Dysarthria

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Questions and Answers

What is one of the parameters assessed in the perceptual speech assessment of dysarthria?

Intonation

Emotion

Pitch (correct)

Volume control

Which category does not belong to the Mayo clinic classification of dysarthria?

Articulation

Syntax (correct)

Voice

Resonance

In the vowel prolongation task, how long should participants sustain the sound 'ah'?

20-25 seconds

10-15 seconds (correct)

5-10 seconds

15-20 seconds

What does the alternating motion rates (DDK) task primarily assess?

Speed and regularity of movements Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not an interest parameter in the sequential motion rates task?

Voice modulation Signup and view all the answers

What type of speech signal feature is associated with instrumental assessment?

Kinematic Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter is included in both the BRAV assessment for Sam and Jim?

Breathing Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is not directly measured in perceptual speech assessment?

Language comprehension Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by imprecise consonants and distorted vowels in speech production?

Tongue weakness or paralysis Signup and view all the answers

What type of speech may result from unilateral or bilateral velar paralysis?

Hypernasal speech Signup and view all the answers

What does abnormal stress in speech refer to?

Reduced or excessive emphasis on syllables Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of dysprosody?

Consistent rate of speech Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of instrumental speech evaluation?

Quantifying speech frequency, intensity, and temporal components Signup and view all the answers

What might be observed in a patient with irregular articulatory breakdowns?

Imprecise consonants and irregular movements Signup and view all the answers

What does a speech spectrogram analyze?

The numerical values of speech frequency and intensity Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is a sign of accelerative speech?

Rapid increase in speech rate Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment quantifies single-word intelligibility, sentence intelligibility, and speaking rate in speakers with dysarthria?

Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment?

To evaluate the overall intelligibility of speech Signup and view all the answers

Which test was revised and associated with Robertson in 1995?

Robertson Dysarthria Profile Signup and view all the answers

Which component is included in the Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment?

Measurement of vocal pitch Signup and view all the answers

What type of test is the Sentence Intelligibility Test?

A measure of intelligibility in spoken sentences Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following assessments is primarily focused on dysarthric speech reflexes?

Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment measures the ability to produce single words?

Word Intelligibility Test Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does the Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech NOT quantify?

Vocal pitch assessment Signup and view all the answers

What does speech intelligibility primarily focus on?

The accuracy of the acoustic signal conveyed by the speaker Signup and view all the answers

What does comprehensibility emphasize in communication?

Signal-independent information Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment tool is specifically for measuring word-level intelligibility?

Multiple Word Intelligibility Test Signup and view all the answers

What is one limitation of the intelligibility measurement index?

It doesn’t indicate whether the issue lies with the speaker or listener Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as a connected speech level assessment?

Word section of Assessment of Intelligibility Signup and view all the answers

How is efficiency defined in the context of intelligibility assessment?

The effectiveness of communication between participants Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment would likely analyze conversational speech?

Grandfather passage reading Signup and view all the answers

What factor can influence intelligibility aside from the speaker's clarity?

The conversational partner's familiarity with the topic Signup and view all the answers

How has the individual's speech problem affected their self-perception?

It has had a negative effect on how they see themselves. Signup and view all the answers

What might the individual feel when someone asks them to repeat?

Stupid for having to repeat. Signup and view all the answers

How does the individual perceive their speech problem in relation to their independence?

It has increased their dependence on others. Signup and view all the answers

What is the individual's perspective on feeling inadequate due to their speech problem?

They do not feel inadequate due to their speech. Signup and view all the answers

How does the individual view their speech problem's impact on their fundamental identity?

It has not changed them fundamentally as a person. Signup and view all the answers

What feeling does the individual report when they are misunderstood?

They do not feel foolish when misunderstood. Signup and view all the answers

In terms of coping with their speech problem, how has the individual adjusted their confidence?

They feel equally confident now as before. Signup and view all the answers

How does the individual feel about talking compared to how they used to feel?

They think they sound the same as before. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Speech Signal Features

Speech signal features can be instrumental or visual.
Instrumental features include breathing, resonance, articulation, and voice.
Visual features include kinematic and aerodynamic characteristics.

Perceptual Speech Assessment

Perceptual speech assessment is based on distinctive speech characteristics.
Mayo clinic classification of dysarthria (DAB) is based on perceptual speech assessment.
The Mayo Clinic classification of dysarthria considers 38 speech characteristics.
The Mayo Clinic classification of dysarthria considers 38 speech characteristics that fall into different categories.

Speech Assessment Tasks

Vowel prolongation is assessing how long a person can say "ah" steadily and clearly.
Parameters measured in vowel prolongation include pitch, loudness, voice quality, and breath support.
Alternating motion rates (DDK) assesses speed and regularity of articulator movements.
The DDK task assesses articulatory precision.
Sequential motion rates (SMRs) assesses rapid sequential movement from one articulatory position to another.
Speech production at word and sentence level assesses articulation.
Picture description assesses articulation, it may reveal imprecise bilabial sounds if the person has lip weakness.
Connected speech assessments assess articulation and resonance.
Resonance assessments include: asking the person to say “u” with a mirror under the nose and asking the person to differentiate between phonemes "nay/bay" and "may/pay".
Prosody assessments focus on: dysprosody, monotonous speech, uneven and equal stress patterns in speech, and intonation.

Instrumental Speech Evaluation

Instrumental speech evaluation visually displays and quantifies frequency, intensity and temporal components of speech.
Computerised Speech Lab (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2yO3JZB-yvU) is an example of instrumental speech evaluation.

Formal Dysarthria Assessment

Frenchy Dysarthria Assessment (FDA) assesses cough reflex, swallow reflex, drool at rest, breathing at rest and during speech, lip function in various movements, jaw function, palate function, laryngeal function, tongue function in various movements, and intelligibility.
Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech (AIDS) quantifys single-word intelligibility, sentence intelligibility, and speaking rate.
Sentence Intelligibility Test (SIT) assesses the intelligibility of sentences, the test can be administered by a clinician or through a computer.
Word Intelligibility Test (WIT) assesses the intelligibility of individual words, the test can be administered by a clinician or through a computer.
Robertson Dysarthria Profile assesses a wide variety of speech and oral motor functions.

Assessment of Intelligibility, Comprehensibility, and Efficiency (ICE)

Intelligibility is the accuracy with which an acoustic signal is conveyed by the speaker and recovered by the listener.
Comprehensibility is the extent to which a message can be understood by the listener within a communication context.
Efficiency is the overall effectiveness of communication.

Intelligibility Measurement

Index of severity assesses the severity of a speech impairment.
Index of functional limitation assesses the impact of a speech impairment on a person’s ability to communicate.

Comprehensibility

Comprehensibility includes: semantic, syntactic, and physical contexts.
It is influenced by a wide range of factors beyond the speech signal itself.

Communication Effectiveness Survey (CES)

The CES measures a person’s perception of their own speech difficulties.

Severity Rating of Functional Speech

ASHA NOMS Motor Speech Workshop: rates the severity of a person's speech problems and identifies areas for therapy intervention.
Therapy Outcome Measure (TOM) Activity Scale: Dysphasia/Aphasia measures the functional impact of dysarthria on a person’s ability to communicate.

Additional Information

Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment (FDA): see video demonstration here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2ZR1JCmkmw&t=552s
Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech (AIDS): see video demonstration here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4-4FJa84daw
Robertson Dysarthria Profile: See Blackboard.
ASHA NOMS Motor Speech Workshop: Watch this clip and rate the persons speech using the ASHA NOMS scale: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-3oasbo-28
Therapy Outcome Measure (TOM) Activity Scale: Dysphasia / Aphasia: http://www.communitytherapy.org.uk/slides/Measuring_Impact_Stroke_on_Conversation_ABowen.pdf

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Description

This quiz covers essential aspects of speech signal features, including instrumental and visual characteristics. It also delves into perceptual speech assessment, particularly the Mayo Clinic classification of dysarthria, and evaluates various speech assessment tasks like vowel prolongation and alternating motion rates. Test your knowledge on these crucial components of speech analysis.