Society, Sex, Gender & Socioeconomic Class
30 Questions
2 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between sex and gender?

  • Sex refers to roles and behaviors, while gender refers to anatomy and genetics.
  • Sex and gender are interchangeable terms referring to biological traits.
  • Sex is biologically determined, while gender is a social and cultural construct. (correct)
  • Sex is a social construct, while gender is biologically determined.

How do cultural influences primarily impact gender roles?

  • By dictating universal and unchanging expectations for all sexes.
  • By reinforcing individual preferences unrelated to societal norms.
  • By establishing biological differences that determine task assignments.
  • By defining specific tasks and activities assigned to each sex within a society. (correct)

What distinguishes a society from a mere group of individuals?

  • Shared geographical location and physical proximity.
  • Uniform political opinions and affiliations.
  • Common traditions, institutions, and collective activities. (correct)
  • Similar personal interests and hobbies.

In modern societies, what is the prevailing attitude towards traditional gender roles?

<p>They are increasingly challenged and seen as flexible constructs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example that best illustrates how gender roles are social constructs?

<p>The cultural expectation that women should handle domestic tasks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does socioeconomic class primarily impact an individual's opportunities and lifestyle?

<p>It determines access to resources, education, and social status. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is most indicative of a middle-class focus, according to the text?

<p>Prioritizing savings, home ownership, and children's education. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key challenge typically faced by individuals in the lower socioeconomic class?

<p>Greater likelihood of experiencing financial instability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario demonstrates the concept of gender flexibility across cultures?

<p>A culture where both men and women share domestic responsibilities equally. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a society traditionally assigns physically demanding tasks only to males, how would you categorize this?

<p>A socioculturally constructed gender role. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Marx, which characteristic defines the bourgeoisie?

<p>Ownership of the means of production. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best exemplifies 'ethnicity'?

<p>Common cultural traits, such as language and traditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key distinction between 'race' and 'ethnicity'?

<p>Ethnicity is based on cultural traits and is diverse, while race is based on biological traits and is more singular. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic defines an 'ethnolinguistic group'?

<p>A group that shares a distinct language and cultural identity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which belief system is characterized by the idea that spirits inhabit natural elements such as trees and rivers?

<p>Animism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the best example of a 'stereotype'?

<p>Assuming that all members of a particular group share the same characteristics or abilities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes populations that have less power or representation in a society?

<p>Minority Groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The interaction of an individual's health condition with environmental factors, causing hindrances in activities and interactions, defines:

<p>Disability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'exceptionality' refer to?

<p>Individuals whose abilities differ significantly from the average. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does prejudice differ from a stereotype?

<p>Prejudice is a preconceived opinion or judgment, while a stereotype is a generalized belief or assumption. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the purpose of recognizing 'non-exceptionality' in the context of special education?

<p>To ensure that society provides necessary individualized support to individuals <em>with</em> exceptionalities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A child is born in Canada to parents who are both citizens of Italy. Canada recognizes jus soli, while Italy follows jus sanguinis. What is the child's citizenship status?

<p>The child holds dual citizenship in both Canada and Italy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An individual who has lived in a country for five years, has no criminal record, and demonstrates a basic understanding of the local language applies for citizenship. Which step in the naturalization process would immediately follow the initial application?

<p>Undergoing background checks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario exemplifies political behavior?

<p>Citizens participating in a peaceful protest against a government policy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does socialization primarily impact an individual?

<p>It teaches individuals how to interact within their society and culture. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following questions would a social scientist be MOST likely to investigate?

<p>What impact does social media have on political polarization? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A traveler visits a country where bargaining in markets is a common practice and considers it rude and dishonest. This reaction is an example of:

<p>Ethnocentrism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which field of study is LEAST related to social sciences?

<p>Astrophysics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios demonstrates cultural relativism in practice?

<p>An anthropologist trying to understand the logic and meaning behind a tribe's rituals, without judgement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A long-time lawful resident applies for naturalization. They have a minor traffic violation on their record. How will this most likely impact their application?

<p>It is unlikely to affect the application significantly, provided all other requirements are met. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Society

A structured community sharing traditions, institutions, and activities.

Sex

Biological traits distinguishing males and females (chromosomes, anatomy).

Gender

Social and cultural roles, behaviors, and expectations. of males and females.

Male (Sex)

Individuals with XY chromosomes, producing sperm.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Female (Sex)

Individuals with XX chromosomes, producing ova.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gender Roles

Culturally-assigned tasks and activities linked to each sex.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gender Role Example 1

Tasks like only males handling physically demanding activities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gender Role Example 2

Taking care and keeping up with domestic tasks.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gender Flexibility

Malleable and changing across societies.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Socioeconomic Class

Categorizes individuals on wealth, income, education, occupation and status.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bourgeois

Owners of the means of production; they accumulate wealth without working.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Proletariat

Those who do not own the means of production and must sell their labor to survive.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ethnic Group

A group of people sharing similar characteristics and a distinct cultural identity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ethnicity

Shared culture, including language, religion, traditions, norms, values, and beliefs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ethnicity (basis)

Based on cultural traits and is diverse.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ethnolinguistic Groups

Ethnic groups with their own language.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Religion

A system of beliefs, worldviews, and practices related to humanity and spirituality.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Animism

Belief that spiritual forces inhabit natural elements.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Prejudice

A preconceived opinion about individuals or groups, often based on stereotypes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Minority Groups

Populations that have less power or representation in a society.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Non-Exceptionality

Individuals without exceptionalities, who do not require individualized assistance, support, or accommodations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nationality

A person's membership or belonging to a specific nation or nation-state, based on nationality law.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Jus Sanguinis

Citizenship based on parent(s)' nationality, regardless of birthplace.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Jus Soli

Citizenship based on place of birth, regardless of parents' nationality.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Naturalization

The legal process of acquiring citizenship from a different state or country.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dual/Multiple Nationality

Being a citizen of two or more nations simultaneously.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Social Behavior

How individuals interact within communities and groups.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Political Behavior

How individuals engage with power structures and governance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Socialization

The process of learning and internalizing the norms, values, and behaviors of a society and culture from birth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ethnocentrism

Judging another culture based on the standards of your own culture.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

  • Society is a structured community sharing traditions, institutions and activities, enabling cooperation.

Sex vs. Gender

  • Sex refers to biological characteristics like reproductive anatomy and genetic makeup.
  • Gender is a social construct defining roles, behaviors, and expectations.
  • Male individuals have XY chromosomes and produce sperm
  • Female individual have XX chromosomes and produce ova
  • Gender roles are culturally assigned tasks and activities.
  • Gender and gender roles are associated with biological sex, challenged by modern societies
  • Culture plays a major role in defining gender in societies.
  • Gender is malleable and changes across societies

Socioeconomic Class

  • Socioeconomic class categorizes individuals by wealth, income, education, occupation, and status.
  • Higher class focuses on luxury, memberships, and status.
  • Middle class prioritizes home ownership, savings, and education.
  • Lower class focuses on necessities and are more likely to face financial instability.
  • Bourgeois owns the means of production (monetary, land, capital) and accumulate wealth.
  • Proletariat do not own production means and sell labor to survive.

Ethnicity & Religion

  • Ethnic group shares similar characteristics and cultural identity.
  • Ethnicity is shared culture, including language, religion, traditions, values, and beliefs.
  • Ethnicity is based on cultural traits and is diverse.
  • Race is based on biological traits and is more singular.
  • Both ethnicity and race are socially constructed.
  • Ethnolinguistic groups are ethnic groups with their own language.
  • Religion is a system of beliefs, worldviews, and practices related to humanity and spirituality.
  • Animism is belief in spiritual forces inhabiting natural elements, with rituals and offerings to respect spirits.
  • Shintoism in Japan believes kami (spirits) inhabit natural elements and sacred places.
  • Native American tribes honor spirits of animals and land through ceremonies and storytelling

Key Terms

  • Prejudice is a preconceived opinion based on stereotypes.
  • Stereotype is generalized belief about a group.
  • Minority groups have less power in society.

Exceptionality/Non-Exceptionality

  • Disability stems from the interaction of a health condition and environmental factors.
  • Exceptionality describes abilities differing significantly from average.
  • Non-exceptionality differentiates those without exceptionalities.
  • Society should ensure individuals with exceptionalities receive assistance and accommodations.

Nationality

  • Nationality is belonging to a specific nation-state.
  • Acquisition of nationality is determined by a state's nationality law.
  • Jus Sanguinis means citizenship based on parents' nationality.
  • Jus Soli means citizenship based on place of birth.

Naturalization

  • Naturalization is the legal process of acquiring citizenship.
  • Eligibility requires minimum age, lawful residence, good moral character, language proficiency, and knowledge of the country.
  • Background checks verify records and compliance.
  • Applicants may be required to pass an history, government, and culture test.
  • Dual Nationality/Multiple Citizenship means a person belongs to two or more nations simultaneously.

Social and Cultural Behavior

  • Social behavior is how people interact.
  • Political behavior is how individuals engage with power.
  • Cultural behavior includes traditions, values, and practices.
  • Socialization is the process of immersing oneself in a culture from birth.
  • Social sciences are fields focusing on human behavior.
  • Ethnocentrism judges another culture based on one's norms.
  • Cultural Relativism assesses a culture based on its standards.

Cultural Change

  • Diffusion: Culture spreads from one group to another.
  • Acculturation: Adapting to a new culture while maintaining original traits.
  • Enculturation: Learning one's own culture from birth.
  • Family, school, religion, media, leadership, and law are agents of society.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Examination Coverage Reviewer PDF

Description

Explore the structure of society, distinguishing between sex and gender as biological and social constructs. Examine socioeconomic classes, defined by wealth, education, and status, highlighting differences in priorities and challenges across class lines. Understand the cultural influence on gender roles.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser