Respiratory System: Structure, Function, and Physiology
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system in the human body?

  • To facilitate smell perception and sound production
  • To regulate body temperature and humidity
  • To regulate blood pressure and heart rate
  • To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a vital sign that can be recorded in a dental surgery?

  • Level of consciousness
  • Heart rate
  • Respiratory rate
  • Blood sugar level (correct)

    • What is the term for the use of oxygen by an organism to make energy, with the production of carbon dioxide as a waste product?

  • Ventilation
  • Respiration (correct)
  • Gaseous exchange
  • Cellular respiration

    • Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system in the human body?

    <p>Smell perception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of oxygen throughout the body and the removal of waste gases like carbon dioxide?

    <p>Oxygen transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a part of the respiratory system?

    <p>The muscles that power the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the rate at which an individual breathes?

    <p>Respiratory rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which oxygen is taken into the body and carbon dioxide is removed?

    <p>Gaseous exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical correlation of respiratory function?

    <p>Finger clubbing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the bloodstream?

    <p>Gaseous exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the measurement that represents the total amount of air that can be exhaled from the lungs with effort?

    <p>Forced Vital Capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the volume of air remaining in the respiratory passage and lungs after the most forceful expiration?

    <p>Residual Volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents the ratio of the amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled from the lungs in one second to the total amount of air that can be exhaled with effort?

    <p>FEV1/FVC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the spirometry measurement that reflects the amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled from the lungs in one second?

    <p>Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the volume of air that can be inspired forcefully after inspiration of normal tidal volume?

    <p>Inspiratory Reserve Volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the combination of expiratory reserve volume and residual volume?

    <p>Functional Residual Capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clinical correlation of the FEV1/FVC ratio?

    <p>It helps identify the type of lung disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the volume of air inspired or expired during a normal inspiration or expiration?

    <p>Tidal Volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the combination of tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume?

    <p>Vital Capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the total amount of air that can be contained in the lungs?

    <p>Total Lung Capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of obstructive conditions such as asthma and COPD on the respiratory system?

    <p>Reducing the ability to exhale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of gas exchange in the body?

    <p>Lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary force exerted by gas molecules on surfaces?

    <p>Pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the partial pressure of O2 in venous blood?

    <p>40 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary process that occurs during internal respiration?

    <p>Transfer of O2 from red blood cells to tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the respiratory membrane?

    <p>To facilitate the exchange of O2 and CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of pulmonary fibrosis on the respiratory system?

    <p>Reducing the ability to inhale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of external respiration?

    <p>To transfer O2 from inhaled air to blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that affects the partial pressure of CO2 in the blood?

    <p>CO2 production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of increasing pulmonary ventilation?

    <p>To increase the transfer of O2 from inhaled air to blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of decreasing pH on the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen?

    <p>It decreases the affinity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the dead space in the alveoli that is not adequately perfused with blood?

    <p>Alveolar dead space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing erythrocyte 2,3 diphosphoglycerate on hemoglobin oxygen affinity?

    <p>It decreases the affinity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the rate at which the body uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide?

    <p>Oxygen consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of hyperventilation on blood pH?

    <p>It increases blood pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the bloodstream?

    <p>Gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of aging on vital capacity and the amount of air moved in and out of the respiratory system per minute?

    <p>It decreases vital capacity and the amount of air moved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the amount of air that remains in the lungs after expiration?

    <p>Residual volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of an increase in hemoglobin oxygen affinity?

    <p>It decreases oxygen delivery to the tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ability of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide across the respiratory membrane?

    <p>Diffusing capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

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