30 Questions
What is the primary factor that determines the amount of a gas that dissolves in a liquid, according to Henry's Law?
Partial pressure of the gas
What is the primary site of external respiration?
Alveoli and pulmonary capillaries
What percentage of oxygen that enters the bloodstream binds to hemoglobin?
98.5%
What is the term for the process by which oxygen binds to hemoglobin, making it easier for each successive oxygen to bind?
Allosteric cooperativity
What is the effect of a decrease in blood pH on the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin?
Decreases oxygen binding
How many oxygen atoms can bind to a single hemoglobin molecule?
4
What is the primary reason for the intrapleural pressure being less than the intrapulmonary pressure?
To prevent the lungs from collapsing
What is the term for the presence of air in the pleural cavity, usually due to injury?
Pneumothorax
What is the equation that describes the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas in a closed container?
P1V1 = P2V2
What is the term for the ease at which the lungs expand?
Compliance
What is the maximum amount of air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the tidal volume?
Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
What is the sum of the tidal volume (TV) and the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)?
Inspiratory capacity (IC)
What percentage of carbon dioxide is transported in the blood as bicarbonate ions?
70%
Which area of the brain is responsible for shortening the duration of inspiration?
Pneumotaxic area
What is the term for a lack of oxygen in the tissues?
Hypoxia
Which type of hypoxia is caused by a toxin blocking oxygen unloading to tissue?
Hystotoxic hypoxia
What is the term for no oxygen going to tissues, resulting in tissue death?
Anoxia
What percentage of carbon dioxide is dissolved in the blood?
7%
What type of hypoxia is caused by low partial pressure of oxygen?
Hypoxemic hypoxia
What is the main reason for carbon monoxide poisoning leading to hypoxia?
Hb has a higher affinity for CO than O2
What is the term for rapid breathing?
Hyperpnea
What is the main characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Decrease in the ability to force air out of the lungs
What is the term for a blood pH below 7.35?
Respiratory acidosis
What is the genetic disorder characterized by excessive mucous production in the lungs?
Cystic fibrosis
What is the primary function of the nasal conchae bones?
To increase the surface area of the nasal cavity
Which portion of the pharynx extends from the soft palate to the hyoid bone?
Oropharynx
What is the name of the bony structure that divides the nasal cavity in half?
Nasal septum
What is the primary function of the paranasal sinuses?
To lighten the skull
Which portion of the pharynx is used for air only?
Nasopharynx
What is the other name for the larynx?
Voice box
Test your knowledge of the respiratory system, including pulmonary ventilation, external and internal respiration, and the transport of gases. Learn about the anatomy and processes of the respiratory system in this comprehensive quiz.
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