Science Chapter 17 Vocabulary Flashcards

Chemical Reactions

• A chemical reaction results in a chemical change, transforming reactants into products.
• Reactants are substances found on the left side of a chemical equation; they undergo change during the reaction.
• Products are the substances produced from a chemical reaction and are listed on the right side of the equation.

Energy in Reactions

• Heat refers to thermal energy, which can be absorbed or released during reactions.
• Endothermic reactions absorb energy, requiring an input of energy.
• Exothermic reactions release energy, providing energy to the surroundings.
• Activation energy is the minimum energy required to initiate a chemical reaction.

Importance of Atom Conservation

• The law of conservation of mass states that mass remains constant in a chemical reaction; the number of each type of atom must be balanced.
• Valanced indicates that there are equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides of the chemical equation.

Chemical Equations and Components

• A chemical equation serves as shorthand to represent chemical reactions.
• Subscripts indicate the quantity of atoms of each element in a molecule or compound.
• The arrow in a chemical equation denotes that products are produced from reactants.

Factors Affecting Reaction Rates

• Temperature increases generally speed up chemical reactions by providing higher energy levels to molecules.
• Concentration refers to the amount of a substance within a specific volume and can impact the speed of reactions.
• Particle size can affect reaction rates; smaller particles lead to quicker reactions due to increased surface area.
• Collisions must be strong enough for a chemical change to occur.

Catalysts and Inhibitors

• A catalyst accelerates a reaction without undergoing permanent changes itself.
• An inhibitor slows down a chemical reaction, affecting the overall rate of the reaction.

Subatomic Particles

• A neutron is a neutral subatomic particle, playing a key role in the atomic structure.

Changes in Matter

• A physical change involves alterations in size, shape, or state of matter without changing the substance’s chemical composition.
• The therm is a term that refers specifically to heat in relation to energy changes.

Enzymatic Reactions

• Enzymes act as biological catalysts, facilitating various biochemical reactions within living organisms.

Test your understanding of key terms from Science Chapter 17 with these vocabulary flashcards. Each card presents essential definitions and concepts related to chemical reactions. Perfect for studying and reinforcing your knowledge in this area.