Science Chapter 17 Vocabulary Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is a chemical reaction?

A process that produces a chemical change.

What are products in a chemical reaction?

Substances produced by a chemical reaction.

What is heat in the context of chemistry?

Thermal energy.

What are reactants?

Substances on the left side of a chemical equation. Signup and view all the answers

What are bonds in chemical reactions?

These structures break into reactants; they are broken before a chemical reaction takes place. Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean for a reaction to be valanced?

Equal numbers of each kind of atom on each side of the arrow. Signup and view all the answers

Who is Lavoisier?

The first modern chemist. Signup and view all the answers

What is a chemical equation?

Shorthand form for describing a chemical reaction. Signup and view all the answers

What are endothermic reactions?

Reactions that require energy; absorbs energy. Signup and view all the answers

What are exothermic reactions?

Reactions that produce energy; release energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is a neutron?

Neutral subatomic particle. Signup and view all the answers

What is a physical change?

Change in size, shape, or state. Signup and view all the answers

What does the arrow in a chemical equation read as?

Produces. Signup and view all the answers

What are subscripts in a chemical formula?

Tells you the number of atoms of each element. Signup and view all the answers

What is energy in the context of chemical reactions?

Is released or absorbed. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'therm' refer to?

Refers to heat. Signup and view all the answers

The law of conservation of ___ applies to mass.

mass Signup and view all the answers

What is a catalyst?

Speeds up a reaction but is not permanently changed. Signup and view all the answers

What is an inhibitor?

Slows down a chemical reaction. Signup and view all the answers

What is activation energy?

The minimum amount of energy needed to start a reaction. Signup and view all the answers

What is particle size in relation to chemical reactions?

By decreasing this, you can speed up a chemical reaction. Signup and view all the answers

How does temperature affect chemical reactions?

Increasing this speeds up most chemical reactions. Signup and view all the answers

What is concentration in chemistry?

Amount of substance present in a certain volume. Signup and view all the answers

What is reaction rate?

Measure of how fast a reaction occurs. Signup and view all the answers

What is a collision in relation to chemical reactions?

These must be strong in order to cause a chemical change to take place. Signup and view all the answers

What are enzymes?

Catalysts at work in the body. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chemical Reactions

A chemical reaction results in a chemical change, transforming reactants into products.
Reactants are substances found on the left side of a chemical equation; they undergo change during the reaction.
Products are the substances produced from a chemical reaction and are listed on the right side of the equation.

Energy in Reactions

Heat refers to thermal energy, which can be absorbed or released during reactions.
Endothermic reactions absorb energy, requiring an input of energy.
Exothermic reactions release energy, providing energy to the surroundings.
Activation energy is the minimum energy required to initiate a chemical reaction.

Importance of Atom Conservation

The law of conservation of mass states that mass remains constant in a chemical reaction; the number of each type of atom must be balanced.
Valanced indicates that there are equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides of the chemical equation.

Chemical Equations and Components

A chemical equation serves as shorthand to represent chemical reactions.
Subscripts indicate the quantity of atoms of each element in a molecule or compound.
The arrow in a chemical equation denotes that products are produced from reactants.

Factors Affecting Reaction Rates

Temperature increases generally speed up chemical reactions by providing higher energy levels to molecules.
Concentration refers to the amount of a substance within a specific volume and can impact the speed of reactions.
Particle size can affect reaction rates; smaller particles lead to quicker reactions due to increased surface area.
Collisions must be strong enough for a chemical change to occur.

Catalysts and Inhibitors

A catalyst accelerates a reaction without undergoing permanent changes itself.
An inhibitor slows down a chemical reaction, affecting the overall rate of the reaction.

Subatomic Particles

A neutron is a neutral subatomic particle, playing a key role in the atomic structure.

Changes in Matter

A physical change involves alterations in size, shape, or state of matter without changing the substance’s chemical composition.
The therm is a term that refers specifically to heat in relation to energy changes.

Enzymatic Reactions

Enzymes act as biological catalysts, facilitating various biochemical reactions within living organisms.

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Description

Test your understanding of key terms from Science Chapter 17 with these vocabulary flashcards. Each card presents essential definitions and concepts related to chemical reactions. Perfect for studying and reinforcing your knowledge in this area.