Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT one of the Four Key Aspects of Instructional Principles?
Which of the following is NOT one of the Four Key Aspects of Instructional Principles?
What is the implication of the cognitive principle that learners learn new ideas by reference to ideas they already know?
What is the implication of the cognitive principle that learners learn new ideas by reference to ideas they already know?
Which of the following describes the role of teachers in the context of memory retrieval according to the cognitive principles?
Which of the following describes the role of teachers in the context of memory retrieval according to the cognitive principles?
What does the aspect 'Experience' highlight in the Four Essential Facets of Learning?
What does the aspect 'Experience' highlight in the Four Essential Facets of Learning?
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Which of the following statements aligns with the assertion that all human behavior is mediated by the brain and central nervous system?
Which of the following statements aligns with the assertion that all human behavior is mediated by the brain and central nervous system?
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What is a significant benefit of using stories and mnemonics in teaching?
What is a significant benefit of using stories and mnemonics in teaching?
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Why is it important for teachers to adapt the facts they teach to different age groups?
Why is it important for teachers to adapt the facts they teach to different age groups?
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How does the transfer of knowledge relate to problem-solving?
How does the transfer of knowledge relate to problem-solving?
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What is the role of chunking in cognitive processing?
What is the role of chunking in cognitive processing?
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What is a key outcome of deliberate practice in learning?
What is a key outcome of deliberate practice in learning?
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Study Notes
Science of Learning
- Course: EDENG 101/102
- Instructor: Lynou R. Zacal, Ph.D.
Objective
- Students will discuss cognitive principles correctly through class recitation.
Instructional Design Framework (IDF)
- A flexible, adaptable structure ensuring effective teaching and learning
- Allows teachers to use creativity confidently
Four Key Instructional Principles (4Ls)
- Inclusive
- Ideational
- Integrative
- Innovative
Four Key Aspects of Instructional Design (4Cs)
- Context
- Connection
- Collaboration
- Creativity
Four Essential Facets of Learning (4Es)
- Engage
- Explore
- Experience
- Empathize
Cognitive Principle 1
- Learners learn new ideas by referencing ideas they already know.
- Well-sequenced curriculum ensures prior knowledge for mastering new ideas.
- Analogies connect new ideas to existing ones, but teachers must elaborate and emphasize crucial similarities.
- This principle highlights the integration of the Instructional Framework within the Science of Learning.
Cognitive Principle 2
- Information is withdrawn from memory as it happened.
- Assignments requiring explanation or material organization focus learners' attention on the meaning.
- Stories and mnemonics help learners grasp challenging content.
- This involves Engage and Experience aspects of the IDF.
Cognitive Principle 3
- Each subject area has facts crucial for long-term memory, aiding problem-solving.
- Teachers should teach different sets of facts at different ages; math facts and letter-sound pairings are prominent in early elementary grades.
- Memory for math facts is more reliable than calculation, crucial for problem-solving.
Cognitive Principle 4
- Knowledge/skills transfer to new problems requires understanding the problem's context and underlying structure.
- Sufficient background knowledge is essential for students to appreciate problem context.
- Deliberate practice builds concepts in long-term memory, serving as a reference for novel concepts.
- Chunking aids cognitive processing; metacognition or thinking beyond thinking is essential. This applies integrative, innovative, and ideational principles of the IDF.
Cognitive Principle 5
- Beliefs about intelligence significantly influence student behavior.
- Motivated learners believe intelligence improves through effort.
- Teachers should praise learner effort and strategies, not just ability.
- Encouraging learning goals rather than performance goals fosters greater learner control.
- Learners can learn from errors and mistakes.
Science of Learning Definition
- Science of Learning is not an ideology, philosophy, or program of instruction
- It summarizes existing cognitive science research on student learning.
- Its goal is to connect research with practical teaching and learning applications.
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Description
Explore the foundational principles of learning and instructional design in the course EDENG 101/102. This quiz focuses on cognitive principles, key aspects of instructional design, and the framework essential for effective teaching and learning. Test your understanding of concepts such as inclusivity, creativity, and how prior knowledge influences learning.
