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Questions and Answers
What is the main purpose of a sound reinforcement system?
What is the main purpose of a sound reinforcement system?
- To amplify and reinforce the sound (correct)
- To reduce the loudness of the sound
- To completely mute the sound
- To distort the sound quality
In an ideal sound system, what should be the characteristic of frequency response?
In an ideal sound system, what should be the characteristic of frequency response?
- Muted frequency response
- Linear frequency response (correct)
- Non-linear frequency response
- Distorted frequency response
What does directivity refer to in a sound system?
What does directivity refer to in a sound system?
- The ability to distort sound waves
- The ability to play sounds in reverse
- The characteristic of where sound appears to be coming from (correct)
- The ability to completely silence sound
At what distance should an ideal sound system provide the same loudness and quality of sound for speech?
At what distance should an ideal sound system provide the same loudness and quality of sound for speech?
Where would a sound system typically be required based on size?
Where would a sound system typically be required based on size?
'Directionally invisible' loudspeakers mean that:
'Directionally invisible' loudspeakers mean that:
What population size would necessitate a sound system according to the text?
What population size would necessitate a sound system according to the text?
'Linear frequency response' in an ideal sound system implies:
'Linear frequency response' in an ideal sound system implies:
What is the purpose of adding 10 dB to noise insulation requirements?
What is the purpose of adding 10 dB to noise insulation requirements?
How does the installation of acoustical materials affect noise in a room?
How does the installation of acoustical materials affect noise in a room?
In what type of spaces are absorption techniques particularly effective?
In what type of spaces are absorption techniques particularly effective?
What is one of the benefits of using absorption techniques in rooms with distributed noise sources?
What is one of the benefits of using absorption techniques in rooms with distributed noise sources?
Why is it important to have absorption techniques in spaces with hard surfaces and little absorptive content?
Why is it important to have absorption techniques in spaces with hard surfaces and little absorptive content?
What is the main purpose of absorption recommendations in relation to room characteristics?
What is the main purpose of absorption recommendations in relation to room characteristics?
Which of the following is NOT true about acoustical materials' effects when installed in a room?
Which of the following is NOT true about acoustical materials' effects when installed in a room?
What is a key method mentioned for reducing machinery noise at its source?
What is a key method mentioned for reducing machinery noise at its source?
What are the principal sources of room noise mentioned in the text?
What are the principal sources of room noise mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a principal contributor to noise in offices, churches, and residences?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a principal contributor to noise in offices, churches, and residences?
What is the term used to describe the highest level of noise within a building that neither disturbs its occupants nor impairs its acoustics?
What is the term used to describe the highest level of noise within a building that neither disturbs its occupants nor impairs its acoustics?
What is emphasized as an important factor in selecting the site of a building to control noise?
What is emphasized as an important factor in selecting the site of a building to control noise?
In what way can architects contribute to planning against noise in buildings?
In what way can architects contribute to planning against noise in buildings?
What is mentioned as an indispensable part of good planning against noise in buildings?
What is mentioned as an indispensable part of good planning against noise in buildings?
'Quiet sites' are dependent on which key factor?
'Quiet sites' are dependent on which key factor?
What are the three basic elements that all sound systems consist of?
What are the three basic elements that all sound systems consist of?
What is a control frequently required in theatre systems?
What is a control frequently required in theatre systems?
What is the intended purpose of an amplifier in a sound system?
What is the intended purpose of an amplifier in a sound system?
In noise control, what knowledge should an intelligent approach be based upon?
In noise control, what knowledge should an intelligent approach be based upon?
Which component is responsible for converting sound signals into electrical signals in a sound system?
Which component is responsible for converting sound signals into electrical signals in a sound system?
What is the recommended intensity level for symphonic music in a sound system?
What is the recommended intensity level for symphonic music in a sound system?
Which factor is important for noise reduction according to the text?
Which factor is important for noise reduction according to the text?
What is the purpose of a delay mechanism in a sound system?
What is the purpose of a delay mechanism in a sound system?
What is a common source of solid-borne noise?
What is a common source of solid-borne noise?
How does the speed of solid-borne sound transmission compare to the speed of sound in air?
How does the speed of solid-borne sound transmission compare to the speed of sound in air?
Which material is NOT mentioned as a means to reduce impact transmission to the floor?
Which material is NOT mentioned as a means to reduce impact transmission to the floor?
What is the purpose of using a segment of flexible metallic or rubber hose in a pipe?
What is the purpose of using a segment of flexible metallic or rubber hose in a pipe?
In what context are the ratings of floor constructions compared with the concrete slab itself?
In what context are the ratings of floor constructions compared with the concrete slab itself?
What is a key difference between solid-borne noise and airborne sound in terms of transmission and suppression?
What is a key difference between solid-borne noise and airborne sound in terms of transmission and suppression?
Which type of noise usually originates from machinery vibration?
Which type of noise usually originates from machinery vibration?
What impact does solid-borne noise have on a concrete slab's rating?
What impact does solid-borne noise have on a concrete slab's rating?
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Study Notes
Sound Reinforcement Systems
- The purpose of a sound reinforcement system is to reinforce sound that would otherwise be inadequate, providing the same loudness and quality as the original sound.
- An ideal sound system should have a linear frequency response, directionality, and make the sound appear to come from the originating source.
- Sound systems are typically required in spaces larger than 50,000 cu.ft or with a population of 550 people.
- A sound system consists of three basic elements: input devices, amplifier(s), and loudspeaker systems.
- Input devices include microphones, recorded materials, and commercial music sources.
- Amplifiers and controls are used to produce intensity levels of 80 db for speech, 95 db for light music, and 105 db for symphonic music.
- Delay mechanisms or circuits can introduce a time delay into a signal being fed to a loudspeaker.
Noise Control
- An intelligent approach to noise control requires knowledge of the magnitude, nature, and distribution of noise in buildings and outdoors.
- Acceptable noise levels in buildings vary depending on the type of building and its purpose.
- Noise control measures include:
- Siting and planning against noise
- Grading and landscaping
- Building layout
- Reduction of sound through partitions and flexible connectors
- Reduction of machinery noise at its source
- Reduction of noise by sound-absorptive treatment
- The principal sources of room noise can be grouped into three broad classifications: people, machinery, and outdoor sources.
- Outdoor noise is often the principal contributor to noise in offices, churches, and residences, with automobile traffic being the largest source.
Air-Borne Noise Reduction
- Noise insulation requirements vary depending on the type of building and its purpose.
- Noise reduction can be achieved through sound-absorptive treatment, which:
- Reduces reverberation time
- Reduces the overall noise level
- Localizes noise to the region of its origin
- Absorption techniques are useful and effective in certain situations, such as:
- Changing room reverberation characteristics
- Reducing noise in spaces with distributed noise sources
- Reducing noise in spaces with hard surfaces and little absorptive content
Solid-Borne Sound Reduction
- Solid-borne noise usually originates from impacts or machinery vibration and travels through a solid building structure with a speed of about ten times that of sound in air.
- Measures for reducing solid-borne noise include:
- Using heavy carpeting, cork tile, or linoleum on felt to reduce impact transmission to the floor
- Using a segment of flexible metallic or rubber hose in a pipe to lessen the propagation of impulses along
- Floor and ceiling constructions can be rated for their effectiveness in reducing solid-borne noise.
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