Social Psychology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the equation 'B = \delta(P * S)' used to represent in social psychology?

  • The impact of social influence on decision making
  • The relationship between behavior, person, and situation (correct)
  • The correlation between attitudes and beliefs
  • The influence of social groups on individual behavior

    • What is the main focus of social psychology?

  • The impact of economics on social behavior
  • The analysis of historical social movements
  • How people think about, influence, and relate to each other (correct)
  • The study of societal structures and institutions

    • What is the 'Chameleon Effect' in social psychology?

  • Unconscious mimicry of the behavior of others (correct)
  • The study of camouflage in social interactions
  • The impact of group behavior on individual actions
  • The tendency for individuals to conform to societal norms

    • In the context of social influence, what does the 'enormous power of social influence' refer to?

    <p>The significant impact of social factors on behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, which route of persuasion involves influencing attitudes with evidence and rational arguments?

    <p>Central Route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect explains that a difficult initiation into a group influences us to like the group more?

    <p>Initiation effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of cognitive dissonance, what might happen if Fiona agrees to do some fundraising for her college?

    <p>Her attitudes about school finances might shift to resolve cognitive dissonance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the effect where doing a favor for someone you dislike will lead to greater liking of the previously disliked person to resolve cognitive dissonance?

    <p>Ben Franklin Effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Norman Triplett's experiment in 1898 demonstrate?

    <p>Adolescents wind a fishing reel faster in the presence of someone doing the same thing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is social facilitation?

    <p>Improved performance on simple tasks in the presence of others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is social loafing?

    <p>Exerting less effort toward a common goal in a group setting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is group polarization?

    <p>Discussion within a group making their views more extreme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is groupthink?

    <p>Groups making decisions without an open exchange of ideas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are norms in social psychology?

    <p>Rules for accepted and expected behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Zimbardo's Prison Study illustrate?

    <p>The powerful effect of situational forces on social behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is deindividuation?

    <p>The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations fostering arousal and anonymity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is conformity in social psychology?

    <p>When individuals adopt the behaviors or opinions of the group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Asch's research on group influence demonstrate?

    <p>People sometimes conform to strong group consensus even when they think the group may be wrong</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead individuals to follow social norms according to Asch's conformity studies?

    <p>Responding to social norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In unambiguous situations, what can lead people to conform despite their own judgment?

    <p>Social influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of social influence is driven by the desire to be right?

    <p>Informational Social Influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Milgram's obedience experiment, who supervised the deportation of 6,000,000 Jews to Nazi gas chambers?

    <p>Adolf Eichmann</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the age range of the subjects in Stanley Milgram's obedience experiment?

    <p>20-50</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of subjects in Milgram's experiment were fully obedient?

    <p>Over 60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does altruism refer to?

    <p>Voluntary self-sacrificing behavior intended to benefit others without expectation of reward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does thin-slicing refer to?

    <p>The unconscious ability to find patterns in behavior based on narrow slices of experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do bystander effect and diffusion of responsibility illustrate?

    <p>How ethics can be a luxury in modern society, impacting social behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary driving force behind normative social influence?

    <p>Desire to be accepted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor influencing obedience according to Milgram's experiment?

    <p>The proximity of the person giving orders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does social cognition involve?

    <p>Forming impressions of others based on physical appearance and stereotypes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of influence is driven by the desire to be right in novel or ambiguous situations?

    <p>Informational Social Influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the bystander effect influenced by?

    <p>Diffusion of responsibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the halo effect?

    <p>The tendency for first impressions to be lasting and influence subsequent judgments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Asch's study demonstrate?

    <p>The order of information presentation can significantly impact how a person is perceived</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are schemas in social cognition?

    <p>Cognitive structures that organize our knowledge about the world and influence what we pay attention to</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the just-world hypothesis and fallacy lead to?

    <p>Blaming the victim and shielding individuals from believing they will suffer similar misfortunes, fueling stereotypes and prejudice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the actor-observer effect suggest?

    <p>Individuals tend to attribute others' behavior to dispositional factors but attribute their own behavior to situational factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fundamental attribution error?

    <p>The tendency to underestimate situational factors and overestimate dispositional factors in explaining others' behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is automatic vigilance in social cognition?

    <p>Leads individuals to pay more attention to negative information about others, a consequence of human evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do schemas do in social cognition?

    <p>Cognitive structures that organize our knowledge about the world and influence what we pay attention to</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are simplification strategies in social cognition used for?

    <p>To conserve mental effort in the information-rich social world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Social Psychology and Human Behavior

    • Subjects in a dark room estimated the distance a light moved, and their estimates converged on a common value, establishing a group norm.
    • Informational Social Influence: People look to others for information on how to behave in novel or ambiguous situations, driven by the desire to be right.
    • Normative Social Influence: People conform to be liked and approved, driven by the desire to be accepted.
    • Milgram's obedience experiment involved delivering painful electric shocks to a fellow participant under the influence of an authority figure.
    • Adolf Eichmann supervised the deportation of 6,000,000 Jews to Nazi gas chambers, raising questions about the nature of evil and social obedience to authority.
    • Stanley Milgram's experiment involved males aged 20-50 as subjects, an authority figure as the experimenter, and a victim as the learner.
    • Obedience was highest in the presence of an authority figure and when the victim was depersonalized, with over 60% of subjects fully obedient.
    • Factors influencing obedience included the proximity of the person giving orders and the depersonalization of the victim.
    • Altruism refers to voluntary self-sacrificing behavior intended to benefit others without expectation of reward, influenced by situational power and the presence of others.
    • Social cognition involves forming impressions of others based on physical appearance and stereotypes, often leading to distorted impressions.
    • Thin-slicing refers to the unconscious ability to find patterns in behavior based on narrow slices of experience, showcasing the power of implicit processes.
    • Bystander effect and diffusion of responsibility illustrate how ethics can be a luxury in modern society, impacting social behavior.

    Social Cognition: Understanding Human Behavior

    • The halo effect influences how individuals form impressions, where first impressions tend to be lasting.
    • Asch's study showed that the order of information presentation can significantly impact how a person is perceived.
    • Simplification strategies, such as expectations and dispositional inferences, are used to conserve mental effort in the information-rich social world.
    • Schemas are cognitive structures that organize our knowledge about the world and influence what we pay attention to.
    • The use of screens during auditions accounted for a significant increase in the number of female musicians in orchestras.
    • Automatic vigilance leads individuals to pay more attention to negative information about others, which is a consequence of human evolution.
    • Social perceptions and impressions are resistant to change, and attribution is the process by which people infer the causes of others' behavior.
    • The fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency to underestimate situational factors and overestimate dispositional factors in explaining others' behavior.
    • The just-world hypothesis and fallacy lead to blaming the victim and shield individuals from believing they will suffer similar misfortunes, fueling stereotypes and prejudice.
    • The actor-observer effect suggests that individuals tend to attribute others' behavior to dispositional factors but attribute their own behavior to situational factors.
    • Situational attributions require more effort and are often overlooked in favor of blaming the individual.
    • Individuals tend to make different attributions about others' behavior than they do about their own, highlighting the complexity of human behavior and perception.

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    Ch13_Social.ppt

    Description

    Test your knowledge of social psychology and human behavior with this quiz! Explore influential experiments such as Milgram's obedience study and Asch's conformity research, and delve into topics like social influence, altruism, social cognition, and attribution. Sharpen your understanding of the complexities of human behavior and perception in social settings.

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