1.4 Anatomy (Galvin)

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What is the primary function of the conducting airways in the respiratory system?

Warming inhaled air and humidifying it (correct)

Producing surfactant for alveolar patency

Facilitating gas exchange in the alveoli

Transporting oxygen to the tissues

Which of the following is NOT a function of the conducting airways?

Filtration of inhaled air

Transporting O2 and CO2 to and from gas exchange airways

Humidifying inhaled air

Production of surfactant (correct)

What is the main function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

Transporting O2 and CO2 to and from gas exchange airways

Gas exchange between tissues and the environment (correct)

Humidifying inhaled air

Warming inhaled air

What opposes the tendency of alveoli to collapse when compressed?

Interdependence of alveolar arrangement Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the capillaries in maintaining alveolar patency?

Contain interwoven elastic and connective tissue fibers between capillaries Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Pores of Kohn in the respiratory system?

Facilitate gas exchange in the alveoli Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mucociliary escalator in the respiratory system?

Removing phlegm that could cause infection Signup and view all the answers

What are the turbinates in the conducting airways primarily responsible for?

Warming and humidifying inhaled air Signup and view all the answers

What opposes the collapse of alveoli when compressed?

Interdependence of alveolar arrangement Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a primary function of the nasal cavity in the conducting airways?

Gas exchange with tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the venous plexus in the nasal septum?

Venous drainage from nasal cavity Signup and view all the answers

What structure produces vasoactive substances for lung metabolism?

Pneumocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of alveoli covered by the pulmonary capillary network?

70% Signup and view all the answers

How many capillaries are there per alveolus?

500-1000 Signup and view all the answers

What is the total approximate number of pulmonary capillaries in the human lung?

50-100 million Signup and view all the answers

Which shape are alveoli primarily?

Polygonal Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the interbronchiolar channels (of Martin) and bronchiole-alveolar canals (of Lambert)?

Collateral ventilation Signup and view all the answers

At what age do pores of Kohn become present?

3-4 years old Signup and view all the answers

In which condition may pores of Kohn become enlarged?

Emphysema Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the chest wall that allows for the inferior movement of the lung root with inspiration?

Pulmonary ligament Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of mucus in the respiratory system?

Trapping inhaled particles and microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pleura in the respiratory system?

Facilitating lung expansion and contraction Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue heavily fortifies alveolar septa?

Elastic tissue Signup and view all the answers

What does the transmission electron micrograph (Figure 1–5) show within the capillary?

Red blood cell Signup and view all the answers