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Questions and Answers
All but one of the following is an example of a solid dosage form (a) powders (b) liniment (c) granules (d) tablets
All but one of the following is an example of a solid dosage form (a) powders (b) liniment (c) granules (d) tablets
- granules
- liniment (correct)
- powders
- tablets
Granules are prepared because of the following reasons except (a) to improve the flow of powders (b) to enhance powder segregation (c) to improve the compressibility of powders into tablets (d) all of the above
Granules are prepared because of the following reasons except (a) to improve the flow of powders (b) to enhance powder segregation (c) to improve the compressibility of powders into tablets (d) all of the above
- to improve the flow of powders
- to enhance powder segregation
- to improve the compressibility of powders into tablets
- all of the above (correct)
An increase in particle size leads to a corresponding increase in the surface area of the particles (a) True (b) False
An increase in particle size leads to a corresponding increase in the surface area of the particles (a) True (b) False
False (B)
The particle size of a drug does not affect its release from dosage forms that are administered orally, parenterally, rectally and topically (a) True (b) False
The particle size of a drug does not affect its release from dosage forms that are administered orally, parenterally, rectally and topically (a) True (b) False
A Carr's index values of 12% signifies (a) good compressibility (b) excellent compressibility (c) fair compressibility (d) poor compressibility
A Carr's index values of 12% signifies (a) good compressibility (b) excellent compressibility (c) fair compressibility (d) poor compressibility
An angle of repose values of 26° signifies (a) excellent compressibility (b) good compressibility (c) fair compressibility (d) poor compressibility
An angle of repose values of 26° signifies (a) excellent compressibility (b) good compressibility (c) fair compressibility (d) poor compressibility
The hardness of a tablet depends on (a) compression force (b) concentration of the binding agent (c) type of the binding agent (d) all of the above
The hardness of a tablet depends on (a) compression force (b) concentration of the binding agent (c) type of the binding agent (d) all of the above
The percentage of weight loss of powder from the surface of the tablets due to mechanical action is called (a) hardness (b) friability (c) disintegration (d) all of the above
The percentage of weight loss of powder from the surface of the tablets due to mechanical action is called (a) hardness (b) friability (c) disintegration (d) all of the above
The official tests of tablets include all but one of the following (a) weight variation (b) dissolution (c) content uniformity (d) size and shape
The official tests of tablets include all but one of the following (a) weight variation (b) dissolution (c) content uniformity (d) size and shape
Disintegrants are incorporated into tablets (a) intragranularly (b) extragranularly (c) intra-extragranularly (d) all of the above
Disintegrants are incorporated into tablets (a) intragranularly (b) extragranularly (c) intra-extragranularly (d) all of the above
Lubricants (a) prevent adhesion of the tablet materials to the surface of the dies and punches (b) Reduce inter particle friction (c) Facilitate the ejection of the tablets from the die cavity (d) all of the above
Lubricants (a) prevent adhesion of the tablet materials to the surface of the dies and punches (b) Reduce inter particle friction (c) Facilitate the ejection of the tablets from the die cavity (d) all of the above
All but one of the following are the mechanisms of action of disintegrants in tablets (a) swelling (b) capillary action (c) diffusion (d) wicking
All but one of the following are the mechanisms of action of disintegrants in tablets (a) swelling (b) capillary action (c) diffusion (d) wicking
All but one of the following are types of mixture (a) positive mixture (b) natural mixture (c) negative mixture (d) neutral mixture
All but one of the following are types of mixture (a) positive mixture (b) natural mixture (c) negative mixture (d) neutral mixture
The main objectives of mixing include all but one of the following (a) To promote chemical reaction to get uniform products (b) Dispersion of solid in liquid to form suspension or paste (c) Dispersion of two immiscible liquids to form an emulsion (d) none of the above
The main objectives of mixing include all but one of the following (a) To promote chemical reaction to get uniform products (b) Dispersion of solid in liquid to form suspension or paste (c) Dispersion of two immiscible liquids to form an emulsion (d) none of the above
Which of the following is a method used in the preparation of granules (a) dry granulation (b) wet granulation (c) melt granulation (d) all of the above
Which of the following is a method used in the preparation of granules (a) dry granulation (b) wet granulation (c) melt granulation (d) all of the above
The science and technology of small particles is called (a) micrometrics (b) micromeritics (c) micrometer (d) all of the above
The science and technology of small particles is called (a) micrometrics (b) micromeritics (c) micrometer (d) all of the above
The flow and compressibility of powders can be measured by the following methods except (a) angle of repose (b) Carr's index (c) Hausner ratio (d) angle of elevation
The flow and compressibility of powders can be measured by the following methods except (a) angle of repose (b) Carr's index (c) Hausner ratio (d) angle of elevation
All but one of the following methods is used in determining the particle size of powders (a) optical microscopy (b) Viscometer (c) sieving (d) sedimentation
All but one of the following methods is used in determining the particle size of powders (a) optical microscopy (b) Viscometer (c) sieving (d) sedimentation
The factors affecting the mixing of powders include all but one of the following (a) particle size (b) particle shape (c) viscosity of the powders (d) density of the powders
The factors affecting the mixing of powders include all but one of the following (a) particle size (b) particle shape (c) viscosity of the powders (d) density of the powders
Powders are more stable to atmospheric conditions compared to granules (a) True (b) False
Powders are more stable to atmospheric conditions compared to granules (a) True (b) False
The temperature and pressure at which a substance can exist in equilibrium in the liquid, solid, and gaseous states is called (a) triple temperature (b) triple pressure (c) triple point (d) all of the above
The temperature and pressure at which a substance can exist in equilibrium in the liquid, solid, and gaseous states is called (a) triple temperature (b) triple pressure (c) triple point (d) all of the above
The point at which a solid is sublimed is known as (a) eutetic point (b) eutectic point (c) triple point (d) all of the above
The point at which a solid is sublimed is known as (a) eutetic point (b) eutectic point (c) triple point (d) all of the above
All but one of the following are the advantages of freeze drying (a) Minimum damage and loss of activity in delicate heat-liable materials (b) Speed and completeness of rehydration (c) Drying takes place at very low temperatures, so that enzyme action is activated and decomposition particularly hydrolysis is minimized (d) formation of porous and friable structure
All but one of the following are the advantages of freeze drying (a) Minimum damage and loss of activity in delicate heat-liable materials (b) Speed and completeness of rehydration (c) Drying takes place at very low temperatures, so that enzyme action is activated and decomposition particularly hydrolysis is minimized (d) formation of porous and friable structure
All but one of the following are the disadvantages of freeze drying (a) High capital cost of equipment (b) High energy cost (c) Short processing time (d) Very expensive
All but one of the following are the disadvantages of freeze drying (a) High capital cost of equipment (b) High energy cost (c) Short processing time (d) Very expensive
Lyophilization should be used when the product meets all but one of the following criteria (a) Heat stable (b) Accurate dosing is needed (c) Quick and complete rehydration is needed (d) High value
Lyophilization should be used when the product meets all but one of the following criteria (a) Heat stable (b) Accurate dosing is needed (c) Quick and complete rehydration is needed (d) High value
Freeze drying is used to dry all but one of the following products (a) hormones (b) vaccine (c) soft gelatin capsules (d) plasma
Freeze drying is used to dry all but one of the following products (a) hormones (b) vaccine (c) soft gelatin capsules (d) plasma
All but one of the following are the purposes of drying (a) to eliminate moisture from the drug (b) to improve the stability of the drug (c) to reduce the flowability of granules (d) to reduce the cost of transportation of large volume materials.
All but one of the following are the purposes of drying (a) to eliminate moisture from the drug (b) to improve the stability of the drug (c) to reduce the flowability of granules (d) to reduce the cost of transportation of large volume materials.
Lyophilization is also known as all but one of the following (a) freeze drying (b) gelsication (c) drying by sublimation (d) gelsicsation
Lyophilization is also known as all but one of the following (a) freeze drying (b) gelsication (c) drying by sublimation (d) gelsicsation
Sublimation occurs when (a) a liquid is converted to gas (b) a gas is converted to a solid (c) a solid is converted to a gas (d) a gas is converted to a liquid
Sublimation occurs when (a) a liquid is converted to gas (b) a gas is converted to a solid (c) a solid is converted to a gas (d) a gas is converted to a liquid
In freeze drying, the product to be dried is first frozen and then subjected to drying under high vacuum through condensation (a) true (b) false
In freeze drying, the product to be dried is first frozen and then subjected to drying under high vacuum through condensation (a) true (b) false
All but one of the following are the steps involved in the manufacture of gelatin capsule shell (a) dipping (b) spinning (c) smoothening (d) stripping
All but one of the following are the steps involved in the manufacture of gelatin capsule shell (a) dipping (b) spinning (c) smoothening (d) stripping
All but one of the following are the benefits of soft gelatin capsules (a) increase the rate of drug absorption (b) improve patient adherence (c) improve manufacturability of low melting point and high dose drugs (d) improve manufacturing safety for potent and cytotoxic drugs
All but one of the following are the benefits of soft gelatin capsules (a) increase the rate of drug absorption (b) improve patient adherence (c) improve manufacturability of low melting point and high dose drugs (d) improve manufacturing safety for potent and cytotoxic drugs
Capsules that are used to enclose liquids, oils and semi-solids are called (a) hard gelatin capsules (b) soft gelatin capsules (c) softgels (d) b and c
Capsules that are used to enclose liquids, oils and semi-solids are called (a) hard gelatin capsules (b) soft gelatin capsules (c) softgels (d) b and c
Flashcards
What is a solid dosage form?
What is a solid dosage form?
Solid dosage forms are those that are in a solid state, such as tablets, capsules, and powders. Liniments are liquid preparations, not solid.
What is the purpose of granules?
What is the purpose of granules?
Granules are prepared to enhance the flow of powder, aiding in the compressibility of tablets and reducing segregation. They do not enhance segregation
Does increased particle size lead to increased surface area?
Does increased particle size lead to increased surface area?
An increase in particle size generally leads to a decrease in surface area. Smaller particles have a larger surface area.
Does particle size affect drug release from dosage forms?
Does particle size affect drug release from dosage forms?
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What does a Carr's index of 12% indicate?
What does a Carr's index of 12% indicate?
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What does an angle of repose of 26° indicate?
What does an angle of repose of 26° indicate?
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What is the mechanism of action of disintegrants in tablets?
What is the mechanism of action of disintegrants in tablets?
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What factors affect the hardness of a tablet?
What factors affect the hardness of a tablet?
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What is friability?
What is friability?
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What are the official tests for tablets?
What are the official tests for tablets?
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Where are disintegrants incorporated in tablets?
Where are disintegrants incorporated in tablets?
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What is the purpose of lubricants in tablets?
What is the purpose of lubricants in tablets?
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What are the main types of mixtures?
What are the main types of mixtures?
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What are the main objectives of mixing?
What are the main objectives of mixing?
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What are the methods used for preparing granules?
What are the methods used for preparing granules?
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What is micromeritics?
What is micromeritics?
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Does increased particle size lead to increased surface area?
Does increased particle size lead to increased surface area?
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Does particle size affect drug release from dosage forms?
Does particle size affect drug release from dosage forms?
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What methods are used to measure flow and compressibility of powders?
What methods are used to measure flow and compressibility of powders?
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What does a Carr's index of 8% indicate?
What does a Carr's index of 8% indicate?
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What does an angle of repose of 32° indicate?
What does an angle of repose of 32° indicate?
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What is the purpose of granules?
What is the purpose of granules?
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What methods are used to determine particle size of powders?
What methods are used to determine particle size of powders?
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What factors affect the mixing of powders?
What factors affect the mixing of powders?
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Are powders more stable than granules?
Are powders more stable than granules?
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What is the triple point?
What is the triple point?
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What is the eutectic point?
What is the eutectic point?
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What are the advantages of freeze drying?
What are the advantages of freeze drying?
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What are the disadvantages of freeze drying?
What are the disadvantages of freeze drying?
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When should lyophilization be used?
When should lyophilization be used?
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What products are typically freeze dried?
What products are typically freeze dried?
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What are the purposes of drying?
What are the purposes of drying?
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What are the other names for lyophilization?
What are the other names for lyophilization?
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What is sublimation?
What is sublimation?
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How does freeze drying work?
How does freeze drying work?
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What are the steps involved in manufacturing gelatin capsules?
What are the steps involved in manufacturing gelatin capsules?
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What are the benefits of soft gelatin capsules?
What are the benefits of soft gelatin capsules?
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What are soft gelatin capsules?
What are soft gelatin capsules?
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Study Notes
Solid Dosage Forms
- Solid dosage forms include powders, granules, and tablets.
- Liniments are not a solid dosage form.
Granules
- Granules are prepared for improved powder flow.
- They improve powder segregation and the compressibility of powders when creating tablets.
Particle Size and Surface Area
- Increasing particle size does not increase surface area.
- Particle size affects drug release in oral, parenteral, rectal, and topical forms.
Carr's Index and Compressibility
- A Carr's index of 12% indicates fair compressibility.
- An index of 8% indicates good compressibility.
- An index of 26° indicates good compressibility.
- An index of 32° indicates good compressibility.
Angle of Repose and Compressibility
- An angle of repose of 26° indicates good compressibility.
- An angle of repose of 32° indicates good compressibility.
Tablet Hardness
- Tablet hardness depends on compression force, the concentration, and type of binding agent.
Tablet Friability
- Friability is the percentage of weight loss of powder from the surface of tablets due to mechanical action.
Tablet Testing
- Official tablet tests include weight variation, dissolution, and content uniformity testing.
Disintegrants
- Disintegrants are added to tablets to help them break down in the body.
- They have mechanisms of action such as swelling, capillary action, and diffusion.
- They are added intragranularly, extragranularly, or both.
Lubricants
- Lubricants prevent tablet materials from sticking to the die and punches.
- Lubricants help with the tablets' ejection from the die cavity.
- Reduced interparticle friction assists ejection.
Mixtures
- Mixture types include positive, negative, natural, and neutral.
Mixing Objectives
- Mixing promotes chemical reactions for uniform products.
- Mixing disperses solids into liquids (suspensions and pastes).
- Mixing disperses immiscible liquids (emulsions).
Granulation Methods
- Granulation methods include dry granulation, wet granulation, and melt granulation.
Micromeritics
- Micromeritics is the science and technology of small particles.
Powder Stability
- Powders are generally more stable than granules.
Equilibrium States of Matter
- The triple point describes the temperature and pressure where a substance exists as liquid, solid, and gas in equilibrium.
Freeze Drying (Lyophilization)
- Freeze drying minimizes damage to heat-sensitive material.
- It results in a porous and friable structure.
- It can have high equipment and energy costs.
- It's used in the production of hormones, vaccines, plasma, and other heat-sensitive products.
Purposes of Drying
- Drying eliminates moisture, improves stability, and reduces cost of transport.
- Drying can negatively influence flowability.
Sublimation
- Sublimation is the conversion of a solid directly into a gas. This conversion does not involve a liquid phase.
Gelatin Capsule Manufacture
- Gelatin capsule manufacture involves steps like dipping, spinning, smoothening, and stripping.
Hard vs. Soft Gelatin Capsules
- Soft gelatin capsules are used to contain liquids, oils, and semi-solids.
- Hard gelatin capsules are the other type.
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Description
Test your knowledge on solid dosage forms, including powders, granules, and tablets. This quiz covers key concepts such as particle size, compressibility, and tablet hardness, providing a comprehensive overview for pharmacy students. Check your understanding of essential properties and definitions related to solid dosage forms.
