Science, Technology, and Society Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the core concept that 'scientia', the Latin root of science, signifies?

  • A practical skill or art
  • The application of tools and machines
  • Systematic or theoretical skill (correct)
  • A method of problem solving

    • How is technology primarily distinguished from science based on its practical application?

  • Technology is the practical application of knowledge to create solutions (correct)
  • Technology focuses primarily on observation, while science is theory-heavy.
  • Technology applies systematic methods whereas science does not
  • Technology only involves machines, while science explains the natural world.

    • Which definition accurately describes the concept of 'society' as defined in the text?

  • A group of people living together with shared cultural norms (correct)
  • A collection of scientific and technological advancements.
  • A collection of individuals acting independently
  • An interchangeable concept with culture.

    • Which of the following best describes the term 'antecedent'?

    <p>A precursor to the development or existence of something.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which historical period in the Philippines did religious orders most significantly shape the development of science and technology?

    <p>Spanish Regime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant factor that can influence the practical applications of scientific discoveries?

    <p>The influence of sociopolitical, religious, and business factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to 'Interconnections: A Systems History of Science, Technology, Leisure, and Fear', how do science and technology interact with society?

    <p>Science and technology are enacted within society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT considered a significant development in science and technology throughout history?

    <p>Discovery of penicillin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the information, what is the purpose of the study of interdisciplinary research?

    <p>Fostering innovation within science and technology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of an intellectual revolution?

    <p>A shift in commonly held beliefs and social institutions due to new ideas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model of the universe is associated with the Copernican Revolution?

    <p>Heliocentric Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did early tools, like roughly shaped stones, play in the pre-history of technology within society?

    <p>They were direct application of natural phenomena to meet the communities' basic needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the initial reaction of the church to Copernicus's heliocentric model?

    <p>Strong resistance and prohibition of reading <em>De Revolutionibus</em>.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one significant impact of the internet on social attitudes?

    <p>Increased societal connectivity which has sometimes lead to dangerous changes in social attitudes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concept introduced by Darwin's Theory of Evolution?

    <p>The process of natural selection leading to adaptation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributed to the lack of progress in science and technology in the Philippines after independence?

    <p>A lack of government support, scientists, and public awareness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the impact of Copernicus's heliocentric model?

    <p>It challenged established religious and cultural norms and transformed the understanding of the universe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central concept of Darwin's theory of evolution?

    <p>The idea that species evolve specifically to meet the changing requirements of their natural habitat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, what part of the human psyche is associated with morality?

    <p>The Superego.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a core belief of the Freudian revolution?

    <p>Human behavior is influenced by unconscious memories, thoughts, and urges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the development of the printing press impact the spread of knowledge?

    <p>It significantly accelerated the dissemination of knowledge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of the relationship between the three named revolutions according to the content?

    <p>They each undermined traditional religious or societal views.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept is associated with the idea that humans are 'pleasure seekers'?

    <p>The id.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a commonality between the Copernican and Darwinian revolutions?

    <p>They both challenged pre-existing scientific ideas about humanity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary impact of the steam engine on 19th-century nation-building?

    <p>It facilitated mass production and transportation, fostering economic growth and the development of modern states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST)?

    <p>International trade organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of the National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP)?

    <p>To lead and coordinate scientific efforts that benefit the economic and social well-being of the people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Balik Scientist Program under Republic Act No. 11035?

    <p>To provide incentives for Filipino experts to contribute their knowledge to the country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Dr. Josefino C. Comiso's work as a Balik Scientist?

    <p>Improving the ability of the country to utilize advanced technology in addressing natural resource management issues, especially as related to climate and environmental changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'Order of National Scientists'?

    <p>The highest honor bestowed to Filipino scientists who have made significant contributions to their fields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scientists is known for their work in detecting drug-resistant tuberculosis transmission?

    <p>Kamela Ng</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the work of astrophysicist Andreia Carillo?

    <p>Studying stars as fossils to understand the Milky Way Galaxy's formation history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key impact of technological advancement on European nation-building during the Renaissance?

    <p>It allowed for the rapid dissemination of ideas, contributing to movements like the Reformation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of nation-building?

    <p>To establish common interests, goals, and preferences among citizens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content provided, what role does science and technology play in addressing issues such as climate change and epidemics?

    <p>They provide the necessary knowledge and advancements to address problems effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can science and technology contribute to economic development, according to the content provided?

    <p>By increasing industrial productivity and improving job prospects for workers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the Philippines, what does the 1987 Constitution state about the role of science and technology?

    <p>They are essential for national development and progress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a likely benefit of investing in cost-effective and scalable water purification technology in a rapidly urbanizing developing country?

    <p>It will improve public health and support sustainable urban development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a government heavily invests in renewable energy during an economic downturn, what is a likely outcome for nation-building?

    <p>It will promote economic growth and create new jobs, fostering national progress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is most likely to happen if an emerging economy invests heavily in advanced manufacturing technologies?

    <p>It will likely become a global leader in the tech sector.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Science, Technology, and Society (STS)

    • STS examines how science and technology emerge, enter society, change through social processes, and how society changes in response.

    • Science (scientia, knowledge): a systematic and methodical process of building and organizing knowledge about the universe through observation, experimentation, or both.

    • Technology (techne, art, skill): the application of scientific knowledge & principles to create services, materials, tools, and machines solving real-world problems.

    • Society: a group of people sharing a definable community and common cultural components; including people, institutions, beliefs, and cultural ideas.

    Comparison Between Science and Technology

    • Science and technology are different but interconnected
    • Technological applications are influenced by politics, religion, business, etc.
    • Science and technology are enacted and acted upon within society.

    Interconnections: Systems History

    • Interdisciplinary research fostering innovation in science and technology.
    • Systems and complexity theory highlight the interconnected nature of societal & technological changes.
    • Quantum technology's implications for society and associated fears.
    • Internet's role in increasing societal connectivity, and its effects on social attitudes.

    Science and Technology Throughout History

    • Historical antecedents in science & technology - from early tools to understanding scientific principles, showing how knowledge and technologies evolved over time.
    • Development of scientific and technological tools and practices in various cultures, including Philippines.
    • Science and Technology in the Philippines: pre-Spanish period, Spanish regime, American regime and Japanese occupation impact on Philippine S&T.
    • Intellectual Revolutions: historical paradigm shifts in thought, belief, and social institutions.
    • Copernicus' heliocentric model challenged the geocentric view of the universe, sparking controversy and shaping understanding.
    • Darwin's theory of evolution challenged traditional religious beliefs and views on life origins.
    • Freud's psychoanalytic theory sparked debates in sexuality, childhood development and therapeutic approaches.
    • Technological advancements (printing press) influencing nation-building and knowledge dissemination.

    Major Personalities in Science & Technology

    • Dr. Josefino C. Comiso (climate change, environmental issues)
    • Order of National Scientists: recognition of prominent Filipino scientists and researchers.
    • Reina Reyes, Irene Crisologo, Julius Sempio, Andrea Carillo, Kamela Ng, Migs Canilao, Ramon Barba, Sarah Olivia - notable contributions to scientific disciplines within the Philippines.

    Digital Technologies in Preserving Cultural Heritage

    • 3D laser scanning, multispectral imaging, and virtual/augmented reality (VR/AR): tools for preserving and studying cultural heritage. VR/AR helps immerse users in historical contexts.

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    Description

    Explore the intricate relationships between science, technology, and society. This quiz covers definitions, interconnections, and implications of these fields, emphasizing their role in shaping and responding to societal changes. Understand how scientific knowledge contributes to technological advancements and vice versa.

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