Respiratory System and Nose Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the conducting zone in the respiratory system?

  • Let air go in and out, remove debris, and warm incoming air (correct)
  • Secrete mucus to trap debris
  • Connect the nasal cavity to the trachea
  • Facilitate gas exchange in the alveoli
  • Where are the vocal cords and epiglottis located in the respiratory system?

  • Larynx (correct)
  • Pharynx
  • Nasal cavity
  • Trachea
  • What is the role of defensins in the respiratory system?

  • Creating a deeper sound during speech
  • Regulating the volume of air entering the lungs
  • Warming and humidifying the air in the nasal cavity
  • Fight infections by being secreted along with mucus (correct)
  • How does cold air affect the cilia in the nasal cavity?

    <p>Slows them down, resulting in a runny nose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for regulating the volume of air that enters the lungs?

    <p>Larynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the epiglottis close when we swallow food?

    <p>Trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the apneustic center located in the pons?

    <p>Stimulates the diaphragm and intercostal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the respiratory rate increase when carbon dioxide levels rise in the body?

    <p>To remove toxic carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas has a high pressure but low solubility in liquid?

    <p>Nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to oxygen saturation in hemoglobin at higher temperatures?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mode of carbon dioxide transport in the blood?

    <p>As bicarbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers hyperpnea in the body?

    <p>Increase in rate and depth of ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during internal respiration?

    <p>Oxygen leaves the blood stream to enter tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are peripheral chemoreceptors primarily sensitive to?

    <p>Decrease in oxygen levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physiological effect does hyperventilation have on blood pH?

    <p>It makes the blood more alkaline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does increasing altitude have on hemoglobin saturation?

    <p>Decreases hemoglobin saturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason exercise poses a problem at higher altitudes?

    <p>Low oxygen reserves in veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what altitude does Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) usually occur?

    <p>19000 ft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) typically treated?

    <p>Descending to a lower altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of fetal breathing movements starting around week 20 of development?

    <p>Shows the fetus is practicing breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs?

    <p>Alveolar sacs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of alveolar macrophages in the lungs?

    <p>Clean debris and kill pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lung has a cardiac notch?

    <p>Left lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the pulmonary artery in the respiratory system?

    <p>Carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the difference in size between the right and left lungs?

    <p>Number of lobes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles contract during forced breathing activities?

    <p>Both diaphragm and intercostal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which volume represents the air left in the lungs after maximum exhalation?

    <p>Residual volume (RV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is anatomical dead space in the context of respiratory anatomy?

    <p>Air that never reaches the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is a spot for the heart called what in the left lung?

    <p>Cardiac notch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for automatically regulating gas regulation and coughing in the respiratory system?

    <p>Medulla oblongata</p> Signup and view all the answers

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