Cell Cycle and Cell Division

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What is the stage where chromosomes become gradually visible under a light microscope?

Pachytene

Zygotene

Diplotene

Prophase-I (correct)

What is the term for the pairing of homologous chromosomes?

Recombination

Crossing over

Desynapsis

Synapsis (correct)

What is the stage where the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes occurs?

Zygotene

Pachytene (correct)

Metaphase

Diplotene

What is the term for the two chromosomes that are similar in form, size, and structure?

Homologous Signup and view all the answers

During which stage do the homologous chromosomes start separating?

Diplotene Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the point of exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes?

Chiasma Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of karyokinesis characterized by the formation of chromosomes from the condensed filament?

Prophase Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when the nuclear membrane disappears during mitosis?

Eumitosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that surrounds the centromere of a chromosome during metaphase?

Kinetochore Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the stage of karyokinesis where the chromosomes come to lie at the equatorial plate?

Metaphase Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the assembly of the mitotic spindle that mediates the microtubule-chromosome interactions required for chromosome movement?

Congression Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of mitosis that occurs in animal cells?

Amphiastral Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of diplotene stage in oocytes of some vertebrates?

It lasts for months or years Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the nuclear membrane during diakinesis?

It breaks down Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of microtubules in metaphase I?

They provide both mechanical support and cell movement Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of prophase I do the chromosomes align on the equatorial plate?

Late metaphase I Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of spindle microtubules pulling the homologous chromosomes in anaphase I?

The homologous chromosomes are separated Signup and view all the answers

During which stage do the microtubules from opposite poles attach to the kinetochores of the pair of homologous chromosomes?

Early metaphase I Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of chromosomes during interkinesis?

They remain elongated Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the process that occurs during telophase I?

Two daughter nuclei with half the number of chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between prophase I and prophase II?

Prophase II is simpler than prophase I Signup and view all the answers

During which stage do the spindle fibres completely disappear?

Telophase I Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the stage where the cytoplasm is divided equally into daughter cells?

Cytokinesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the chromosomes at the end of meiosis I?

They are bivalent Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary outcome of the condensation of chromatin fibers during prophase II?

The formation of compact chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

At which stage of meiosis II do the microtubules of the spindle apparatus pull the sister chromatids to the opposite poles?

Anaphase II Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the spindle fibers degenerating during telophase II?

The decondensation of chromosomes into chromatin Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of meiosis II do the condensed chromosomes align at the equatorial plate?

Metaphase II Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of cytokinesis in meiosis II?

The formation of four haploid cells Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of meiosis II do the centrioles move towards the opposite ends of the cell?

Prophase II Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the kinetochore in karyokinesis?

To form the site of attachment of microtubules Signup and view all the answers

During anaphase, what happens to the centromere of each chromatid?

It splits into two identical centromeres Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the spindle fibers pulling the chromatids during anaphase?

The chromatids are pulled towards their respective poles Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of chromosomes during telophase?

They start decondensing into chromatin fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of cell division in animal cells that involves the formation of a furrow?

Cytokinesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the final result of telophase and cytokinesis?

The formation of two identical daughter nuclei Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of chromosomes during telophase I?

They have reached the poles Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the spindle fibers during telophase I?

They completely disappear Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of meiosis that follows telophase I?

Cytokinesis Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during anaphase I?

The reduction in the number of chromosomes occurs Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of cytokinesis in meiosis?

Two daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of prophase II?

It is initiated after cytokinesis I Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the nuclear membrane during early prophase II?

It starts to disintegrate Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during metaphase II?

Chromosomes align at the equatorial plate Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the sister chromatids during anaphase II?

They split and move towards the opposite poles Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of cytokinesis?

Formation of four haploid cells Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the chromosomes during telophase II?

They decondense into chromatin Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of meiosis?

It produces gametes for sexual reproduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of attachment of microtubules?

Kinetochore Signup and view all the answers

During anaphase, what happens to the sister chromatids?

They separate into two identical and independent chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of chromosomes during telophase?

They are observed to be clustered at opposite poles Signup and view all the answers

In animal cells, cytokinesis is achieved by the formation of a?

Cell furrow Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the centromere during anaphase?

It splits and each chromatid gets its own Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the spindle fibers pulling the chromatids during anaphase?

Chromosomes move to opposite poles Signup and view all the answers

Cell Cycle and Cell Division

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Questions and Answers

What is the stage where chromosomes become gradually visible under a light microscope?

What is the term for the pairing of homologous chromosomes?

What is the stage where the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes occurs?

What is the term for the two chromosomes that are similar in form, size, and structure?

During which stage do the homologous chromosomes start separating?

What is the term for the point of exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes?

What is the stage of karyokinesis characterized by the formation of chromosomes from the condensed filament?

What is the process called when the nuclear membrane disappears during mitosis?

What is the structure that surrounds the centromere of a chromosome during metaphase?

What is the term for the stage of karyokinesis where the chromosomes come to lie at the equatorial plate?

What is the term for the assembly of the mitotic spindle that mediates the microtubule-chromosome interactions required for chromosome movement?

What is the type of mitosis that occurs in animal cells?

What is the characteristic of diplotene stage in oocytes of some vertebrates?

What happens to the nuclear membrane during diakinesis?

What is the function of microtubules in metaphase I?

During which stage of prophase I do the chromosomes align on the equatorial plate?

What is the result of spindle microtubules pulling the homologous chromosomes in anaphase I?

During which stage do the microtubules from opposite poles attach to the kinetochores of the pair of homologous chromosomes?

What is the characteristic of chromosomes during interkinesis?

What is the result of the process that occurs during telophase I?

What is the difference between prophase I and prophase II?

During which stage do the spindle fibres completely disappear?

What is the term for the stage where the cytoplasm is divided equally into daughter cells?

What is the characteristic of the chromosomes at the end of meiosis I?

What is the primary outcome of the condensation of chromatin fibers during prophase II?

At which stage of meiosis II do the microtubules of the spindle apparatus pull the sister chromatids to the opposite poles?

What is the result of the spindle fibers degenerating during telophase II?

During which stage of meiosis II do the condensed chromosomes align at the equatorial plate?

What is the outcome of cytokinesis in meiosis II?

During which stage of meiosis II do the centrioles move towards the opposite ends of the cell?

What is the primary function of the kinetochore in karyokinesis?

During anaphase, what happens to the centromere of each chromatid?

What is the result of the spindle fibers pulling the chromatids during anaphase?

What is the characteristic of chromosomes during telophase?

What is the process of cell division in animal cells that involves the formation of a furrow?

What is the final result of telophase and cytokinesis?

What is a characteristic of chromosomes during telophase I?

What happens to the spindle fibers during telophase I?

What is the stage of meiosis that follows telophase I?

What occurs during anaphase I?

What is the result of cytokinesis in meiosis?

What is a characteristic of prophase II?

What happens to the nuclear membrane during early prophase II?

What occurs during metaphase II?

What happens to the sister chromatids during anaphase II?

What is the outcome of cytokinesis?

What happens to the chromosomes during telophase II?

What is the significance of meiosis?

What is the primary site of attachment of microtubules?

During anaphase, what happens to the sister chromatids?

What is the characteristic of chromosomes during telophase?

In animal cells, cytokinesis is achieved by the formation of a?

What happens to the centromere during anaphase?

What is the result of the spindle fibers pulling the chromatids during anaphase?

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