
What is the role of teachers according to the UbD framework?
Being coaches of understanding and ensuring learning happens
Which stage of the backward design process involves determining assessment evidence?
Determine Assessment Evidence
What is the purpose of the 'Deepen (Abstraction)' stage in the UbD lesson plan procedure?
Moves students and teachers to extend to higher order thinking skills
In which model of the Curriculum – Instruction Relationship are curriculum and instruction separate entities with a continuing circular relationship?
Cyclical model
What does the Concentric model of the Curriculum – Instruction Relationship emphasize?
Each being a subsystem of the other
Which component of UbD Lesson Plan Procedure focuses on diagnosing students’ needs and activating their prior knowledge?
Explore (Introduction/Activity)
What are the two key ideas of the Understanding by Design framework?
Focusing on teaching and assessing for understanding, and designing curriculum backward
In which model of the Curriculum – Instruction Relationship are curriculum and instruction shown as separate systems entwined?
Interlocking model
What does the UbD framework consider effective curriculum planning?
Planning backward from long-term desired results
What is the purpose of need assessment in curriculum planning?
To identify the strengths and weaknesses of existing curriculum situations
Which source is considered for providing guidance on appropriate content for curriculum design?
Eternal and divine sources
What does the BASIC principle stand for in guiding the content of the curriculum?
Balanced, Articulated, Sequential, Integrated, Continuous
Which factor is considered when selecting objectives for curriculum planning?
Learnability
What is self-sufficiency in the selection of subject matter for curriculum planning?
The degree to which the content fosters independence in learning
What does feasibility refer to in the selection of subject matter for curriculum planning?
The question 'can the selected content be taught in the time allowed?'
What is the primary focus of curriculum implementation?
Putting the curriculum plan into action
What is the primary purpose of curriculum evaluation?
To determine the extent to which desired outcomes have been achieved
According to Stufflebeam's CIPP Model of Evaluation, which component focuses on identifying if the program is succeeding?
Product
What does 'Curriculum Improvement' refer to?
Enriching and modifying certain aspects without changing fundamental conceptions/elements/structure
According to principles guiding the change process, how do people improve?
Through experience
Which axiom of curriculum change suggests that curriculum changes made at an earlier period can exist concurrently with newer curriculum changes at a later period of time?
Axiom 3
What is the aim of the principles that guide the change process?
To create a climate of freedom
What are the levels of operations for improvement according to the text?
Substitution, alternation, restructuring, perturbation, value orientation change
What does Curriculum Change refer to?
Refers to basic alteration in structure and design of learning experiences based on conceptions
What does Curriculum Improvement entail?
Enriching and modifying certain aspects without changing fundamental conceptions/elements/structure
What are Stufflebeam's CIPP Model components for evaluation?
Context - What needs to be done? Input - How should it be done? Process - Is it being done? Product - Is it succeeding?
What is deemed necessary in 'Curriculum Implementation'?
Putting into action the plan where learning becomes an active process
Study Notes
Curriculum Development
- The main purpose of curriculum development is to create a structured and intentional plan for learning.
- The 'artist' and 'studio' refer to the curriculum developer and the educational setting, respectively.
Curriculum Models
- According to Arthur Cunningham, a curriculum is a set of plans and intentions for learning.
- The Tyler Model involves four principles: identifying learning objectives, selecting learning experiences, organizing learning experiences, and evaluating the learning process.
- The Leyton Soto Model involves a more flexible and adaptive approach to curriculum development.
- The Taba Model involves a backward design approach, where learning objectives are identified before selecting learning experiences.
- The Saylor, Alexander, and Lewis Model involves four components: philosophy, goals, objectives, and learning experiences.
- The Oliva Model involves a more holistic and integrated approach to curriculum development.
Learning Levels and Strands
- The 2019 ALS-K to 12 BEC Basic Literacy includes learning levels from Kindergarten to Grade 10.
- The Life and Career Skills strand focuses on developing essential life skills.
Educational Programs
- The Madrasah Education Program aims to provide educational opportunities within the context of Muslim culture.
- Outcome-Based Education (OBE) involves setting specific learning outcomes for students to achieve.
Cognitive and Psychomotor Domains
- According to Benjamin Bloom, the cognitive domain involves six levels: knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation.
- According to Elizabeth Simpson, the psychomotor domain involves seven levels: perception, set, guided response, mechanism, complex overt response, adaptation, and origination.
- According to Lorin Anderson and David Krathwohl, the cognitive domain involves six levels: remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating.
Philosophies of Education
- The role of teachers in Perennialism is to transmit knowledge and cultural values.
- The aim of education in Essentialism is to develop essential skills and knowledge.
- In Reconstructionism, teachers act as agents of change and reform.
- The focus of Progressivism is on student-centered learning and experiential education.
Curriculum Components and Implementation
- The elements of the curriculum related to institutional objectives include educational goals, learning objectives, and learning experiences.
- The role of community members in curriculum implementation is to provide support and resources.
- The Senior High School Program focuses on preparing students for tertiary education, skill development, employment, and entrepreneurship.
Curriculum Evaluation
- The primary purpose of curriculum evaluation is to assess the effectiveness of the curriculum.
- According to Stufflebeam's CIPP Model, the components of evaluation are context, input, process, and product.
- Curriculum improvement involves identifying areas for improvement and making changes to the curriculum.
Explore the roles of different stakeholders in curriculum implementation, including learners, teachers, curriculum managers, and administrators. Understand how each group contributes to shaping and executing the curriculum.
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