40 Questions
What type of epithelium is the epidermis composed of?
Specialised stratified squamous epithelium
What is the main function of the keratinocytes in the epidermis?
To provide a barrier against trauma and infection
What is the name of the protein produced by keratinocytes in the granular layer?
Filaggrin
What is the purpose of hemidesmosomes in the epidermis?
To connect the epidermis to the basement membrane
What is the name of the layer where stem cells are found in the epidermis?
Basal layer
What is the name of the protein produced by melanocytes?
Melanin
What is the function of Langerhans cells in the epidermis?
To regulate immune responses
What is the name of the protein that anchors the epidermis to the basement membrane?
Integrin-α6
Why is registration of NMSC not mandatory in some countries?
Because only the first case in a patient is registered
What is associated with the highest risk of UV radiation in England?
South west
Which of the following is a characteristic of SCC?
More common in females on the legs
What is important to observe when examining a skin lesion?
The 5 S's
Why is early referral important for patients with skin conditions?
For identification and quick treatment
What is important for dental practitioners to understand when managing patients with skin conditions?
The impact of skin conditions on oral health
What should you be able to do by the end of this session?
Describe normal human skin and its role in homeostasis
What is the skin structure that plays a role in homeostasis?
Epidermis
What type of receptors are found in the skin for different modalities?
Specialized
Where are the primary cutaneous nerve branches located?
Hypodermis
What triggers the activation of cutaneous receptors?
Changes in body temperature
What happens to the epidermis as a person ages?
It becomes thinner
What happens to the number of melanocytes as a person ages?
It decreases
Why does the skin of an older person have a reduced tolerance to sun exposure?
Due to decreased melanin production
What happens to the subcutaneous fat as a person ages?
It decreases
Why does an older person tend to overheat?
Due to decreased sweat gland activity
What is the primary target of UVB radiation in the skin?
Epidermis
What type of skin cancer originates most frequently in sun-exposed areas of the skin?
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC)
What is the wavelength range of UVA radiation?
320-400 nm
What is the name of the type of skin cancer that is also known as in situ?
Bowen's disease
What is the estimated percentage of malignancies in white populations caused by non-melanoma skin cancers?
20%
Why are incidence rates of non-melanoma skin cancers often underestimated?
Policies for recording NMSC vary between countries
What is the layer of skin that is primarily affected by UVA radiation?
Dermis
What is the type of skin cancer that is the most common form of cancer in humans?
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC)
What is the main function of the hypodermis?
To insulate the body and serve as an energy supply
What is the function of erector pili muscles?
To contract and cause 'goosebumps'
What type of secretion does the sebaceous gland produce?
Oily and protein-rich
What is the difference between apocrine and eccrine sweat glands?
Apocrine glands are associated with hair follicles, while eccrine glands are not
What is the characteristic of sebaceous gland secretion?
It is stimulated by androgens and inhibited by estrogen
What is unique about apocrine glands in women?
Their secretions undergo cyclical changes under the influence of the menstrual cycle hormones
What is the function of apocrine glands?
To produce oily and protein-rich secretions
When do apocrine glands become functional?
During puberty
Test your knowledge on the epidemiology of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers (NMSC) including incidence rates, risk factors, and demographic variations. Learn about the role of UV radiation and more.
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