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Questions and Answers
What is the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on glucose and sodium reabsorption in the proximal kidney tubules?
What is the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on glucose and sodium reabsorption in the proximal kidney tubules?
- Increase glucose and sodium reabsorption
- Have no effect on glucose and sodium reabsorption
- Inhibit glucose and sodium reabsorption (correct)
- Decrease glucose reabsorption and increase sodium reabsorption
In which patient population are SGLT2 inhibitors recommended to reduce morbidity and mortality?
In which patient population are SGLT2 inhibitors recommended to reduce morbidity and mortality?
- Patients with symptomatic chronic HFrEF, regardless of the presence of type 2 diabetes (correct)
- Patients with type 1 diabetes only
- Patients with asymptomatic chronic HFrEF
- Patients with hypertension only
What should patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors be advised to avoid?
What should patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors be advised to avoid?
- Drinking plenty of water
- Abrupt changes in position (correct)
- Eating a balanced diet
- Taking other medications
What is a potential side effect of SGLT2 inhibitors?
What is a potential side effect of SGLT2 inhibitors?
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What is the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on arterial pressure?
What is the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on arterial pressure?
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Study Notes
SGLT2 Inhibitors
- Inhibit glucose and sodium reabsorption in proximal kidney tubules, leading to osmotic diuresis and natriuresis
- Reduce arterial pressure
Uses of SGLT2 Inhibitors
- Recommended in patients with symptomatic chronic HFrEF to reduce morbidity and mortality
- Effective in patients with or without type 2 diabetes
- Dapagliflozin or empagliflozin are specific SGLT2 inhibitors used for this purpose
Precautions with SGLT2 Inhibitors
- Patients should avoid abrupt changes in position to minimize risk of orthostasis
- Overdiuresis increases the risk of orthostasis
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