Speech Disorders Quiz: Dysarthria and Apraxia

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of dysarthria?

Altered prosody

Impaired articulation

Difficulty with respiration

Inability to understand spoken language (correct)

Apraxia primarily affects articulation and prosody.

True (A)

What is the primary difference between dysarthria and apraxia?

Dysarthria involves impaired muscle control of speech mechanisms, leading to disordered speech production. Apraxia, on the other hand, involves difficulty planning and sequencing the movements for speech production.

The term "______" refers to a specific type of speech disorder caused by abnormal functioning of the motor system that controls speech production.

Motor speech disorder Signup and view all the answers

Match the historical periods with their corresponding contributions to understanding speech disorders:

Ancient Greece = Descriptions of speechlessness and tongue paralysis Middle Ages and Renaissance = Descriptions of omitted and added syllables, babbling speech Nineteenth Century = More specific descriptions including "shaking palsy" and "slow drawling manner" Signup and view all the answers

What is the root meaning of "dysarthria"?

Disordered utterance (A) Signup and view all the answers

Early medical writers in ancient times were not as advanced in their approach to medicine as modern physicians.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the first accurate description of apraxia of speech?

Liepmann Signup and view all the answers

Which type of motor speech disorder primarily affects the ability to smoothly sequence speech-producing movements?

Apraxia (B) Signup and view all the answers

Dysarthria can affect articulation, respiration, prosody, resonance, and phonation.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'apraxia' refer to in the context of speech disorders?

Deficit in the ability to smoothly sequence speech-producing movements. Signup and view all the answers

Dysarthria is a collection of speech production deficits caused by __________ functioning of the motor system.

abnormal Signup and view all the answers

Match the following historical figures with their contributions to speech disorders:

Hippocrates = Early accounts of speech and language disorders Bernard of Gordon = Described omitted and added syllables in speech Liepmann = Accurate description of apraxia of speech Wernicke = Described nonverbal oral apraxia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following descriptions is associated with ancient medical writers?

Tongue was paralyzed (B) Signup and view all the answers

Motor speech disorders only encompass dysarthria.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which medical era saw more specific descriptions of speech disorders, including terms like 'shaking palsy'?

1800s Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Motor Speech Disorders

Motor system controls motor movements
Speech is communication using vocal symbols (physical production)
Disorders are abnormalities of function

Motor Speech Disorders (continued)

Collection of speech production deficits caused by abnormal motor system functioning
Seven types of dysarthria and one type of apraxia

Dysarthria

Impaired speech production due to disturbances in muscular control of speech mechanism
"Disordered utterance"
Dys (disordered) and arthria (Greek for "to utter distinctly")
Can affect articulation, respiration, prosody, resonance, and phonation
Misconception: slurred speech is a key characteristic

Apraxia

Deficit in smoothly sequencing speech-producing movements of the tongue, lips, jaw, and other parts of the speech mechanism
A (absence of) and praxia (Greek for "performance of action")
Primarily affects articulation and prosody
Often occurs with left hemisphere brain damage

Historical Review

Examining early reports helps understanding historical context
Many ancient medical writers used a modern approach
Taking an analytical approach to medicine

Case Reports from Ancient Greece

Earliest written accounts of speech and language disorders are in the Hippocratic Corpus
Descriptions include: speechlessness of tongue, recovered use of tongue, or paralysis of the tongue

Case Reports from the Middle Ages and Renaissance

Descriptions from case reports include: omitting and adding syllables, speech attempts filled with a child's babble

Two Early Theories on the Localization of Reason

Four cerebral ventricles (ancient times to 16th century)
Meninges-controlled senses and movement

From the Nineteenth Century to Today

Case reports and medical descriptions became more precise in the 1800s
Descriptions included "shaking palsy" and "slow drawling manner"

From the Nineteenth Century to Today (continued)

Liepmann accurately described apraxia of speech in 1900
Wernicke described nonverbal oral apraxia in 1906

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge about speech disorders, focusing on dysarthria and apraxia. Explore characteristics, differences, and historical contributions to understanding these conditions through this engaging quiz. Perfect for students in speech-language pathology or related fields.