Phonology: Study of Sound Systems in Language

Study Notes

Study of the sound system of a language, focusing on the distribution and patterning of speech sounds
Examines the sound patterns and sound changes in a language
Concerned with the sound system as a whole, rather than individual sounds
Key concepts:
- Phonemes: smallest units of sound in a language that distinguish meaning
- Allophones: variations of phonemes that do not change the meaning of words
- Syllable structure: pattern of sounds within a syllable
- Phonological rules: rules governing the combination of sounds in a language

Study of the physical properties of speech sounds, including their production, transmission, and perception
Examines the characteristics of individual sounds, such as their place, manner, and voicing of articulation
Concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds, rather than their linguistic function
Key concepts:
- Articulation: the process of producing speech sounds
- Acoustics: the study of the physical properties of sound waves
- Audition: the process of perceiving speech sounds
- Transcription: representing speech sounds using phonetic symbols (e.g. IPA)

Phonology is the study of a language's sound system, focusing on the distribution and patterning of speech sounds.
It examines sound patterns and sound changes in a language.
The sound system is considered as a whole, rather than individual sounds.
Phonemes are the smallest units of sound in a language that distinguish meaning.
Allophones are variations of phonemes that do not change the meaning of words.
Syllable structure refers to the pattern of sounds within a syllable.
Phonological rules govern the combination of sounds in a language.

Phonetics is the study of the physical properties of speech sounds, including their production, transmission, and perception.
It examines the characteristics of individual sounds, such as their place, manner, and voicing of articulation.
The physical properties of speech sounds are considered, rather than their linguistic function.
Articulation is the process of producing speech sounds.
Acoustics is the study of the physical properties of sound waves.
Audition is the process of perceiving speech sounds.
Transcription represents speech sounds using phonetic symbols, such as the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).

Physical properties of speech sounds are studied in phonetics
Examines production, transmission, and perception of speech sounds
Description of speech sounds involves acoustic, articulatory, and auditory properties
Three subfields of phonetics:
- Articulatory phonetics: physical properties of speech sounds in production
- Acoustic phonetics: physical properties of speech sounds in transmission
- Auditory phonetics: perception of speech sounds by the listener

Study of the sound system of languages is phonology
Examines distribution and patterning of speech sounds in languages
Focus on sound patterns, including relationships between sounds and their distribution
Key concepts in phonology:
- Phonemes: smallest units of sound distinguishing meaning
- Allophones: variations of phonemes without changing word meaning
- Phonological rules: patterns of sound change in languages
- Syllable structure: arrangement of sounds within syllables
- Phonotactics: rules governing possible sound combinations in a language