Secondary Local Factors in Periodontal Disease
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Questions and Answers

What is a secondary local factor in periodontal disease?

  • A factor related only to systemic diseases
  • A factor that decreases the retention of plaque
  • A factor that increases microorganism colonization due to plaque retention (correct)
  • Anything that contributes to improving oral hygiene
  • Which of the following best explains why local factors may worsen periodontal disease?

  • They lead to increased risk of dental caries.
  • They always cause systemic infections.
  • They provide areas that are difficult for patients to clean effectively. (correct)
  • They contribute to increased blood flow to the gums.
  • Which of the following is an example of a naturally occurring local factor?

  • Poorly placed fillings
  • Decayed teeth
  • Dental implants
  • Crowded teeth (correct)
  • Which local factor occurs due to disease or trauma?

    <p>Traumatic dental extractions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might a dental hygienist or therapist modify secondary local factors?

    <p>By implementing comprehensive preventive care strategies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tooth anomalies are primarily associated with lateral incisors?

    <p>Root grooves and palatal grooves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors contribute to the worsening prognosis of root grooves?

    <p>Depth of the groove and apical extension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a form of malpositioned teeth?

    <p>Impact on surrounding teeth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Enamel pearls are typically associated with which dental structure?

    <p>Furcations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a common consequence of incomplete lip seal and mouth breathing?

    <p>Increased risk of tooth decay (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence if a patient with susceptibility cannot access areas where plaque is accumulating?

    <p>Increased plaque retention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a plaque retentive factor?

    <p>Environmental cleanliness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does dental calculus affect oral hygiene efforts?

    <p>It provides a large surface area for microorganisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential effect can toxic substances leach out of calculus have over time?

    <p>They contribute to periodontal disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of calculus is likely to form in different areas of the mouth aside from supragingival?

    <p>Both supragingival and subgingival calculus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one primary role of the dental therapist during a patient's first appointment?

    <p>Efficient assessment and recognition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant factor that dental professionals consider when managing periodontal diseases?

    <p>Local factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of dental restoration is NOT typically mentioned in relation to dental restorations?

    <p>Fluoride varnish (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key method for improving a patient's plaque control?

    <p>Optimizing oral hygiene practices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of dental bridge?

    <p>Removable bridge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario should a dental professional consider modifying local factors?

    <p>When local factors are suspected contributors to dental issues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary action if a dental therapist cannot eliminate local factors themselves?

    <p>Provide a referral for specialist care (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is essential during the reassessment of a patient's dental health?

    <p>Recording the correct BPE (Basic Periodontal Examination) code (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can exacerbate periodontal disease among patients with oral piercings?

    <p>The presence of plaque around the piercing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are iatrogenic factors in dentistry?

    <p>Clinician-caused diseases or damage to tissues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of dentures may particularly lead to plaque accumulation?

    <p>Acrylic partial dentures with extensive coverage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of carious lesions?

    <p>They can cause resorption cavities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should clinicians tailor oral hygiene for patients with specific conditions?

    <p>By customizing based on the individual's oral health status (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about the impact of gingival recession?

    <p>It is only caused by poor dental hygiene (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does plaque accumulation play in oral health?

    <p>It can lead to various oral diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advice should be given to patients using dentures regarding plaque control?

    <p>Continue regular oral hygiene practices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Secondary local factor

    An element that increases the risk of periodontal disease by promoting plaque retention.

    Exacerbate periodontal disease

    To worsen gum disease due to factors like plaque retention.

    Iatrogenic factors

    Local factors resulting from dental treatments that may worsen periodontal health.

    Developmental local factors

    Naturally occurring variations that contribute to periodontal disease risk.

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    Dental hygienist's role

    They help eliminate or modify factors that exacerbate periodontal disease.

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    Plaque Retentive Factors

    Factors that cause plaque to adhere to tooth surfaces and prevent its removal.

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    Natural/Developmental Local Factors

    Intrinsic factors from development that affect plaque accumulation, such as tooth shape or position.

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    Dental Calculus

    Hard, calcified plaque that forms on teeth, providing a surface for bacteria to thrive.

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    Supragingival vs Subgingival Calculus

    Supragingival calculus forms above the gum line, while subgingival calculus forms below it.

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    Root grooves/concavities

    Developmental anomalies seen in lateral incisors, deeper grooves worsen prognosis.

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    Malpositioned teeth

    Teeth that are incorrectly positioned, causing crowding or poor bite.

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    Enamel pearls

    Small, round enamel growths found on molars, occurring in about 5% of cases.

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    Traumatic overbite

    An occlusion issue where the upper teeth excessively overlap the lower teeth.

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    Incomplete lip seal

    A condition where lips do not fully close, often linked to mouth breathing.

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    Carious lesions

    Decayed areas of teeth caused by bacterial infection.

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    Resorption cavities

    Areas where bone or tooth structure is lost due to disease.

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    Periodontitis

    A serious gum infection affecting the soft tissue and supporting bones.

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    Iatrogenic effects

    Damage to tissues caused by dental clinicians or treatments.

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    Plaque harboring restorations

    Dental restorations that trap plaque leading to periodontal issues.

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    Acrylic dentures

    Partial dentures made of acrylic that can cover gum tissue.

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    Gingival recession

    The process where gum tissue wears away, exposing more of a tooth's root.

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    Oral piercings

    Jewelry inserted in the oral cavity that may affect periodontal health.

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    Dental Restorations

    Procedures to restore the function and integrity of missing tooth structure.

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    Bridges

    Dental devices used to replace missing teeth, supported by adjacent teeth.

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    Conventional Bridges

    Bridges that rely on crowns placed on adjacent teeth for support.

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    Adhesive Bridges

    Bridges that bond directly to existing teeth, without crowns.

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    Implants

    Artificial tooth roots surgically placed to support crowns, bridges, or dentures.

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    Orthodontic Appliances

    Devices used to align and straighten teeth for improved occlusion and aesthetics.

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    Dental Therapist

    A dental professional focused on preventive care and wellness of patients' oral health.

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    Dental Hygiene Importance

    Maintaining cleanliness of teeth and appliances for optimal oral health.

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    Study Notes

    Secondary Local Factors in Periodontal Disease

    • Secondary local factors increase the risk of periodontal disease by creating areas where microorganisms can thrive through plaque retention. This makes it harder for patients to control plaque effectively.

    Aim

    • Gain knowledge and recognize various local risk factors that can worsen periodontal disease.
    • Understand the etiology and pathogenesis of oral diseases.
    • Provide comprehensive preventive care and education to patients. Motivate self-care and patient motivation through communication.

    Intended Learning Outcomes

    • Define secondary local factors
    • Explain why local factors exacerbate periodontal disease.
    • List and describe naturally occurring local factors.
    • List and describe local factors stemming from disease or trauma.
    • List and describe iatrogenic local factors.
    • Explain how a dental hygienist/therapist can eliminate or modify secondary local factors.

    Risk Factors

    • Factors are categorized as modifiable (e.g., smoking, poor diet) and non-modifiable (e.g., socioeconomic status, genetics).
    • Anatomical factors (e.g., malpositioned teeth, furcations, root grooves).
    • Acquired factors (e.g., plaque, calculus, overhanging restorations).
    • Systemic factors (e.g., smoking, diabetes, nutritional deficiencies, medications).

    Plaque Retentive Factors

    • Developmental factors
    • Factors arising from disease or trauma
    • Iatrogenic factors

    Dental Calculus

    • Provides a large, irregular surface area for microorganisms to thrive.
    • Hampers oral hygiene efforts.
    • Can leach toxic substances over time.

    Supragingival vs Subgingival

    • Calculus can form on various tooth surfaces.
    • Significance of calculus location needs to examined.

    Tooth Anomalies

    • Root grooves/concavities
    • Palatal grooves (commonly found on upper lateral incisors), deep grooves worsen prognosis.
    • Malpositioned teeth (crowding, over-eruption, poor contact points, poor arch position).

    Malpositioned Teeth (cont.)

    • Tilting
    • Rotation
    • Impacted teeth
    • Traumatic overbites

    Enamel Pearls

    • Associated with furcations.
    • Present in about 5% of molars.

    Incomplete Lip Seal & Mouth Breathing

    • The role of saliva in relation to the issue needs further investigation.

    Due to Disease/Trauma

    • Includes conditions like caries lesions and resorption cavities, and previous periodontitis leading to gingival recession.

    Oral Piercings

    • Potential for exacerbating periodontal disease needs further examination.

    Oral Jewellery

    • Potential for exacerbating periodontal disease needs further examination.

    Iatrogenic Factors

    • Clinically induced diseases or damage to tissues.
    • Oral restorations or appliances can create areas where plaque accumulates.
    • Examples include some types of dentures, dental restorations (amalgam, composite, crowns), bridges, and orthodontic appliances. Dental hygienists/therapists are tasked with minimizing any iatrogenic effects.

    Dentures

    • Partial dentures, especially acrylic ones with substantial gingival coverage.
    • Plaque accumulation areas need to be pointed out.
    • Advice to patients should be tailored based on individual cases.

    Dental Restorations

    • Amalgam, composite, and crown restorations.
    • Potential complications and patient care.

    Bridges

    • Conventional and adhesive options.
    • Maintaining oral hygiene around bridges.

    Orthodontic Appliances

    • Maintaining proper oral hygiene around orthodontic appliances is crucial.

    Implants

    • Maintaining oral hygiene around dental implants.

    Role of Therapist and Hygienist

    • Assessment and recognition of issues at patient appointments and reassessments.
    • Methods for assessment.
    • Use of appropriate BPE codes.

    Eliminating or Modifying Iatrogenic Factors

    • Dentist/hygienist's role in enabling patients to control plaque effectively.
    • Addressing complications stemming from various interventions (iatrogenic effects).

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    Description

    This quiz focuses on understanding secondary local factors that contribute to periodontal disease. It covers the etiology, pathogenesis, and various risk factors that exacerbate oral diseases. You'll learn about prevention strategies and the role of dental professionals in managing these factors.

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