Respiratory System Anatomy and Processes
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary factor that determines the amount of a gas that dissolves in a liquid, according to Henry's Law?

  • Temperature of the liquid
  • Partial pressure of the gas (correct)
  • Surface area of the liquid
  • pH of the liquid
  • What is the primary site of external respiration?

  • Diaphragm and intercostal muscles
  • Pulmonary veins
  • Bronchi and trachea
  • Alveoli and pulmonary capillaries (correct)
  • What percentage of oxygen that enters the bloodstream binds to hemoglobin?

  • 98.5% (correct)
  • 100%
  • 90%
  • 95%
  • What is the term for the process by which oxygen binds to hemoglobin, making it easier for each successive oxygen to bind?

    <p>Allosteric cooperativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a decrease in blood pH on the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin?

    <p>Decreases oxygen binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many oxygen atoms can bind to a single hemoglobin molecule?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the intrapleural pressure being less than the intrapulmonary pressure?

    <p>To prevent the lungs from collapsing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the presence of air in the pleural cavity, usually due to injury?

    <p>Pneumothorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation that describes the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas in a closed container?

    <p>P1V1 = P2V2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ease at which the lungs expand?

    <p>Compliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum amount of air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the tidal volume?

    <p>Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sum of the tidal volume (TV) and the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)?

    <p>Inspiratory capacity (IC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of carbon dioxide is transported in the blood as bicarbonate ions?

    <p>70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the brain is responsible for shortening the duration of inspiration?

    <p>Pneumotaxic area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a lack of oxygen in the tissues?

    <p>Hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hypoxia is caused by a toxin blocking oxygen unloading to tissue?

    <p>Hystotoxic hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for no oxygen going to tissues, resulting in tissue death?

    <p>Anoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of carbon dioxide is dissolved in the blood?

    <p>7%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hypoxia is caused by low partial pressure of oxygen?

    <p>Hypoxemic hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for carbon monoxide poisoning leading to hypoxia?

    <p>Hb has a higher affinity for CO than O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for rapid breathing?

    <p>Hyperpnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

    <p>Decrease in the ability to force air out of the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a blood pH below 7.35?

    <p>Respiratory acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genetic disorder characterized by excessive mucous production in the lungs?

    <p>Cystic fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nasal conchae bones?

    <p>To increase the surface area of the nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which portion of the pharynx extends from the soft palate to the hyoid bone?

    <p>Oropharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the bony structure that divides the nasal cavity in half?

    <p>Nasal septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the paranasal sinuses?

    <p>To lighten the skull</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which portion of the pharynx is used for air only?

    <p>Nasopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the other name for the larynx?

    <p>Voice box</p> Signup and view all the answers

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