Podcast
Podcast
Podcast
Something went wrong
Questions and Answers
Questions and Answers
What are reactants?
What are reactants?
Substances that undergo change in a chemical reaction.
What are products in a chemical reaction?
What are products in a chemical reaction?
Substances formed as a result of a chemical change.
What is a chemical equation?
What is a chemical equation?
A representation of a chemical reaction in which the reactants and products are expressed as formulas.
Mass is created in a chemical reaction.
Mass is created in a chemical reaction.
How can the Law of Conservation of Mass be shown?
How can the Law of Conservation of Mass be shown?
What are coefficients in a chemical equation?
What are coefficients in a chemical equation?
What is a mole?
What is a mole?
What is molar mass?
What is molar mass?
How can the mass of reactants and products be calculated?
How can the mass of reactants and products be calculated?
What are some general types of chemical reactions?
What are some general types of chemical reactions?
What is a synthesis reaction?
What is a synthesis reaction?
What is a decomposition reaction?
What is a decomposition reaction?
What happens in a single-replacement reaction?
What happens in a single-replacement reaction?
What characterizes a double-replacement reaction?
What characterizes a double-replacement reaction?
What occurs during a combustion reaction?
What occurs during a combustion reaction?
What is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction?
What is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction?
What does OIL RIG stand for?
What does OIL RIG stand for?
What is oxidation in terms of synthesis reactions?
What is oxidation in terms of synthesis reactions?
What is reduction in a synthesis reaction?
What is reduction in a synthesis reaction?
What is chemical energy?
What is chemical energy?
How do chemical reactions relate to bonds?
How do chemical reactions relate to bonds?
What happens to energy in a chemical reaction?
What happens to energy in a chemical reaction?
What is an exothermic reaction?
What is an exothermic reaction?
What characterizes an endothermic reaction?
What characterizes an endothermic reaction?
The total amount of energy before and after an endothermic reaction is different.
The total amount of energy before and after an endothermic reaction is different.
What is the reaction rate?
What is the reaction rate?
What factors affect reaction rates?
What factors affect reaction rates?
How does temperature affect reaction rate?
How does temperature affect reaction rate?
How does surface area affect reaction rate?
How does surface area affect reaction rate?
How does stirring affect reaction rate?
How does stirring affect reaction rate?
What is the effect of concentration on reaction rate?
What is the effect of concentration on reaction rate?
What is a catalyst?
What is a catalyst?
What is equilibrium in a chemical reaction?
What is equilibrium in a chemical reaction?
What is physical equilibrium?
What is physical equilibrium?
What is chemical equilibrium?
What is chemical equilibrium?
What are reversible reactions?
What are reversible reactions?
Questions and Answers
Something went wrong
Flashcards
Flashcards are hidden until you start studying
Flashcards
Something went wrong
Study Notes
Study Notes
Chemical Reactions Key Terms
- Reactants: Substances that undergo change in a chemical reaction.
- Products: Substances formed as a result of a chemical change.
Chemical Equations
- Chemical Equation: Represents a chemical reaction with reactants and products expressed as formulas.
- Law of Conservation of Mass: Mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction.
- Balancing Equations: To demonstrate mass conservation, a chemical equation must be balanced.
- Coefficients: Numbers that precede formulas used to balance chemical equations.
Moles and Molar Mass
- Mole: An amount of substance containing approximately (6.022 \times 10^{23}) particles, known as Avogadro's number.
- Molar Mass: The mass of one mole of a substance, equivalent to the element's atomic mass in grams or the sum of atomic masses for compounds.
Calculating Masses
- Calculating Mass: The mass of reactants or products can be calculated using a balanced equation and molar masses.
Types of Chemical Reactions
- General Types: Synthesis, decomposition, single-replacement, double-replacement, combustion, and redox reactions.
Specific Reaction Types
- Synthesis Reaction: Two or more substances combine to form one compound; reactants can be elements or compounds.
- Decomposition Reaction: A compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.
- Single-Replacement Reaction: One element replaces another in a compound.
- Double-Replacement Reaction: Two different compounds exchange positive ions to form new compounds.
- Combustion Reaction: Rapid reaction with oxygen producing heat and light.
- Redox (Oxidation-Reduction) Reaction: Involves the transfer of electrons between reactants.
Oxidation and Reduction
- OIL RIG: Mnemonic for Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain.
- Oxidation: Occurs when a metal combines with oxygen.
- Reduction: Involves an atom gaining electrons.
Energy in Chemical Reactions
- Chemical Energy: Energy stored in chemical bonds of substances.
- Energy Changes: Reactions may absorb or release energy.
- Exothermic Reaction: Releases energy, heating surroundings; energy released surpasses energy needed to break reactants' bonds.
- Endothermic Reaction: Absorbs energy; energy required to break bonds exceeds energy released in formation of products.
- Law of Conservation of Energy: Total energy remains constant before and after a reaction, applicable in both exothermic and endothermic processes.
Reaction Rates
- Reaction Rate: Speed at which reactants convert to products; indicates how fast a reaction occurs.
- Factors Affecting Reaction Rates: Temperature, surface area, concentration, stirring, and presence of catalysts.
- Temperature: Increased temperature speeds up particles, leading to more frequent collisions.
- Surface Area: Smaller particles have a larger surface area, allowing more collisions.
- Stirring: Enhances substrate exposure and increases collision frequency.
- Concentration: Higher concentration provides more reactant particles, accelerating the reaction.
- Catalyst: Increases reaction rates without being consumed; may lower temperature requirements for reactions.
Equilibrium Concepts
- Equilibrium: Occurs when forward and reverse reactions happen at the same rate.
- Physical Equilibrium: Established when physical changes do not go to completion.
- Chemical Equilibrium: Occurs when chemical reactions do not go to completion.
- Reversible Reactions: Allow simultaneous conversion of reactants to products and vice versa.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Study Notes
Something went wrong
