Skeletal System Quiz

Questions and Answers

What feature of synovial joints allows for a wide range of movements?

Synovial cavity that contains synovial fluid (correct)

Presence of cartilage lining the bones

Bony projections that interlock

Thick connective tissue around the joint

In osteoarthritis, the primary issue arises from damage to which component of the joint?

The synovial fluid

The joint capsule

The cartilage (correct)

The ligaments around the joint

Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by an increase in what within the synovial cavity?

Synovial fluid (correct)

Bony tissue

Cartilage density

Nerve fibers

Which statement accurately describes rheumatoid arthritis?

It is classified as an autoimmune disorder. Signup and view all the answers

The discomfort experienced in osteoarthritis occurs mainly due to a lack of what?

Fluid between the joint surfaces Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about rheumatoid arthritis?

It is a temporary condition that resolves on its own. Signup and view all the answers

What condition is primarily characterized by low calcium levels leading to weak bones?

Osteoporosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following connective tissues primarily connects muscles to bones?

Tendons Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint allows for very little to no movement, such as those found in the skull?

Sutures Signup and view all the answers

What component of the skeletal system is made up of cells, collagen, and a matrix, providing support and flexibility?

Cartilage Signup and view all the answers

Which connective tissue helps in connecting bones together and is rich in collagen and elastin?

Ligaments Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the axial skeleton?

To support the body's framework and protect central nervous system. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following joints is characterized as slightly movable and can be found in the spine?

Slightly movable joints Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of joints in the skeletal system?

To connect bones and allow movement Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately characterizes the matrix of bone tissue?

It contains calcium salts and collagen for rigidity and flexibility. Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue is primarily found at the ends of bones and allows for movement between the bones?

Cartilage Signup and view all the answers

How does calcitonin function in calcium homeostasis?

It reduces the amount of calcium released from bones into the bloodstream. Signup and view all the answers

What role do osteocytes play in bone tissue?

They are the main cells embedded in the bone matrix. Signup and view all the answers

Which accessory structure is primarily involved in connecting muscles to bones?

Tendons. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about parathyroid hormone (PTH) is accurate?

It stimulates bones to release calcium into the bloodstream when levels are low. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Production of hormones. Signup and view all the answers

What mineral storage is the skeletal system particularly known for?

Calcium. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Structure and Functions of the Skeletal System

Composed of 206 bones, along with cartilage, tendons, and ligaments, forming the body’s framework.
Divided into two types: axial skeleton (skull, vertebral column, rib cage) and appendicular skeleton (limbs and girdles).
Provides protection for internal organs (e.g., rib cage protects heart and lungs).
Offers structure, support, and shape to the body.
Facilitates movement through the interaction between muscles and bones.
Produces blood cells in red bone marrow; yellow bone marrow stores fat.
Acts as a storage site for excess minerals and fat.

Bone Tissue

Bone is a connective tissue featuring osteocytes embedded in a hard matrix.
The matrix consists of calcium salts for strength and collagen for flexibility.

Calcium Storage and Homeostasis

Calcitonin: Hormone produced in the thyroid gland, reduces blood calcium levels by depositing calcium into bone.
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH): Secreted by the parathyroid gland, increases blood calcium levels by releasing calcium from bones.

Osteoporosis: A bone disease characterized by low calcium levels leading to weak, brittle bones, common in older age.

Accessory Structures of the Skeletal System

Cartilage: Connective tissue offering support, more flexible than bone, found in joints, nose, and ears.
Ligaments: Fibrous connective tissues connecting two or more bones, made of collagen and elastin, ensuring stability and support.
Tendons: Connect muscles to bones, allowing movement; similar composition to ligaments.
Joints: Points where two or more bones connect; provide flexibility and enable movement.

Types and Diseases of Joints

Sutures: Immovable joints primarily found in the skull.
Slightly Moveable Joints: Allow slight movement; an example is the joints between vertebrae.
Synovial Joints: Most common type, allowing wide ranges of movement; characterized by a synovial cavity filled with synovial fluid for cushioning and smooth movement.

Diseases of the Joints

Osteoarthritis: Degenerative joint disease where cartilage wears down, causing painful movement.
Rheumatoid Arthritis: Autoimmune disorder characterized by excess fluid in the synovial cavity, leading to tissue destruction and inflammation; can affect individuals of any age without a cure.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the skeletal system, including the types and functions, bone tissue, calcium storage, and associated diseases. Explore the accessory structures and types of joints in this comprehensive quiz.