Social Psychology Quiz

Questions and Answers

What differentiates groups from collectives?

Groups have more integrated and coherent interactions (correct)

Groups do not derive satisfaction or a sense of belonging

Groups have no common fate, goals, or identity

Groups engage in common activities with little direct interaction

What are the key features of groups according to the text?

Individualism, competition, conflict

Roles, norms, cohesiveness (correct)

Conformity, isolation, independence

Rules, regulations, hierarchy

What is the purpose of instrumental roles in groups?

Providing emotional support

Maintaining morale

Exerting pressure to conform

Helping the group achieve tasks (correct)

What is the definition of cohesiveness in groups?

The degree to which group members are attracted to each other and motivated to stay in the group Signup and view all the answers

What theory views relationships as transactions aimed at maximizing benefits and minimizing costs?

Social Exchange Theory Signup and view all the answers

According to Aron et al. (1989), what can spark relationships?

Realization of mutual liking Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love?

Intimacy, Passion, and Commitment Signup and view all the answers

What shapes future attachment styles in romantic relationships?

Early interactions with caregivers Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of communal relationships?

Mutual responsiveness Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective suggests that mate selection is influenced by cultural factors?

Sociocultural Perspective Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor contributing to successful marriages according to the text?

Communication patterns Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of Equity Theory in relationships?

Relationship satisfaction linked to the balance of benefits and contributions Signup and view all the answers

What factors influence group cohesiveness?

Intimacy, unity, commitment to goals, and frequency of interaction Signup and view all the answers

What is social loafing?

The phenomenon where individuals in a group reduce their effort Signup and view all the answers

What is deindividuation?

Loss of self-awareness and individual accountability in groups Signup and view all the answers

What is group polarization?

Tendency of group members to make more extreme decisions Signup and view all the answers

What is groupthink?

A mode of thinking that occurs in cohesive groups Signup and view all the answers

What is social facilitation?

The tendency for people to perform differently in the presence of others Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of tight and loose cultures on norms?

Tight cultures have strong norms, while loose cultures have weaker norms Signup and view all the answers

What does biased sampling in group discussions lead to?

Incomplete information sharing Signup and view all the answers

What can hinder or enhance group performance in group dynamics?

Process loss and gain Signup and view all the answers

Why is brainstorming often less effective in groups?

Process loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the link between cohesiveness and group performance?

Cohesiveness is linked to better group performance Signup and view all the answers

How do different cultures value group cohesiveness?

Differently Signup and view all the answers

What are some strategies for cooperation in social dilemmas?

Trust, communication, and identification with the group Signup and view all the answers

What do integrative agreements in negotiation lead to?

Resolutions where all parties gain more than from an equal division of resources Signup and view all the answers

What did a 2019 study investigate regarding negotiation styles and assumptions?

Differences between Western and non-Western cultures Signup and view all the answers

What influences initial attraction and relationship formation according to the text?

Reward theory of attraction, evolutionary perspective, physical proximity, and the mere exposure effect Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental human motive critical for emotional well-being?

The innate need to belong Signup and view all the answers

What can loneliness be caused by according to the text?

Stress, loneliness, and feeling powerless Signup and view all the answers

What did the study find regarding cultural norms and norm violations?

Considerable variation across cultures in terms of how strict or tolerant they were towards norm violations Signup and view all the answers

What shapes group dynamics according to the text?

Cultural norms Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial for managing multicultural teams according to the text?

Understanding cultural differences Signup and view all the answers

What varies among people according to the text?

The need for affiliation Signup and view all the answers

What do social dilemmas like the Prisoner’s Dilemma and Resource Dilemmas impact?

Individual vs. collective benefits Signup and view all the answers

What did countries with higher strictness levels towards norm violations often have according to the text?

Histories of threats, higher population densities, and more autocratic or hierarchical governance structures Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates groups from collectives?

Groups have more integrated and coherent interactions Signup and view all the answers

What are the key features of groups?

Roles, norms, cohesiveness Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of norms in groups?

Rules of conduct for members, either formal or informal Signup and view all the answers

What is cohesiveness in groups?

The degree to which group members are attracted to each other and motivated to stay in the group Signup and view all the answers

What is the phenomenon where individuals in a group reduce their effort?

Deindividuation Signup and view all the answers

What is the tendency of group members to make more extreme decisions?

Group polarization Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of thinking that occurs in cohesive groups?

Groupthink Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor influencing group cohesiveness?

Intimacy Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can hinder or enhance group performance in group dynamics?

Process loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of tight cultures on norms?

They strengthen norms Signup and view all the answers

What is the tendency for people to perform differently in the presence of others?

Social facilitation Signup and view all the answers

What is often less effective in groups?

Brainstorming Signup and view all the answers

What is the loss of self-awareness and individual accountability in groups?

Deindividuation Signup and view all the answers

What is linked to better group performance?

Cohesiveness Signup and view all the answers

What is the tendency of group members to make more extreme decisions?

Group polarization Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to incomplete information sharing in group discussions?

Biased sampling Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of prosocial behavior mentioned in the text?

Helping, sharing, and donating Signup and view all the answers

What does the empathy-altruism hypothesis suggest?

Genuine empathy can motivate altruistic behavior Signup and view all the answers

What influences the likelihood of helping according to the text?

Personality traits, cultural background, and past experiences Signup and view all the answers

What influences who receives help?

Perceived similarity and visibility of need Signup and view all the answers

What factors influence prosocial behavior?

Situational context, individual differences, and social norms Signup and view all the answers

What influences relationship development according to the text?

Mutual liking, reciprocity, and attachment styles Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of communal relationships?

Mutual responsiveness Signup and view all the answers

What does the social exchange theory view relationships as?

Transactions aimed at maximizing benefits and minimizing costs Signup and view all the answers

What does equity theory suggest about relationship satisfaction?

It is linked to the balance of benefits and contributions Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of love according to Sternberg's triangular theory of love?

Intimacy, passion, and commitment Signup and view all the answers

What influences mate selection according to the text?

Evolutionary factors favoring reproductive success and sociocultural influences Signup and view all the answers

What does social exchange theory focus on in relationships?

Maximizing benefits and minimizing costs Signup and view all the answers

What are the strategies for cooperation in social dilemmas?

Trust, communication, and identification with the group Signup and view all the answers

What do integrative agreements in negotiation lead to?

Resolutions where all parties gain more than from an equal division of resources Signup and view all the answers

What did a 2019 study investigate regarding negotiation styles and assumptions?

Differences in negotiation styles and assumptions between Western and non-Western cultures Signup and view all the answers

What did the study find regarding cultural norms and norm violations?

Considerable variation across cultures in terms of how strict or tolerant they were towards norm violations Signup and view all the answers

What shapes group dynamics according to the text?

Cultural norms Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial for managing multicultural teams according to the text?

Understanding cultural differences Signup and view all the answers

What is the innate need critical for emotional well-being?

The need to belong Signup and view all the answers

What influences initial attraction and relationship formation?

The reward theory of attraction, evolutionary perspective, physical proximity, and the mere exposure effect Signup and view all the answers

What can loneliness be caused by according to the text?

Stress, loneliness, and feeling powerless Signup and view all the answers

What did countries with higher strictness levels towards norm violations often have according to the text?

Histories of threats, higher population densities, and more autocratic or hierarchical governance structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of tight and loose cultures on norms?

Considerable variation across cultures in terms of how strict or tolerant they were towards norm violations Signup and view all the answers

What is the need for affiliation influenced by according to the text?

Stress, loneliness, and feeling powerless Signup and view all the answers

What are the five steps to helping in an emergency?

Recognizing, interpreting, taking responsibility, deciding how to help, providing help Signup and view all the answers

What did early research by Darley & Latané in 1968 show regarding helping behavior?

Helping behavior decreased as the number of bystanders increased Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable phenomenon related to helping behavior where people are less likely to offer help in the presence of other bystanders?

The bystander effect Signup and view all the answers

What are the strategies to reduce the bystander effect?

Group discussions and brainstorming to find ways to increase helping behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What is positively associated with prosocial behavior, as shown by a meta-analysis and experimental study?

Exposure to prosocial media Signup and view all the answers

What plays a significant role in promoting prosocial behavior and is often utilized by charities and fundraisers?

Role models and social influence Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to increased helping behavior, driven by positive thoughts and expectations of others?

Good moods Signup and view all the answers

What can sometimes lead to increased helping behaviors, influenced by taking responsibility for mood and focusing on others?

Bad moods Signup and view all the answers

What are altruistic personalities characterized by?

High agreeableness, honesty, humility, moral reasoning, and strong trait empathy Signup and view all the answers

What influences prosocial behavior, with mixed impacts, based on factors such as religion, individualism vs. collectivism, and global empathy?

Cultural factors Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable case that highlights the impact of the bystander effect?

Kitty Genovese Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of egoistic motives in helping behavior, according to the text?

Debated Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Social Psychology: Cultural Norms, Human Motives, and Attraction

Social dilemmas include the Prisoner’s Dilemma and Resource Dilemmas, fueled by fear and greed, impacting individual vs. collective benefits.
Strategies for cooperation in social dilemmas include trust, communication, and identification with the group.
Integrative agreements in negotiation lead to resolutions where all parties gain more than from an equal division of resources.
Differences in negotiation styles and assumptions between Western and non-Western cultures exist and were investigated in a 2019 study.
The study found considerable variation across cultures in terms of how strict or tolerant they were towards norm violations.
Countries with higher strictness levels often had histories of threats, higher population densities, and more autocratic or hierarchical governance structures.
Cultural norms shape group dynamics, influencing conformity, leadership styles, and conflict resolution.
Understanding cultural differences is crucial for managing multicultural teams and can inform policies and strategies in multicultural organizations.
The innate need to belong is a fundamental human motive critical for emotional well-being.
The need for affiliation varies among people, and various studies have shown that stress, loneliness, and feeling powerless motivate connection.
Loneliness can be caused by shyness and can be categorized as intimate, relational, or collective.
The reward theory of attraction, evolutionary perspective, physical proximity, and the mere exposure effect all influence initial attraction and relationship formation.

Social Psychology: Cultural Norms, Human Motives, and Attraction

Social dilemmas include the Prisoner’s Dilemma and Resource Dilemmas, fueled by fear and greed, impacting individual vs. collective benefits.
Strategies for cooperation in social dilemmas include trust, communication, and identification with the group.
Integrative agreements in negotiation lead to resolutions where all parties gain more than from an equal division of resources.
Differences in negotiation styles and assumptions between Western and non-Western cultures exist and were investigated in a 2019 study.
The study found considerable variation across cultures in terms of how strict or tolerant they were towards norm violations.
Countries with higher strictness levels often had histories of threats, higher population densities, and more autocratic or hierarchical governance structures.
Cultural norms shape group dynamics, influencing conformity, leadership styles, and conflict resolution.
Understanding cultural differences is crucial for managing multicultural teams and can inform policies and strategies in multicultural organizations.
The innate need to belong is a fundamental human motive critical for emotional well-being.
The need for affiliation varies among people, and various studies have shown that stress, loneliness, and feeling powerless motivate connection.
Loneliness can be caused by shyness and can be categorized as intimate, relational, or collective.
The reward theory of attraction, evolutionary perspective, physical proximity, and the mere exposure effect all influence initial attraction and relationship formation.

Understanding Prosocial Behavior and the Bystander Effect

Debate on the existence of "pure altruism" and the role of egoistic motives in helping behavior.
The bystander effect, where people are less likely to offer help in the presence of other bystanders, is a notable phenomenon.
Notable cases like Kitty Genovese and modern instances like Ray Hsu's case highlight the impact of the bystander effect.
Early research by Darley & Latané in 1968 showed a decrease in helping as the number of bystanders increased.
The five steps to helping in an emergency include noticing, interpreting, taking responsibility, deciding how to help, and providing help.
Strategies to reduce the bystander effect involve group discussions and brainstorming to find ways to increase helping behaviors.
Meta-analytic support and newer research insights confirm the validity of the bystander effect and the 5-step model.
Good moods often lead to increased helping behavior, driven by positive thoughts and expectations of others.
Bad moods can sometimes lead to increased helping behaviors, influenced by taking responsibility for mood and focusing on others.
Exposure to prosocial media is positively associated with prosocial behavior, as shown by a meta-analysis and experimental study.
Role models and social influence play a significant role in promoting prosocial behavior, often utilized by charities and fundraisers.
Altruistic personalities are characterized by high agreeableness, honesty, humility, moral reasoning, and strong trait empathy.
Cultural factors, such as religion, individualism vs. collectivism, and global empathy, influence prosocial behavior, with mixed impacts.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge of social psychology with this quiz! Explore cultural norms, human motives, and attraction, and learn about social dilemmas, negotiation strategies, and the impact of cultural differences on group dynamics. Understand the innate human need to belong and the factors influencing attraction and relationship formation.