Respiratory System Anatomy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What can be a consequence of hyperventilation?

  • Decrease in hemoglobin saturation
  • Increased oxygen demand
  • Dehydration
  • Alkaline pH in the blood (correct)

    • What happens to hemoglobin saturation at 19,000 feet altitude compared to sea level?

  • It is about 98% at 19,000 feet and about 67% at sea level
  • It is about 67% at 19,000 feet and about 98% at sea level (correct)
  • It remains constant at both altitudes
  • It drops to 25% at 19,000 feet and remains the same at sea level

    • Why does exercise pose a problem at higher altitudes?

  • Increased lung capacity
  • Low oxygen reserve in the veins (correct)
  • High hydration levels
  • Excessive oxygen in the blood

    • Which altitude is associated with Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS)?

    <p>8000 ft or higher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) treated?

    <p>By descending to a lower altitude and higher partial pressure of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of fetal breathing movements during pregnancy?

    <p>Exercise for developing muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the majority of gas exchange occur in the respiratory system?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the nose disrupts air flow to clean and warm incoming air?

    <p>Conchae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Eustachian tubes connecting to the nasal cavity?

    <p>Balance pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of defensins in the respiratory system?

    <p>Fight infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for regulating the volume of air entering the lungs?

    <p>Larynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the epiglottis during swallowing?

    <p>Close the trachea to prevent food from entering it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prevents the alveoli from collapsing?

    <p>Residual volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs?

    <p>Alveolar sac</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lung has a spot for the heart called the cardiac notch?

    <p>Left lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes bronchoconstriction and bronchodilation in the respiratory system?

    <p>Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents the anatomical dead space in the respiratory system?

    <p>Functional reserve capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is known as a respiratory cycle involving one inhalation and one exhalation?

    <p>Tidal volume (TV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the respiratory system does gas regulation and coughing occur automatically?

    <p>Alveolar sac</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences ventilation due to the size of the lungs and the size of the tube air moves through?

    <p>Resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which describes the total air that can be moved in and out of the lungs?

    <p>Total lung capacity (TLC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of alveolar macrophages in the respiratory system?

    <p>To clean debris and kill pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the apneustic center in the pons?

    <p>Stimulates the DRG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes an increase in breathing to remove toxic carbon dioxide?

    <p>Increase in hydrogen ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas causes bronchodilation when present at a high pressure in the alveoli?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage range of normal oxygen saturation levels as measured by a pulse oximeter?

    <p>95% - 99%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences oxygen to dissociate from hemoglobin?

    <p>Lower pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tissue receives less oxygen due to having a lower pressure difference?

    <p><strong>Adipose tissue</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which respiratory process does oxygen leave the blood?

    <p><strong>Internal respiration</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary molecule through which oxygen travels in the blood?

    <p><strong>Hemoglobin</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hyperpnea refers to an increase in rate and depth of ventilation to meet demands for which substance?

    <p><strong>Oxygen</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Henry's Law states that the greater the solubility and partial pressure of a gas, what results?

    <p><strong>More molecules will dissolve in a liquid</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

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