Research Methods Chapter on Scientific Method

Science is defined by what it investigates rather than how it investigates.

What is the scientific method?

What is the first step of the scientific method?

What should you do after forming a hypothesis?

Evaluating the prediction is done by making unplanned observations.

What does the hypothesis state in this example: 'When people have limited knowledge, they tend to overestimate themselves'?

In the example provided, what is the prediction related to student performance?

Introduction to the Scientific Method

Science is defined by its investigative methods, not its subject matter.
The scientific method is essential for psychology to be considered a science.

The Scientific Method

A structured approach for acquiring knowledge.
Involves formulating specific questions and systematically seeking answers.
Key components include constructing and testing hypotheses, and developing theories.

Steps of the Scientific Method

Observation of behavior or phenomena.
Formulation of a tentative explanation, known as a hypothesis.
Generation of testable predictions based on the hypothesis.
Evaluation of predictions through systematic observations and studies.
Data collected is used to support, refute, or refine the hypothesis.

Example of Scientific Inquiry

Initial observation: Overestimating personal performance in exams when results are poor.
Questioning the reason behind this observation leads to hypothesis formation.
Hypothesis: Limited knowledge correlates with self-overestimation.
Prediction derived: Students with poor exam performance will significantly overestimate their abilities.

Test your understanding of the Scientific Method as presented in Gravetter and Forzano's 'Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences'. This quiz includes true or false statements that will help reinforce your knowledge of key concepts. Perfect for students looking to solidify their grasp of research methodology.