Respiratory System and Nose Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the conducting zone in the respiratory system?

  • Let air go in and out, remove debris, and warm incoming air (correct)
  • Secrete mucus to trap debris
  • Connect the nasal cavity to the trachea
  • Facilitate gas exchange in the alveoli

Where are the vocal cords and epiglottis located in the respiratory system?

  • Larynx (correct)
  • Pharynx
  • Nasal cavity
  • Trachea

What is the role of defensins in the respiratory system?

  • Creating a deeper sound during speech
  • Regulating the volume of air entering the lungs
  • Warming and humidifying the air in the nasal cavity
  • Fight infections by being secreted along with mucus (correct)

How does cold air affect the cilia in the nasal cavity?

<p>Slows them down, resulting in a runny nose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for regulating the volume of air that enters the lungs?

<p>Larynx (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the epiglottis close when we swallow food?

<p>Trachea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the apneustic center located in the pons?

<p>Stimulates the diaphragm and intercostal muscles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the respiratory rate increase when carbon dioxide levels rise in the body?

<p>To remove toxic carbon dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gas has a high pressure but low solubility in liquid?

<p>Nitrogen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to oxygen saturation in hemoglobin at higher temperatures?

<p>Decreases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mode of carbon dioxide transport in the blood?

<p>As bicarbonate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers hyperpnea in the body?

<p>Increase in rate and depth of ventilation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during internal respiration?

<p>Oxygen leaves the blood stream to enter tissues. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are peripheral chemoreceptors primarily sensitive to?

<p>Decrease in oxygen levels. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physiological effect does hyperventilation have on blood pH?

<p>It makes the blood more alkaline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does increasing altitude have on hemoglobin saturation?

<p>Decreases hemoglobin saturation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason exercise poses a problem at higher altitudes?

<p>Low oxygen reserves in veins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what altitude does Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) usually occur?

<p>19000 ft (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) typically treated?

<p>Descending to a lower altitude (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of fetal breathing movements starting around week 20 of development?

<p>Shows the fetus is practicing breathing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs?

<p>Alveolar sacs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of alveolar macrophages in the lungs?

<p>Clean debris and kill pathogens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lung has a cardiac notch?

<p>Left lung (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the pulmonary artery in the respiratory system?

<p>Carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the difference in size between the right and left lungs?

<p>Number of lobes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles contract during forced breathing activities?

<p>Both diaphragm and intercostal muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which volume represents the air left in the lungs after maximum exhalation?

<p>Residual volume (RV) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is anatomical dead space in the context of respiratory anatomy?

<p>Air that never reaches the alveoli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

There is a spot for the heart called what in the left lung?

<p>Cardiac notch (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for automatically regulating gas regulation and coughing in the respiratory system?

<p>Medulla oblongata (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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