40 Questions
What is the function of the paranasal sinuses in the respiratory system?
To add resonance to the voice
How many regions does the pharynx divide into?
Three
What is the function of the uvula in the nasopharynx?
To block material from entering the nasopharynx
Where are the tonsils located in the pharynx?
Oropharynx
What is the function of the laryngopharynx?
To permit the passage of both food and air
What is the connection between the lateral walls of the nasopharynx and the middle ear?
Eustachian tube
What is the function of the conducting zone in the respiratory system?
To filter, warm, and moisten air and conduct it into the lungs
What type of epithelial cells are found in the respiratory mucosa?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelial cells
What is the main function of the cilia in the respiratory mucosa?
To move mucus up towards the mouth
What is the name of the structure that separates the two sides of the nasal cavity?
Midline nasal septum
What is the purpose of the vibrissae in the nasal vestibule?
To filter coarse particles from inspired air
What is the name of the zone where gas exchange occurs in the respiratory system?
Respiratory zone
What is the approximate length of the larynx?
5 cm
What type of cartilage are all the laryngeal cartilages except the epiglottis?
Hyaline cartilage
What is the name of the ligament that connects the thyroid cartilage to the hyoid bone?
Thyrohyoid membrane
What is the name of the triangular slit opening between the true vocal cords?
Glottis
How many pairs of cartilages form the larynx?
3 paired cartilages
What is the function of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx?
Connect the cartilages to one another
What is the primary function of the trachea's closure?
To prevent food or liquid from entering the trachea
What is the approximate length of the trachea?
4-5 in
What type of cartilage supports the walls of the primary bronchi?
Hyaline cartilage
How many lobes are supplied by the secondary bronchi in the right lung?
3
What is the name of the internal ridge formed by the inferior tracheal cartilage?
Carina
What is the final branch of the bronchial tree that ends in an alveolar sac?
Respiratory bronchioles
What is the main function of Type I alveolar cells?
Where gas exchange occurs
What is the term for the variation in airway diameter during exertion and sympathetic and parasympathetic reactions?
Bronchodilation and bronchoconstriction
What is the approximate range of the number of alveoli in the lungs?
274,000-790,000
What is the term for the cells that remove debris from the alveoli?
Alveolar dust cells
What is the shape of the lungs?
Conical
What is the term for the surface of the lung where the bronchi and blood vessels enter and exit?
Hilum
The number of cartilage increases and the number of smooth muscle decreases in successive branching of the respiratory system.
False
Epithelial cells in the terminal bronchioles are ciliated pseudostratified columnar.
False
Alveoli have a thick wall specialized to promote diffusion of gases between the alveolus and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries.
False
Type I alveolar cells are responsible for removing debris from the alveoli.
False
The lungs occupy a small space within the thoracic cavity.
False
The lungs have a cylindrical shape.
False
The medial aspect of each lung is called the hilum of lung.
True
There are approximately 100 million alveoli in the lungs.
False
Type II alveolar cells are simple squamous cells where gas exchange occurs.
False
The mediastinum is located between the lungs, separating the mediastinal surface of the lungs.
True
Test your knowledge of the human respiratory system, including its structure and function. Learn about the upper and lower respiratory systems, conducting zone, and more.
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